摘要:

Endogenous creatinine clearance was measured in 220 pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis and the results compared to data obtained Tram 167 pregnant control patients without acute pyelonephritis. These data showed that an appreciable number of patients with pyelonephritis occurring during pregnancy demonstrated a transient but definite diminution in renal function during the acute attack. Causes of this temporary renal dysfunction arc discussed.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Prophylactic administration of Rh immunoglobulin to all Rh-negative women undergoing sterilization procedures has been advocated to prevent Rh isoimmunization, thus allowing transfusion of Rh-positive blood to those individuals in the future. However, results from a survey of 23 hospitals in the United Stales and 95 hospitals in the stale of Iowa indicate that Rh-positive blood is rarely given to Rh-negative women even in an emergency. Since only 7 of 100 Rh-negative women are sensitized by their last pregnancy and the chance that any of those 7 women will ever receive Rh-positive blood is probably less than 2%, the advisability of routinely using Rh immunoglobulin in this situation is questioned.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A double-blind study evaluating two dose schedules of oral prostaglandin E2(PGE2) was conducted in 56 normal “unripe” multiparas at term. The effect of PGE2was evaluated by comparing the change in Bishop score of the cervix and patient's response to oxytocin induction of labor after the prostaglandin priming. In the two study groups (one group on a fixed PGE2dosage and the other on a variable drug regimen) an average change of more than three points in the Bishop score was observed. In the control group no significant change in cervical ripeness was observed. Nine of the 32 patients (28%) receiving prostaglandin delivered during the priming phase of the study, whereas only 1 control patient (4.2%) delivered during priming. Six of 24 control patients (25%) failed to deliver, whereas only 3 of 32 study patients (9%) failed. In the successfully induced patients, the response to oxytocin, as expressed by the time to active phase, total time of labor, and mean dose of oxytocin required, did not vary significantly when control and study groups were compared. It is concluded that PGE2at either dosage schedule is effective in changing the Bishop score of the cervix and that it is not feasible to titrate the PGE2dose in order to effectively ripen the cervix without a very high incidence of induction of labor. In those cases where priming was completed, without accidental deliver)', the induction phase was successful more than 90% of the time. No adverse effect to mother or baby was observed during this study.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Routine electronic monitoring has been performed on 2411 labor patients at Booth Memorial Medical Center. Most recently, 88% of all patients delivered were monitored. As a direct result of this program, intrapartum stillbirths have been dramatically reduced from 1.2/1000 livebirths to 0.5/1000 livebirths. Perinatal mortality for fetuses over 1000 g has fallen to 8.8/1000 deliveries. Apgar scores below 6 at 5 minutes have decreased from a rate of 24/1000 to 14/1000 livebirths. No increase in cesarean sections for fetal distress has occurred although the primary cesarean section rate has increased over the past 10 years, apparently unrelated to fetal monitoring. It is strongly recommended that all patients in labor be monitored by currently available technics.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

From the beginning of biophysical and biochemical monitoring of the fetus during labor, a continuing attempt has been made to determine if a reliable correlation exists between these measurements and the well-being of the fetus. If such a correlation did indeed exist, the combined use of the two approaches would permit efficient, relatively simple fetal monitoring. This preliminary report describes the use of computer processed fetal heart rate patterns to predict fetal scalp blood pH. Initial results show a 90% overall accuracy in predictions; when corrected for some of the bias of retrospective predictions, the accuracy is 91% for high pH and 72% for low pH.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of human fetal renal maldevelopment following the administration of nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone in early pregnancy for therapy of Hodgkin's disease is reported. While these agents have been shown to be teratogenic in animal experiments, adverse fetal effects following their use during early human pregnancy have not been described. In spile of this previous experience, it has generally been recommended that these agents be withheld during the first trimester of pregnancy because of their presumed teratogenic potential. This case would seem to reinforce this recommendation.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Effects of diazoxide on systemic and uterine hemodynamics as well as on fetal circulation and blood respiratory gases were investigated in chronically instrumented pregnant sheep. Diazoxide was administered intravenously either to the ewe or directly to the fetus in doses calculated on the basis of body weight. Transfer of drug across placenta was also investigated. Results showed that:a) when injected into the mother, there was consistent hypotensive effect with increased cardiac output and decreased systemic vascular resistance; uterine blood flow might not change or might decrease slightly with moderate hypotension; when maternal systemic arterial pressure fell to critical closing pressure level, uterine flow decreased significantly; but despite these maternal changes, the fetal circulatory functions were not significantly altered;b) when injected into the fetus in doses up to IS mg/kg, diazoxide failed to alter fetal circulation appreciably;c) diazoxide crossed the placenta when injected into either mother or fetus according to a definite gradient; fetal levels were always lower than maternal levels because of rapid loss of the drug by the fetus;d) moderate maternal and fetal hyperglycemia occurred after drug administration.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In order Co estimate the human placenta! lactogen (HPL) level and its value as an indicator of fetoplacental function during labor, we determined HPL levels (N=225) before, during, and after labor in normal (N=16) and preeclamptic (N=14) subjects or in patients with benign intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (N=5). During labor, greater decreases in this value were found in preeclamptic than in normal subjects and similarly in mothers with fetoplacental dysfunction than with normal fetoplacental function. The rupture of the membranes had no effect on the level of HPL, which was not related to parity, oxytocin infusion, time interval from rupture of the membranes to delivery, nor to relative placental weight. The half-life of HPL varied in the range of 20-23 minutes immediately after deliver) and in the range of 30-39 minutes some time later. During labor, greater decreases in HPL level in cases of preeclampsia or fetoplacental dysfunction may be caused by relative uteroplacental ischemia during uterine contractions, but from this finding it is hard lo expect any advantage of HPL as a monitor of fetoplacental function during labor.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serum prolactin concentration was measured by radioim- munoassay in 29 women, In the first 1½ hours postpartum. Fourteen women received 0.2 mg methylergonovine maleate (Methergine) intramuscularly after the delivery of the placenta. Fifteen women who served as controls received only saline. The rise in serum prolactin concentration seen in the control women (266.4 ng/ml ± 40.8 SE) was significantly greater than that seen in methylergonovine-treated patients (141.0 ng/ml ± 29.0 SE).

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Oxytocin, 5 to 10 units, is frequently given as a bolus injection following terra delivery or elective termination of pregnancy. It is not general knowledge that this has any untoward effects. In the present study in young, healthy women undergoing elective termination of pregnancy, mean arterial blood pressure decreased approximately 30% and the total peripheral resistence 50%, 40 seconds after injection. However, heart rate increased 30% and stroke volume 25%, so that the cardiac output was elevated more than 50% above control. Oxytocin given as a dilute solution produced no circulatory change; hence, we suggest that this drug be administered in such fashion rather than by bolus injection.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID