摘要:

Of 36 married female agoraphobics treated by the author over a period of 3 years, seven were married to men who displayed abnormal jealousy. In all these cases the husbands‘ jealousy adversely influenced their wives’ response to treatment, and improvement in wives was associated with increased morbidity in their husba

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02500.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bannister and Salmon (1966), in a repertory grid study, reported that ‘thought‐disordered schizophrenics lost significantly more reliability and social agreement when shifted from object to people construing than normals’. This conclusion is of doubtful validity, since the between‐grids variable, people vs. objects, was confounded with at least five other variables of possible relevance, three of which have been found by subsequent workers (McPherson&Buckley, 1970; Williams, 1971; Heather, 1976) to affect performance on grids. The main aim of the present experiment was to determine the effects of as many as possible of these variables. The subsidiary aim was to replicate, or otherwise, the findings of Frith&Lillie (1972) and Haynes&Phillips (1973) that the effective discriminator between thought‐disordered schizophrenics and other groups on repertory grid tests is not intensity of relationship between constructs but pure (element or internal) consistency.Six grids involving all feasible combinations of rating familiar and unfamiliar people and objects on psychological and physical constructs were administered to 10 thought‐disordered schizophrenics, 10 non‐thought‐disordered schizophrenics and 10 normals. As regards the main aim of the experiment it was found that there was no significant grids x diagnoses interaction on pure consistency, but that there was one on intensity, even with pure consistency partialled out. Taking previous work into consideration, it appears that this effect is weak, inconsistent from experiment to experiment, and anomalous in the present study. As regards the subsidiary aim, the findings of the two previous experiments cited above were confirmed. The discrepant results of McPhersonet al.(1973) are considered, and it is noted that they held only for a subsample of the schizophrenic group in that experiment, the results for the total sample of schizophrenics, manics and depressives not being inconsistent with those of other experiments.The theoretical and practical implications of these and previous finding

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02501.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The study evaluated the relationship between therapist personality and treatment success for 141 schizophrenics and 94 non‐schizophrenics randomly assigned to short or long hospitalization. The 47 therapists were self‐rated on the Whitehorn‐BetzA‐Bscale in both the original and the Campbell versions. Outcome was assessed on the Health‐Sickness Rating Scale and the Psychiatric Evaluation Form at discharge and at 1 and 2 year follow‐up. The hypothesis of greater success for A‐type therapists with schizophrenics was not confirmed, nor were alternative relationships eviden

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02502.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports a re‐evaluation of seven sets of findings appearing in the research literature. The findings were derived from questionnaire studies of feelings of guilt and other feelings in diagnosed depressives and other psychiatric groups. The publications did not provide sufficient information to evaluate important inconsistencies in the findings. However, an examination of the structure and content of the questionnaires which were used made it possible to account for the discrepancies. There were three main conclusions. The first was that the only way to minimize the ambiguity of questionnaire responses was to avoid the use of multiple‐item scales and only to use single‐item questions which were constructed as simply as possible. The second was that depressives were not much different from other people in the degree of outwardly and inwardly directed hostility. The third was that, while guilt feelings, with certain provisos, tended to be associated with the diagnosis of depression, other feelings appeared to be both more prominent in and more strongly associated with depression. These feelings consisted of increments in feelings of loss, in the most general sense of the word, and decrements in general positive pleasant fee

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02503.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eighteen female out‐patients suffering from chronic anxiety states and 25 normal women matched for age filled in an anxiety inventory and completed semantic differential forms on 21 concepts grouped into four areas: characters, locations, human interactions and abstractions. Each concept was rated on 15 scales grouped into four types: evaluation, activity‐potency, sex evaluation and danger. The normal subjects were divided into high anxiety and low anxiety subgroups on the basis of their trait anxiety scores.Anxious patients rated themselves with lower self‐esteem and confidence. They reacted with apprehension to unfamiliar locations and perceived danger in other people. Sexual activity and the human body were viewed negatively. Anxious patients' apprehensions were particularly raised by vague abstrac

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02504.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02505.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The classification of depression remains controversial (Kendell, 1976). Overallet al.(1966) used the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), a computer classification procedure and derived three depressed groups: anxious, hostile and retarded depressives. Paykel (1971, 1972) reported four groups derived from a multivariate cluster analysis: psychotic depressives and ‘… three groups, anxious, hostile and young depressives with personality disorder, from the diversity of patients subsumed under neurotic depression’. Amongst 85 women treated with amitriptyline ‘this typology predicted outcome significantly’. This paper presents the results of a cluster analysis of a group of 60 female out‐patient neurotic

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02506.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper gives four main lines of evidence to support the view that it is too simple to view sexual deviance as a problem of deviant arousal only. Firstly, clinical experience leaves the clear impression that sex offenders are not stable, well‐adjusted men with a sexual arousal problem, but have difficulties in many areas of their lives. Secondly, research on human sexuality has resulted in a greater appreciation of the complexities of sexual behaviour. It is inconsistent to accept that ‘normal’ sexual behaviour is complex and varied but maintain that deviant sexual behaviour is just an inappropriate penile response. Thirdly, treatment studies aimed at modifying homosexual behaviour have found that changes in heterosexual measures are the most important. This suggests that for sex offenders most attention should be paid to increasing non‐deviant arousal and interests. Fourthly, studies of sex offenders have consistently reported that they experience a wide variety of problems. It is unrealistic to consider the problem of deviant sexual behaviour in isolation from these other problems.It follows that comprehensive treatment programmes will be necessary, covering such problems as sexual dysfunction, anxiety, deficient social skills, inadequate sexual knowledge, poor self‐control, lack of non‐deviant sexual arousal as well as the presence of deviant sex

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02507.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Structured brief psychotherapy is a method of organizing treatment along problem‐solving lines. The features of this method are the selection of problem areas, the translation of insight into specific activity, the structuring of psychodynamics and a concentration on termination events. The method is illustrated by clinical example

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02508.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This description of the marital therapy of a couple treated conjointly by the authors illustrates the profound effects of the couple's childhood experiences of their respective parents' relationships on their own subsequent marriage. The precipitating effect of the birth of the child in the marriage in awakening dormant unconscious conflicts stemming from these early experiences also emerges in the history of the couple and in the material of the therapeutic sessions.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02509.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY