摘要:

This study investigated the psychological consequences of genital herpes among 42 men and women. The impact of the disease was assessed relative to five life‐areas: sexual functioning, interpersonal relationships, emotional responses, self‐concept, and work or school performance. The impact of genital herpes can be best understood when placed in the context of (1) the ethical issues raised by the disease, (2) the individual sufferer's personal development, psychodynamics and self‐concept, and (3) the meaning which genital herpes has come to have in society. It was found that for some individuals this illness produces psychological reactions of sufficient severity to warrant psychotherapeutic interve

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02647.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Interviews were carried out with a sample of women before they were invited to attend a class teaching breast self‐examination (BSE), and then again a year later. Two‐stage interviews were also carried out with a sample of women in a control district. This enabled an evaluation of the effectiveness of the class by comparing the changes in BSE practice over the year amongst those who attended the class, those who declined to attend the class and those in the control district. Those who attended the class showed a more marked improvement in BSE practice, particularly in the technique used, compared with the non‐attenders and those in the control district. This finding was still evident even after a range of possible confounding factors was taken into account. Further analyses showed that beliefs about the value of BSE were the strongest predictors of changes in BSE pra

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02648.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Counter‐transference, investigated and described as a powerful technique in individual psychoanalytic psychotherapy, has been less extensively studied in the psychodynamically oriented milieu therapy of more regressed patients. Features of the setting of the psychodynamic milieu are suggested which foster the use of the staff's counter‐transference (evoked feelings) as a therapeutic tool. Several clinical examples are given which highlight the features necessary (1) to create a moment of illusion for the patient; (2) to create an observational frame of reference for the staff; (3) to clarify when certain intra‐staff differences about the patient's therapy reflect the patient's re‐creation of intrapsychic lacunae or conflicts among the staff.The importance of action is discussed as a means of communication for regressed patients. This concept is reconciled with Loewald's stance that feelings and actions should be represented in words. A developmental hierarchy of interpretation is suggested which involves several levels of action, through levels of symbol. A review of the literature supports this hierarchy.Both in the consulting room and in the psychodynamic milieu, the phenomenon of evoked feelings (counter‐transference) offers an interface between two sets of internal laws: the therapist's and the patient's. The therapist's task is to treat these two sets of laws with mutual respect, offering the patient an opportunity to experience a successful autonomous act, that is, affecting his or her therapist. This concept, when extended to the psychodynamic milieu, treats the milieu as a social organism that requires ongoing observation and revision by all its par

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02649.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sixteen of the depressed patients and nine of the manic patients, who were studied by Ashworthet al. (1982), were retested after clinical recovery. As on the previous occasion, each patient completed a repertory grid whose 10 elements were role titles and which employed 12 elicited constructs and one provided construct. After principal component analysis of each grid, various measures of cognitive structure and perception of self were derived. Whereas in the previous study the clinically depressed and manic patients had differed from one another, and usually also from normals, on ‘cognitive simplicity’, ‘integration of self and others’ and ‘self‐esteem’, after recovery these differences had disappeared although there was a tendency for the previously depressed patients to view themselves as different from other people, and for the previously manic patients to have abnormally high self‐esteem. However, for the most part, the cognitive abnormalities and features identified in the earlier study appear to have reflected the patients’ clinical status rather than more permanent aspects

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Discriminant analyses, attempting to predict the Type A behaviour categorization achieved by means of the Structured Interview (SI), were carried out on the responses of 93 British males to the Jenkins Activity Survey and the Framingham Scale, together with information regarding their smoking habits, alcohol consumption, tea and coffee drinking and obesity levels, all of which have been suggested as risk factors for coronary heart disease. Where classification agreements with the SI were found to be above 50 per cent, classification functions based on the discriminant analyses were calculated from the responses of 36 additional male subjects. The actual SI categories were compared with the predicted categories for this second subject group. The results indicated that no reliable and robust alternative was available to predict the SI categorization. The implications of these results for the substitution of the SI by self‐report questionnaires are discusse

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02651.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Beliefs, myths, and literary expressions of men's fear of female genitals are reviewed. Both clinical evidence and folklore provide evidence that men imagine female genitals not only as a source of pleasure and attraction, but also as a source of danger in a very physical sense. Thevagina dentatamyth has many versions, including some modern ones, and its message is always the same: an awesome danger emanating from a woman's body. The prevalence of such feelings in folklore and in literature is noted.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02652.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Therapists have been found to have more favourable expectations of clients from similar social class backgrounds than of clients from dissimilar social class origins. This relationship is unlikely to be simple. Cognitive variables most probably function as mediators between social class and expectations about therapeutic benefit. In particular, it was hypothesized that the variable, locus of control, would mediate therapists clinical expectations. Two studies, involving clinical psychologists, tested this prediction. Therapists were asked to estimate their likely success with clients presented in the form of vignettes and role plays. The vignettes and role plays depicted the social class and locus of control of clients. Results indicate that there was a significant interaction between client's and therapist's locus of control in relation to therapists’ judgements of therapeutic succes

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02653.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study addressed the cognitive processes associated with eating restraint, a subclinical form of disordered eating marked by chronic dietary consciousness, food deprivation and binging‐purging. Results of a repertory grid testing of 68 college women indicated that higher levels of restraint were related to more negative and simplistic self‐schema. Findings are interpreted as suggesting the importance of considering possible cognitive – as well as behavioural and affective – components in the treatment of disordered eating. This interpretation is discussed in relation to an account of disordered eating based on Kelly's (1955) personal construct theory and treatment implications ar

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02654.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bowlby describes premature parental behaviour in children when discussing the inversion of parent‐child relationships. Normal parental behaviour in children is discussed. Pathological parental behaviour in children is viewed as basically elicited by the weak, infantile aspects of parents. A case history is presented. Premature parental behaviour is viewed as one of several binding mechanisms which may keep a child tied to his/her family of origi

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02655.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty‐eight children playing or observing a soccer game were the victims of a lightning strike which killed one other child. Interviews with the children and their families documented a number of emotional effects of this disaster, chiefly situational adjustment reactions. The most common reactions involved anxiety, particularly at times of storms. However, the most severely upset children exhibited sleep disturbances, separation anxiety, and nocturnal enuresis. One of two side‐flash victims experienced depression for several months; the other experienced no significant emotional upset. Both suffered medical complications and had no memory for the incident. While all children reached at follow‐up were doing quite well, those who were most upset by the incident were more likely to refuse to play soccer during the follow‐up interval. Stories told to pictures of lightning revealed projections of the children's emotional upset, various defensive reactions to the incident and an increased sense of subjective probability for lightning i

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02656.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY