摘要:

A review of the literature on congenital hydrocephalus was used to develop a protocol for management. Specific emphasis is given to early diagnosis, evaluation of associated anomalies, and prognosis based on etiology.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Factors influencing survival and morbidity in a group of 214 consecutively delivered very low birth weight infants (500 to 1500 g) are examined. The perinatal mortality was 313 per 1000 births. Of 185 live-born, congenially normal infants, 133 (72%) were discharged alive. Respiratory distress syndrome was the most common form of significant morbidity, occurring in 114 infants (62%). Intraventricular hemorrhage was diagnosed in 38 (21%) of the infants. Neither survival nor morbidity was influenced by the mode of delivery. The current trend of a liberalized policy of cesarean section for the very low birth weight delivery is questioned.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In Maine, maternal serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) values equaled 2 or more multiples of the median in 4.8% of screened women. Between 2.0 and 2.9 multiples of the median repeat maternal serum AFP testing and sonography were comparable as the next diagnostic step; at 3 multiples of the median or higher sonography was superior. Sonography moved dates back in only ten singleton viable pregnancies with maternal serum AFP elevations; three of these had open fetal defects. Among singletons, all five anencephaly cases, one of two open spina bifida lesions, and all three open ventral wall defects were identified. Three closed singleton neural tube defects and two open spina bifida defects in twins were not detected. Nineteen of 36 multiple gestations had maternal serum AFP 2 or higher multiples of the median. In singletons, maternal serum AFP of 3 or higher multiples of the median indicated a thirtyfold increased risk for fetal death and a sevenfold increased risk for birth weight under 2500 g.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Immunoglobulin G, A, and M (IgG, IgA and IgM) levels were measured in paired maternal and cord serum samples from 18 pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and 55 with normal growth (adequate-for-gestational-age pregnancies) delivered vaginally at 36 weeks' gestation or later. Cord blood levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM in IUGR infants were found significantly lower than those in infants with adequate-for-gestational-age growth. Lower levels of cord IgG in IUGR may be due to a defect in the active transport of IgG across the placenta. Lower levels of cord IgM and IgA suggest an impairment of synthesis of immunoglobulins in the IUGR infants. There was no difference in cord immunoglobulin concentrations between infants with intrapartum fetal heart rate (FHR) decelerations and those without FHR decelerations in either the IUGR or the adequate-for-gestational-age group. No difference was observed in maternal immunoglobulin concentrations among the study groups.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Plasma levels of oxytocin and prolactin were measured before and during 12 minutes of breast pump stimulation in five healthy, lactating, amenorrheic women on three occasions: ten to 90 days post partum, 90 to 180 days post partum, and 180 days to one year post partum. Baseline mean (± SEM) plasma oxytocin levels were similar in the three study periods. Mean stimulated plasma oxytocin levels increased in the three study periods (eachP< .001; mean baseline versus stimulated). Stimulated plasma oxytocin values were significantly greater at ten to 90 than at 90 to 180 days (P

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In 276 scans of 81 gravid patients, changes in the ultrasonic images of the fetal intestine, particularly the colon, are described at advancing stages of gestation. These changes appear to be related to an increase of the meconium content of the intestine and to its gradual displacement to the colon by a progressively more efficient peristalsis. A grading system of four stages was devised. In stage 1, the intestine has a uniform gray appearance. In stage 2, the colon can be identified by small echo-free areas close to the kidneys and the bladder. In stage 3, these areas become larger and delineate large segments of the colon. The small bowel can also be seen, represented by clusters of numerous transonic areas that continuously change their shape. The colon becomes redundant in stage 4 and the haustra appear. The echo-free areas of the small bowel are larger and show a very active peristalsis.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Prospective evaluation of 155 couples with two or more consecutive pregnancy losses disclosed uterine morphologic abnormalities in 27%, chromosomal abnormalities in 21 individuals (7.7%, or 15.4% of the couples), and at least one abnormal diagnostic test suggestive of a cause for recurrent pregnancy losses in 106 (68%). A positive test for antinuclear antibody was found in 7.5% of the women, whereas the expected rate in a population of this age is less than 2%. Cervical cultures forUreaplasma urealyticum(T-strain my-coplasma) were positive in 48% of the women, and 28% of these women had a genetic or uterine abnormality to explain their pregnancy losses. Thyroid function profiles and cervical cultures forMycoplasma hominisprovided no significant information in the evaluation in these couples. With the exception of women with a positive antinuclear antibody, the overall prognosis for later pregnancies was quite good whether the diagnostic evaluation of the couple was normal (77% subsequent live births) or abnormal (71% subsequent live births). The significance of the positive antinuclear antibody in these women is unclear, but further studies and long-term evaluation are necessary to determine the relationship between recurrent pregnancy losses and later development of collagen-vascular diseases.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Five pregnancies were cared for in four patients who had undergone ureterosigmoid anastomosis or ileal conduit urinary diversions. The most common complication of pregnancy was urinary tract infection, ranging from asymptomatic bacteriuria to pyelonephritis. Significant obstruction of the diverted urinary tract failed to occur during gestation or delivery. Laboratory and radiographic studies demonstrated maintenance of baseline renal function. Offspring delivered showed appropriate growth for gestational age without associated anomalies. The authors' data and a review of the literature suggest that vaginal delivery is safe, and cesarean section may be reserved for obstetric indications. Pregnancy is not contraindicated after urinary diversion.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The present study is a detailed review of 415 patients undergoing sterilization under local anesthesia with hyster-oscopically placed silicone plugs. The authors compiled 3200 woman-months after sterilization without a pregnancy. Up to 90% of women undergoing this procedure in the office have successful completion. The difficulties with the method are outlined, unsuccessful procedures categorized, and radiographs presented, and the outlook for the future is discussed. The method is seen as a viable alternative to laparoscopic sterilization.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In women with an infertility problem, cylosol progestin receptors were quantified in endometrial biopsies and correlated to histologic postovulatory dating. In 19 women (group A) the histologic dating corresponded to the cycle day; 14 women (group B) showed delayed or incomplete secretory changes. Group B showed significantly lower mean progestin receptor values (132 ± 22 fmoles/mg protein [± SEM,P< .01]) than group A (236 ± 29 fmoles/mg protein). The mean serum progesterone values did not differ significantly between groups A and B in the midluteal or the late luteal phase of the cycle. Inadequate maturation of the endometrium seems to correlate with insufficient development of progestin receptor binding sites rather than with decreased serum progesterone levels.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID