摘要:

Since the pioneering work of Balint (1964; Balint&Norell, 1973) there has been little empirical study of general medical practitioners' psychological treatment of patients presenting with emotional problems. In this study 88 patients presenting to GPs for help with emotional problems were interviewed at home about their experiences of their consultations with the GPs. Their audiotaped consultations were then analysed using four different coding systems: a content coding system devised for the study, two verbal response mode systems (Byrne&Long, 1976; Stiles, 1982), and ratings of the doctor's empathic understanding and concern and warmth. Less than half the average consultation was found to comprise psychological treatment broadly defined as any discussion and listening to patients' psychosocial concerns. Although psychological treatment generally was associated with positive patient experiences, the strongest effects found were for listening interactions (where patients described their problems in their own words with non‐directive encouragement from the doctor) and for rated doctor empathy. The results are discussed in relation to the work of Balint (1964) and associated findings in empirical studies of psychotherap

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01854.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This research examined the influences of social circumstances, coping and level and length of drug intake on dependence and withdrawal from benzodiazepine use. A sample of long‐term benzodiazepine users were followed up over a period of six months. At first interview the participants' drug intake and anxiety and depression levels were established and the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule (LEDS) was administered. At follow up these measures were repeated and individuals' coping strategies for dealing with dependence were also assessed. By the time of the follow‐up interview slightly more than half of the participants (57 per cent) had either withdrawn completely from benzodiazepine medication or had reduced their daily dose. Analyses showed that reduction was unrelated to factors associated with the drugs themselves, to the severity of life‐events and difficulties, to lessening of difficulties or to the occurrence of positive life‐events. Significant associations, however, were found between participants' coping responses in relation to long‐term benzodiazepine use and the individuals' reduction or cessation of benzodiazepine use in the six month study period. The study showed that in the absence of positive life‐events and in spite of ongoing difficulties actively confronting the problems of benzodiazepine use can have a positive effect on outcome. The findings suggest that interventions which encourage cognitive, behavioural and affective aspects of coping are those which would appear to be most likely

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01855.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Clinical issues arising in the cognitive analytic therapy (CAT; Ryle, 1990) are described for seven sexually abused women who committed violent offences against their partners in intimate relationships. Two principal findings are reported; firstly, support is provided for the original hypothesis of Pollock&Kear‐Colwell (1994) in that, following the offence, the women perceived themselves as ‘guilty aggressors’ and disavowed the role of their own victimization in the commission of the offence; secondly, psychometric data suggested that dissociative states were reported as common experiences for the women before, during and after the offence. The relationship between the abusing‐victimized reciprocal role procedure, affective functioning, dissociative states and violent acts is discussed. Themes encountered in the application of CAT for these women are described and a case report is used to illustrate specific treatment

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01856.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ogden's proposed addition of the ‘autistic‐contiguous’ position to the existing P–S and D positions is critically examined. It is concluded that it is not an equivalent concept to the existing positions. The case vignettes offered by Ogden as illustrations of his proposed position are analysed and doubt is thrown on the way in which interpretations may be used to elicit apparent confirmation of theoretical po

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01857.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The objective was to apply the ‘trans‐theoretical’ model of change to a group of patients with eating disorders. Patients were studied in an in‐patient setting. Two sets of questionnaires were used, one to assess ‘stage’ of change, the other to measure the ‘processes’ used to achieve change. Three stages and eight processes were examined. Thirty‐five patients completed the study. Highest scores were found in the contemplation, and lowest in the precontemplation stage, Tile most frequently used processes of change were self‐reevaluation, helping relationships and consciousness raising, with different processes predominating at different stages. Covariance analysis supported an association between two latent variables ‘stage’ and ‘process’. Despite the limitations of small numbers, our results are in broad agreement with others using the ‘trans‐theoretical’ model, supporting its use in eating disorders. Although further work is necessary, the model suggests a way of thinking about helping this very ambivalent group of patient

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01858.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The sinking of the car ferry,Estonia, was one of the world's most devastating marine disasters that has ever occurred in peace time. Altogether 138 passengers and crew members were rescued, and 38 of them were taken to the Turku University Central Hospital in Finland. The present article describes the various psychological reactions among the survivors during the first three days of the recoil phase.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01859.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Separation and social anxiety have often been seen to relate to different social fears. This paper outlines a pilot study on a short separation and social anxiety scale in relationship to depression. Results suggest an acceptable factor structure and reliability. Both separation and social anxiety were found to be associated with depression and submissive behaviour. The association of social anxiety to depression was particularly strong in a depressed group.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01860.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01861.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Healing Research: Holistic Energy, Medicine and Spirituality.Volume 1:Research in Healing.ByDaniel J. Benor.Demystifying Therapy.ByErnesto Spinelli.Making the Patient your Partner: Communication Skills for Doctors and other Caregivers.ByT. Gordon&W. S. Edwards.The Secrets of Musical Confidence: How to Maximise your Performance Potential.ByAndrew Evans.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01862.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY