摘要:

The diet of pregnant women has been restricted in various ways since earliest history. Dietary restriction may have severely deleterious effects on the fetus. Our study revealed a positive correlation of prepregnancy weight and pregnancy weight gain to term infant birthweight. Their influences are independent and additive. It is of the utmost importance to the fetus and the future of the human race that the diet of pregnant women contain the caloric value and essential nutrients recommended by the National Research Council.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fifty consecutive obstetric cases have been analyzed in which there was a clear history of either vigorous or reduced fetal activity during the week preceding delivery resulting in the birth of an infant weighing 2.5 kg or less after the 37th week. Especially in such hypertensive pregnancies, a maternal history of reduced overall fetal activity is very suggestive of impending fetal death, while a history of vigorous fetal activity tends to denote that the fetus is in no immediate danger. A plea is made for a greater awareness of this economical “test” of fetal well-being. It is suggested that in some circumstances both impaired fetal growth and reduced fetal activity may be teleologic adaptations to the threat of a negative energy balance.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A new method of continuous fetal heart rate monitoring, employing for cardiotachometry the fetal electrocardiogram obtained from electrodes placed on the maternal abdomen, was evaluated over a period of 26 months at the Lying-in Division of the Boston Hospital for Women. A total of 2160 hours of intrapartum monitoring were analyzed. This “noninvasive” method of fetal ECG-based monitoring was shown to be as accurate as the direct scalp electrode method and more reliable than indirect ultrasound. Useful fetal monitoring, from very early labor up to the time of delivery, was possible in 91% of 507 patients, using maternal skin electrodes alone. Beat-to-beat variability determinations, possibly of significance in evaluating fetoplacental function in the antepartum period, were precise and without the artifactuality of ultrasonic or phonocardiographic methods.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Postartum hemorrhage, occurring in 153 patients, is categorized according to etiology, predisposing conditions, and severity. Ruptured uterus is considered as a cause of postpartum hemorrhage, with an incidence of 7.1% overall and 11.9% in patients with severe hemorrhage. The effectiveness and complications of the uterine pack, used in 33 patients, are evaluated.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serial changes in body composition during pregnancy have been measured in 5 normal and 2 diabetic women on controlled diets to compare with simultaneous measurements of oxygen consumption (Vo2). Total body water (TBW) was measured by D2O dilution, total body fat (TBF) calculated as 100-%TBW/0.732 and body cell mass (BCM) derived from total body40K count by Moore's formula, BCM = K × 8.33. Two normal subjects in caloric equilibrium lost 1.2 kg TBF, gained 5.5 kg TBW and 4.1 kg BCM. Two obese subjects in negative caloric balance lost 4.7 kg TBF, gained 7.3 kg TBW and 4.3 kg BCM. One subject on ad lib diet gained 7.7 kg TBF, 0.6 kg TBW, and 2.6 kg BCM. She continued to gain fat postpartum. Two diabetic subjects gained fat up to 28 weeks, lost it thereafter, and showed no net gain in BCM. Basal Vo2. correlated with BCM, while 24-hour resting Vo2, related in total body weight. It is concluded that fat storage in human pregnancy depends on food intake, as in the nonpregnant. BCM accumulation is independent of food intake, except protein, and depends on normal physiologic adjustments of pregnancy, which are upset by insulin lack in diabetes. The extra basal energy needs of gestation are determined by BCM acquisition, not total body weight.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

During a 5-year time span, 118 addicted women gave birth to viable infants. These patients were subject to an increased incidence of complicating medical problems as well as many obstetric problems leading to maternal or fetal risk. The obstetrician should be aware of the possibility of addiction and its effects on pregnancy, and when possible, appropriate management should be initiated. Intensive care of the neonate must be begun as soon as possible.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of maternal virilization associated with bilateral luteomas of pregnancy is described. Urinary 17-ketosteroids and plasma testosterone fell from markedly abnormal values to normal limits within 2 weeks of delivery. However, symptoms of virilization persisted in the postpartum state. A possible relation between polycystic ovarian syndrome in the nonpregnant state and luteoma of pregnancy is proposed.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although the absence of pituitary response to the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) test has been considered proof of a lesion primarily localized at the pituitary level, the possibility exists that an absent pituitary response may represent only the effect of a chronic deficiency of hypothalamic secretion. To verify this hypothesis, 4 patients with primary amenorrhea, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and deficient or absent response to a 25 μg LHRH rapid IV test were treated with 400 μg LHRH infused in 7 hours during each of 3 successive days. The finding that patients with deficient LH responses to a rapid LHRH test became normally responsive to a second equivalent test after a slow and prolonged treatment with the decapeptide suggests that, in these patients, besides a lesion at the pituitary level, a primary defect at the hypothalamic or higher centers may also be suspected.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A rapid solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) specific for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been used for the measurement of serum hCG activity in patients with molar pregnancy and gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). Serum hCG regression as determined by the specific RIA method after evacuation of uncomplicated molar pregnancy was noted to occur over a longer duration of time than previously reported from this Center using a nonspecific RIA system which measures human luteinizing hormone (hLH) and hCG simultaneously. Therapy for proliferative trophoblastic disease was withheld after evacuation of molar pregnancy while the serum hCG level regressed normally, but was instituted when the serum hCG level rose or plateaued for more than two consecutive weeks. Serum hCG levels in patients requiring chemotherapy for GTD were also more accurately monitored with the specific RIA method than with the nonspecific technic. Therapy was based solely on the hCG titer rather than the subsidence of toxicity, as has been our practice in the past. As a result, the duration of hospitalization, total dose of drug required for remission, and toxic side effects were substantially reduced without sacrificing the effectiveness of chemotherapy.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serum progesterone was estimated by a competitive proteinbinding method in the peripheral venous blood in 12 cases of normal pregnancy at the time of delivery and in maternal venous blood, umbilical venous, and umbilical arterial blood in another 5 cases. Progesterone concentration in the peripheral blood and in the serous fluid of molar vesicles was measured in 18 cases of hydatidiform mole. The theca lutein cyst fluid from 3 patients with hydatidiform mole was also assayed for progesterone. Umbilical cord venous blood and umbilical arterial blood showed a variable concentration of progesterone with a mean fetalmaternal progesterone ratio of 4.7 ± 0.6 and a mean umbilical vein-artery progesterone ratio of 5.7 ± 0.4. Serum progesterone concentration in hydatidiform mole was from 25.0 to 263.2 ng/ml with a mean plus or minus standard error of 101.7 ± 15.2 ng/ml, while the corresponding mole vesicle fluid progesterone concentration ranged from 260.5 to 18.12.0 ng/ml with a mean ± SE of 770.9 ± 87.4 ng/ml. The ratio of progesterone in vesicle fluid and in the serum was 4.0 to 52.8 (mean, 7.6). Progesterone concentrations in the theca lutein cyst fluid from 3 patients with hydatidiform mole were 25,428 ng/ml; 7,635 ng/ml; and 4,686 ng/ml. The high fetal-maternal progesterone ratio and umbilical vein-artery progesterone ratio rellect preferential progesterone transfer to the fetus and utilization by the latter. The finding in hydatidiform mole is due to the absence of the fetus and indicates that the molar trophoblast produced progesterone in significant amounts and that theca lutein cysts have a very high but variable concentration of progesterone in their fluid.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID