摘要:

Schizophrenics (12 males), borderline patients (12 males), and self‐selected normal controls (11 males, 17 females) were compared using PORT (Percept‐genetic Object‐Relation Test), a projective test, diagnosis being on the basis of DSM‐III and Kernberg's six descriptive borderline criteria. The aim of the study was to compare the three groups in order to distinguish the two clinical groups from the control group, but also to distinguish the borderlines from the schizophrenic patients with specified diagnosis. The two patient groups differed from the controls on 15 different PORT signs/patterns. In addition, the borderline patients and the three schizophrenics of unspecified diagnosis showed signs in PORT of dissolution anxiety, splitting, whole configuration (fusion) and sexualization as defence, which the schizophrenics with specified diagnosis did not, although catatonic/hebephrenic, simplex, and paranoid schizophrenics could be distinguished in the test. Characteristic of the schizophrenics was also diffusion of domains of object relationships. In a blind prediction study with PORT involving five male and five female patients with severe psychiatric disorders (diagnosed by DSM‐III‐R), borderline patients could also be distinguished satisfactorily from sch

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It has long been supposed that there is a connection between the mental processes of psychosis and those of creativity. The present study aimed to investigate this idea by means of a comparison between the poetic output of psychotics and that of normals, taking as its starting‐point the notion that if there are observable differences between these two groups in terms of subject matter and linguistic features, this would suggest that creativity and psychosis are not to be identified with each other. Eighty poems by contemporary, non‐professional poets (40 by psychotics and 40 by normals) were analysed on 11 different dimensions. The two samples of poems were highly similar on most of the dimensions investigated. The main differences found were in the incidence of self‐analysis as a theme, reference to proper names and specific locations, and in the proportion of metaphors which fell into the category ‘psychological/physical’. The two latter differences appeared to be largely a product of the first. It was concluded that although ‘normal’ and ‘psychotic’ poetic activities are not identical, they are closely related. This may be either because general poetic creativity does have psychotic features, or because the poetic function of language was relatively spared in at least this sam

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Life‐events have been implicated in the onset and course of various illnesses. The present study examined their role in chronic fatigue syndrome, in the context of the ongoing illness. Using the PERI list, events experienced during the past year were elicited in interviews with 130 patients. The analyses were restricted to those events implying moderate or major life change, and separate analyses were carried out for positive and negative events. Positive events were found to be associated with lower scores for fatigue, impairment, anxiety and depression, as assessed at the time of the life‐events interview, and these relationships were also significant when prior scores at the beginning of the year were statistically controlled. Negative life‐events were associated with higher anxiety, but were unrelated to the other measures. It was concluded that positive life‐events and experiences may contribute to the process of recovery in chronic fatigue syndrome, though their occurrence may also be facilitated by a preceding lifting of s

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent literature has been concerned with the relationship between life‐events and psychological symptoms, and more particularly studies of communities subsequent to disasters have suggested the presence of intrusive cognitions to be a mediating variable. In this investigation new patients presenting to a general community psychiatric clinic over a four‐month period completed a brief life‐event scale, the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and the 28‐item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Appropriate statistical methods were employed to model the intervening role of IES scores between numbers of life‐events and subsequent psychiatric symptomatology. Data was collected on 48 subjects, for whom it was shown that IES score accounted for the reporting of psychiatric symptoms following adversity. It appeared to be the dimension of cognitive intrusion that mediated this effect, with cognitive avoidance occupying a subsidiary, reactive role. There was also evidence of specific relationships between intrusion and anxiety and somatic subscales of the GHQ, and between avoidance and depression. Despite small numbers and simple measures, the findings supported the post‐disaster studies, and raises further questions about the emotional processing o

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A dangerous outbreak of fire setting occurred on two wards of a Bristol Psychiatric Hospital, in which six patients set eight fires over a five‐week period. One was the Intensive Care Unit, the other an admission ward serving the inner city of Bristol. Five of the six patients had moved between the two wards. The sequence of fires is in part explained by ‘copycat’ behaviour. The fires were set at a time when the hospital was particularly vulnerable because of major service changes. We emphasize the institutional and situational variables that led to disturbed behaviour in a vulnerable group of individuals, with inadequate controls over tension and an

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies have shown that medical illness in those with psychiatric illness often exacerbates symptoms (Hallet al., 1981). This paper reports the case of a 53‐year‐old Chinese American woman with schizo‐affective disorder who surprisingly had a remission in psychiatric symptoms on discovering she had ovarian c

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports data on the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP; Horowitz, Rosenberg, Baer, Ureño&Villaseñor, 1988) obtained from a UK inner city sample of 286 out‐patient clients presenting for cognitive analytic therapy or treatment in a sexual dysfunction clinic. The results are compared with those of Barkham, Hardy&Startup (1994): only moderate replication of their eight components in the raw data, and four bipolar components from analysis of ipsatized data were found. Split halves of the data were analysed and compared in order to explore the possible influences of clinical and demographic variables on the component struct

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Understanding the Family.Edited byJ. Muncie, M. Wetherell, R. Dallos&A. Cochrane.Contemporary Families: A Sociological View.ByR. J. Gelles.Cognitive‐Behavioural Therapy of Schizophrenia.ByD. Kingdon&D. Turkington.Human Feelings: Explorations in Affect Development and Meaning.Edited byS. L. Ablon, D. Brown, E. J. Khantzian&J. E. Mac

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY