摘要:

In a retrospective review of 440 pregnancies occurring in women over the age of 40, increased frequencies of both perinatal and maternal complications were noted. The perinatal mortality rate of the study group was three times greater than that of the general obstetric population. There were increased incidences of both low and high birthweight infants. Neonatal morbidity was increased. Congenital abnormalities were noted in 12 infants, including 2 infants with cytogenetic abnormalities. Hypertensive disorders complicated one-third of the pregnancies. Diabetes mellitus and abruptio placentae occurred with increased frequency. Cesarean section was required for 12.2% of the deliveries.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Asymptomatic bacteriuria was identified in 300 pregnant women prior to the 28th week of gestation. In one group of 200 women short-term treatment with either nitrofurantoin or sulfamethizole was given for 14 days, and in another group of 100 women continuous therapy with one of these drugs was given for the remainder of gestation. Weekly urine cultures were obtained from all the women. Of the women treated with short-term therapy, 65% were abacteriuric for the remainder of pregnancy following one course of therapy, 24% became abacteriuric but subsequently relapsed, 2% had reinfection after becoming abacteriuric, and 9% demonstrated no response. Following treatment with a second course of short-term therapy, another 19% of these women were cured for the remainder of their pregnancy, and 3.5% responded to a third course. In the continuous therapy group, 88% of the women became abacteriuric for the remainder of the gestation, 3% demonstrated relapse, 2% developed reinfection, and 7% had no response to the first drug given. These data demonstrate that short-term administration of antimicrobials, when combined with surveillance for recurrent bacteriuria, is effective for the management of the pregnant woman with asymptomatic bacteriuria.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Obstetric data from 4403 nulliparas were analyzed in order to determine whether the duration of the second stage of labor influences perinatal outcome or maternal puerperal morbidity. No significant increase in the frequency of perinatal mortality, neonatal mortality, or low 5-minute Apgar scores was noted with long second stages. An increase in the incidence of low 1-minute Apgar scores was observed only in those infants who were not monitored. An increase in puerperal hemorrhage after more than 3 hours of second stage labor was attributable to those patients delivered by midforccps operations. It appears that it is unwarranted to terminate labor simply because an arbitrary period of time has elapsed in the second stage.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A survey of 440 patients examined vaginally during the last month of pregnancy showed a correlation between quantitative assessment of the pelvic score features described by Bishop and the duration of induced labor. Cervical dilatation was as useful as the total Bishop score in this respect. Cervical dilatation and station of the head together were especially predictive for long labor and these two factors together with length of cervix were especially predictive for shorter labors. It was also apparent from this study that previous cervical surgery or vaginal termination of pregnancy was associated with a lower incidence of low Bishop scores. The changes in individual components of the Bishop score during the last month of pregnancy are described.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In a prospective study of 133 spontaneous premature deliveries the relation between premature rupture of the membranes (PRM) and development of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborn infants is examined. PRM is associated with a significantly decreased incidence of RDS in newborn infants (P<0.002). This relation is valid at a gestational age of 28 weeks or more and a birthweight greater than 1000 g. Total respiratory morbidity in newborn infants (transient tachypnea + RDS) is also significantly decreased when labor is associated with PRM (P<0.005). Assessment of the influences of sex of the infant, fetal asphyxia, and delivery by cesarian section shows that PRM bears a stronger relation than each of these individual factors to a decreased incidence of RDS. Duration of the latent period has no influence on protection from RDS, and it is suggested that fetal lung maturity occurs before the membranes rupture.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Analysis of 86 samples of amniotic fluid included a count of the total number of cells per cubic millimeter, the percent of fatty cells, and the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio. In the period of gestation studied, 35 to 43 weeks, the average rise in the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio with each week of gestation was only 0.22 (r=0.27,P<0.02), but the correlations of the lecithin/ sphingomyelin ratio with the number of fatty cells per cubic millimeter and with the nonfatty cells per cubic millimeter were highly significant (r=0.64,P<0.001; andr=0.53,P<0.001, respectively). The association of neutral fat-laden cells with the increase in lecithin could be due to a common origin from the skin of the fetus. Alternatively, exfoliation of fatty and nonfatty cells may be stimulated by the same mechanism that causes production of lung surfactant. It is suggested that surfactant lecithin becomes adsorbed onto the surface of the cells in amniotic fluid.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serum unconjugated estriol levels and urinary estriol levels of concurrent specimens were compared for 6 normal and 6 high-risk subjects throughout the last trimester of pregnancy. Free estriol values in serum exhibited a close correlation with urinary estriol values for both the normal (r=0.91) and high-risk (requals;0.92) groups. The results of this study indicate that the assessment of high-risk pregnancies now accomplished principally by urinary estriol assays may be performed by more convenient and rapid radioimmunoassays developed for quantification of free estriol in serum.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Twenty-eight pregnant patients exhibiting subnormal fetal growth patterns by serial ultrasonic cephalometry were studied. Only 12 (43%) delivered small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants indicating a poor correlation between the prenatal assessment of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) by ultrasonic cephalometry and the neonatal evaluation of the newborn as SGA. The most important factors in the evaluation of the fetus with subnormal serial ultrasonic cephalometry were: 1) the type of ultrasonic growth pattern (“late flattening” vs “low growth profile”), 2) the presence or absence of maternal high-risk factors, and 3) the gestational age of the fetus at the time of detection of the growth abnormality. A pregnancy showing a late flattening type of growth pattern by serial ultrasound in the presence of maternal high-risk factors and with the growth abnormality being detected before 35 weeks of gestation, almost certainly will terminate with the birth of a SGA infant. On the contrary, serial plasma free estriol determinations were not useful in predicting the fetal status at birth. All but 4 of these patients were delivered at term and there was neither perinatal mortality nor significant morbidity. It is suggested that the existence of an abnormal cephalometric pattern is not an indication for early delivery unless fetal distress is detected by means of an oxytocin challenge test.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The present study reports on the relative percents and absolute numbers of peripheral blood total T, active T, and B lymphocytes in pregnant women throughout gestation. These data agree with other studies reporting normal T and B cell populations during pregnancy.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serum or plasma total unconjugated estriol and total estriol glucuronide fractions were measured in 14 patients with unaborted hydatidiform mole between 11 and 25 weeks of gestation and in 20 normal pregnant patients between 8 and 17 weeks of gestation. The estriol fractions were separated by solvent partition, and the estriol was measured by radioimmunoassay using antiserum against estriol-16-17-dihemisuccinate conjugated to bovine serum albumin. The values (means and ranges) found in normal pregnant patients were as follows: estriol 1.3 ng/ml (0.3-2.9); estriol glucuronide, 11.1 ng/ml (4.7-24.8). Wide ranges of values were found in patients with molar pregnancies compared to those with normal pregnancies of equivalent gestation, some values being within the upper range of normal and others being well below the normal range. Of the 14 molar pregnancies studied, 9 (64%) were associated with serum estriol values which were below the ranges for normal pregnancy, and 8 (57%) were associated with similarly low estriol glucuronide values. The incidences of low estriol and estriol glucuronide values were less than those reported for low urinary estriol excretion in hydatidiform moles. No correlation was found between any of the serum estriol fractions and the serum hCG values or with the presence of theca lutein cysts in the ovaries. It was suggested that the trophoblast was the principal source of estriol in these molar pregnancies.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID