ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present research examined the effects of living in an area which had been a target of terrorist activities for a long period, as well as the effects of war, on blood pressure of pregnant women. For this purpose, the blood pressures of 5804 Israeli pregnant women, who gave birth between July 1973 and June 1975 and who had lived in either high, medium or low military stress environments were compared. Blood pressures that were measured immediately before delivery were taken from the delivery record of the pregnant women in the hospital. Results showed that the women in the high stress environment displayed significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, both during the relatively calm period and the period of the Yom Kippur War, than women who lived in the low stress environment. Women who lived in the medium stress area were in between these two groups. War increased the blood pressure in all three environments, but the increase in blood pressure from the calm period to the war period was greater in the high and medium stress environments than in the low stress environment. Results further showed that the younger women displayed greater increase in the systolic blood pressure than the older women. This finding was attributed to the fact that the husbands of the younger women serve in the front lines to a greater extent, which probably induces a higher level of anxiety.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01562.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The concept of ‘psychological well‐being’ (as opposed to ‘psychological disorder’) is considered from the standpoint of George Kelly's personal construct theory (Kelly, 1955). It is argued that the origin of psychological disorder lies in a difficulty in ‘person construing’, with particular reference to ‘self‐construing’. For some (like schizophrenics) this may be a relatively permanent state of affairs, whereas for others it may reflect a temporary crisis or transition. It seems that the ability to maintain a relatively stable, yet flexible, self‐construction may be crucial. Social relationships, however, although potentially validating, also carry the risk of invalidating our self‐construction. An individual's particular response to ‘invalidation’ may be substantially determined by commonality of construing in his particular context, e.g. an adolescent female may turn to slimming whereas a young male may turn to alcohol.Although the theory has proved to be most useful at an explanatory level, it has been applied therapeutically only to a limited extent. It is argued that psychologists may make a greater contribution to the enhancement of psychological well‐being by applying constructive alternativism within a learning or educational context rat

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01563.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Changes in verbal affective expression within sessions of two psychotherapy groups run along group‐analytic lines were measured using the Process Affective Scoring System developed by Gibbard&Hartman (1973). Tape recordings of group sessions were rated by trained undergraduate students for presence or absence of verbal affect. Relationships between these changes and changes in personal construing were sought. Expression of hostility and affection were found to be good predictors of a successful outcome of therapy. Factors which might account for the unexplained variance of changes in outcome variables are put forwar

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01564.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Factor analysis of the Crown‐Crisp Experiential Index (CCEI) is described. Two groups took part in the study; one from a working population (n= 8292) and one from clients attending three Employment Rehabilitation Centres (n= 281). Comparison of the factors obtained from these two groups, and between these and the original CCEI subscales, are reported, together with estimates of reliability. Overall, the results point to the retention of the CCEI as a reliable instrument for measuring psychoneurotic illnes

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01565.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Calenture is a behavioural phenomenon, the predominant symptom being an irresistible impulse of sailors to jump into the sea from their vessels. The original description of this phenomenon was that of ancient Spanish sailors. Psychiatric descriptions of calenture appeared in the 18th and 19th centuries; subsequent psychiatric literature has, however, made no direct reference to calenture. This article describes calenture from a historical and clinical perspective, with discussion of the phenomenon in terms of modern psychological understanding. Some implications are considered, including the possible association with the nautical term ‘missing at sea

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01566.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the recent literature, the presence of thought disorder occurring with depression has been both supported and contradicted. In order to clarify the relationship of thought disorder and depression this study examined three areas of cognitive function in depressed and non‐depressed groups drawn from pain patients and normals. Subjectively, depressed subjects had significant deficits in abstraction, associative tightness, and speed of information processing. Across all subjects, increasing cognitive impairment in all three dimensions correlated significantly with increasing severity of depression. Painper seand analgesics did not account for the results. There were several significant correlations between the cognitive measures, suggesting a general process mediating the thought disorder associated with increasing levels of depression. The results support and extend the known relationship of thought disorder and depressio

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01567.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The literature on the use of written communication in interpretive psychotherapy is reviewed, and a range of possible uses of writing by patients and therapists is described, with some illustration. It is suggested that greater use of writing at some stages of some psychotherapies could be valuable.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01568.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the practice of general psychiatry, art therapy in the form of painting is widely employed. Music and drama similarly provide regular treatment occasions. The use of poetry is less familiar and is little discussed in the literature. This paper reviews a therapeutic liaison, happening largely by chance, which depended almost exclusively upon an exchange of verse. The relationship between the processes of psychotherapy, on the one hand, and the writing and reading of poetry, on the other, is suggested and illustrated by the patient's writings. It may be that good poetry, like successful psychotherapy, arises from disturbed emotions only when they are given resolution and form. Exceptionally the two go hand‐in‐h

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01569.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1983.tb01570.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY