摘要:

A 2-year prospective double-blind study of prophylactic antibiotics in 317 patients undergoing elective total abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy was conducted. Patients randomly received placebo, penicillin, or cefazolin 30 minutes prior to surgery and at 6-hour intervals thereafter for 48 hours. Rigid criteria for postoperative morbidity were established. Vaginal hysterectomy patients given either penicillin or cefazolin prophylaxis had fewer postoperative infections (P < 0.01) compared to those given placebo. A similar trend was noted among women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy; however, this trend was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Despite continuous surveillance, no change in nosocomial flora or antibiotic sensitivity of bacterial isolates was noted. Adverse drug effects and antibiotic-resistant secondary infections were encountered with similar frequency in all treatment groups.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To further define the bacterial pathogenesis of infections following cesarean section, amnionic fluid was obtained transabdominally at the time of surgery from 56 women whose membranes were ruptured for more than 6 hours. In all specimens, bacterial growth was demonstrated, and 53 of these women developed postoperative myometritis. A mean of 2.5 pathogenic bacteria was isolated from each specimen. More than 90% of the amnionic fluid specimens had polymicrobial anaerobic/aerobic growth (63%) or anaerobes only (30%). Aerobic and anaerobic streptococci accounted for 72% of all bacterial isolates; Bacteroides and Escherichia coli were the next most commonly recovered species. In women treated for myometritis and who subsequently developed a wound or pelvic abscess, cultures from these wounds or abscesses were positive for 1–3 organisms present in amnionic fluid. These data indicate that ascending colonization of flora from the lower genital tract and inoculation into surgically traumatized tissues usually result in polymicrobial pelvic infection with a predominance of anaerobic pathogens. Moreover, abscess development in these women is probably associated with organisms identified in amnionic fluid. Bacterial isolates from these women are remarkably similar to those from women with other pelvic infections.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Bacterial studies on breast milk collected by an electric suction pump from 44 postpartum mothers were conducted. All samples had bacterial growth, while 84% had organisms identical to those cultured from the mother's nipple. Colony counts varied greatly, with a median of 8700 and mean of nearly 20,000. In 30% of the milk samples, potentially pathogenic organisms were recovered. The significance of these results and collection techniques that might modify these results are discussed.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An animal model is described that demonstrates the development of varying degrees of basal cell hyperplasia, metaplasia, and dysplasia following cervicovaginal herpesvirus hominis type II (HVH-II) infection. Although the study spanned a period of 30 months, the equivalent of 60 human years, there was no evidence of anaplasia. These results are considered in relation to the role of HVH-II as an initiator in the multistep process leading to cervical carcinoma.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An experimental model is described whereby human and monkey cervical tissues may be maintained as organ cultures for 21 and 40 days, respectively. Inclusion of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the culture medium prolongs the survival time of tissues considerably. The sequential cytologic changes associated with herpesvirus hominis type II (HVH-II) infection are reported. These changes are considered in relation to the possible causal role of HVH-II infection in cervical carcinogenesis.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although electron microscopy has been of limited value in detecting malignant neoplasms, some neoplasms do exhibit characteristic ultrastructural features. Intensive study of these features may offer insight into the etiology and activity of such tumors. In an attempt to characterize the ultra-structure of endometrial adenocarcinoma, tissue was examined with the electron microscope and compared with normal postmenopausal endometrium. Endometria from biopsy, hysterectomy, or curettage were processed routinely for light and electron microscopy. Several ultrastructural features of the adenocarcinoma were common both to previous descriptions of endometrium of the postovulatory phase and to the normal postmenopausal endometrium, described here, viz, atypical mitochondrial forms and cell surface modifications. Ribosomes were abundant in adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, normal postmenopausal endometrium, and normal cyclic endometrium in the preovulatory phase.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A material consisting of 23 endometrioid ovarian carcinomas, including 2 rare endometrioid tumors with argyrophil cells, was analyzed clinically and with the use of various histochemical staining methods. Electron microscopy was performed in 3 cases. Apical neutral mucin mixed with sulfate and carboxyl groups was typical for the cells at the light microscopic level, and a prominent Golgi complex with many small secretory vesicles was commonly seen at the ultrastructural level. The nuclei had concentric nuclear bodies and nucleoli with mesh-basket appearance. There was a positive correlation between the grade of differentiation and clinical stage. The corrected 5-year survival rate was 80% in stage I, 50% in stage II, 17% in stage III, and 0% in stage IV; the overall 5-year survival rate was 46%. Signs of increased endometrial estrogen activity were found in 6 of the 12 postmenopausal patients. In the whole series, 6 endometrial carcinomas were found simultaneously with the ovarian carcinoma.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome was produced in rabbits by administration of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Histamine levels in the animals' plasma were determined by an enzymatic-isotopic assay. The results of this study show that there is no statistically significant difference between histamine levels in ovarian hyperstimulated animals as compared with control animals. Furthermore, no differences in the number of mast cells in the ovaries could be demonstrated between the 2 groups. It is concluded that histamine probably does not play a role in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. The relevance of this suggestion to other proposed mechanisms on the etiology of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is discussed.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Placentas spontaneously passed after second-trimester terminations of pregnancy using either hypertonic sodium chloride or hyperosmolar urea plus prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) were examined to determine histologic characteristics. The placentas of hypertonic sodium chloride terminations demonstrated a type of “coagulation necrosis” that has been described previously, while placentas of pregnancies terminated by hyperosmolar urea plus PGF2αshowed a similar pattern in about one half the cases but a histologic pattern of less severe damage in the remaining cases. The 2 groups showed no significant differences when characteristics such as injection-abortion interval or estimated hypertonicity of the fluid were examined.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The midtrimester abortion program at a large community hospital was evaluated. During the 3-year study, 1839 patients aborted in the midtrimester by intraamniotic injection of hypertonic saline, prostaglandin F2αor a combination of saline and prostaglandin F2α. The method, using a combination of saline and prostaglandin F2αtogether with intracervical laminaria, showed significant reduction in the number of failures (4.3 to 1.0%), reduction in the injection-abortion interval from 33.9 to 14.6 hours, shortening of the hospital slay from 21/2 to l1/3 days, minimum incidence of live abortions (0.9%), infrequent need for oxytocin to effect delivery (7.7%); and low rates of hemorrhage (1.5%) and fever (2.8%). The main disadvantage was an increased rate of incomplete abortions (32.3%), which could be reduced to 27% by patient selection.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID