摘要:

The anatomy of the placenta of rhesus monkeys has been studied by dissection, controlled digestion, injection-corrosion, and serial section. Circulatory anatomy has been investigated in vivo by radioangiography of both the maternal and the fetal placental circulation. The placenta is usually bidiscoid; the discs are located on the anterior and posterior walls of the uterus. Each disc contains several fairly distinct cotyledons, formed by the grouping of adjacent stem villi and their branches. Main stem villi of the rhesus placenta are relatively more numerous and less complexly branched than are the main stem villi of the human placenta. Each cotyledon is supplied with maternal blood by a single endometrial spiral artery that enters the cotyledon near the center of its maternal surface.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The deficiencies in the delivery of health care to women are indicated by the fact that over 50% of maternal deaths are potentially avoidable; our perinatal mortality rate is inordinately high; premature deliveries and teenage and illegitimate pregnancies are steadily increasing; we are unable to provide universal family planning services; 12,000 or more deaths occur yearly from carcinoma of the cervix; the rate of venereal disease is rising, and we are faced with a host of other equally important problems. Since there is no hope of producing enough obstetrician-gynecologists to provide adequate care within the present system, we must make drastic changes in the education of obstetrician-gynecologists and in the practice. The changes include the use of nonphysician associates, changes in hospital organization, changes in resident education and changes in practice patterns.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Osteoporosis occurs in 1 of 4 postmenopausal women and is one of the inevitable processes of aging linked to a lack of estrogen. The authors observed the osteoporotic process by measuring the mineral content of the phalanges, which is known to be comparable to that in bones of the spine and pelvis, with beams of either iodine-125 or americium-241. Osteoden-sitometer readings in 279 women prostrated the protective action of estrogen in retarding and preventing osteoporosis. The archaic symptomatic use of estrogen is decried, as the authors espouse its indefinite long-term administration to prevent atrophic changes, including osteoporosis.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Portions of fallopian tubes removed at tubal ligation from postpartum patients were compared histologically and bacteriologically with those secured from nonpostpartum patients. Twenty-six percent of specimens removed postpartum had some histologic evidence of inflammation, but cultures were sterile. Moreover, the patients did not exhibit clinical evidence of infection. Hence, the inflammatory change seen postpartum does not appear to be evidence of infection and is of no clinical significance.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study was undertaken to determine if timing of postpartum tubal sterilization is related to postoperative morbidity. The charts of 734 patients who underwent tubal ligation after vaginal delivery were evaluated. Morbidity attributable to tubal ligation was small. Postpartum time was not an apparently significant factor in determining morbidity when the operation was performed within 5 days after delivery. Prolonged rupture of the membranes and sickle cell anemia were associated with significantly increased morbidity.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Tubal sterilization can now be performed in the outpatient department safely, effectively, and as a practical procedure for hospitals on all levels. A report of 75 such ligations and a description of the sterilization clinic are presented.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A documented case of fetal distress due to transplacental hemorrhage is presented. Methods for detecting and estimating the volume of hemorrhage are discussed. Analysis of maternal blood for fetal erythrocytes may be of value in parturients whose fetus is in distress.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Frequency curves were constructed for intensity, frequency and duration of uterine contractions during normal active phase labor in 20 parturients. This method of analysis emphasizes the variability in uterine contractions during normal labor. The uterus is a smooth muscle, and frequency-curve analysis demonstrates its irregular rhythmicity. Normal cervical dilatation rates during labor are not related to either rhythmical or n on rhythmical uterine action. Discussions and teachings concerning myometrial activity should be framed in terms of its smooth muscle character rather than any resemblance to myocardial activity.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Human placental lactogen (HPL) was determined by radioimmunoassay in 285 normal and 70 abnormal pregnancies. HPL increased progressively throughout pregnancy and labor. Serum HPL had little correlation with placental weight and amniotic fluid HPL and no correlation with fetal weight, sex, cord serum HPL and parity. Low HPL levels were found in 5 patients with threatened abortion whose pregnancies terminated unsuccessfully, and normal levels were found in 3 whose pregnancies continued normally. Six of 8 patients with fetal death occurring in later pregnancy had normal levels. One patient with malabsorption, whose serum HPL failed to rise in the third trimester, delivered a stillborn baby. High HPL levels were found in about half the patients with diabetes mellitus, preeclamptic toxemia, Rh isoimmunization and twins. High levels were also found in 4 of 6 patients with jaundice and/or pruritus. However, no correlation was found between the elevation of HPL levels and the clinical severity of these conditions. The mechanism of these changes and their possible significance are discussed. It is concluded that a low serum HPL on serial sampling may be a useful prognostic index.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Normal pregnant women at or near term were tested by a double IV glucose loading procedure. Serum immunoreactive insulin, placental lactogenic hormone (HPL) and blood glucose levels were determined sequentially for 3 hr. HPL was found to decrease significantly during the first 30 min of the test. It is suggested that HPL may relate to glucose homeostasis in pregnancy, the negative feedback being of fetal origin.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID