摘要:

The increasing prominence of health psychology has been paralleled by developments in the study of the psychology of health‐related exercise. Evidence has been amassed which supports the efficacy of regular physical activity in reducing the risks of some debilitating health conditions such as coronary heart disease and obesity, as well as the promotion of physical function and mental well‐being. The significance of exercise as a health‐related behaviour has brought to the fore the need to address motivational problems associated with its adoption and maintenance. In this respect, exercise psychology research would appear to provide potential for guiding significant public health initiatives. This paper addresses the issues of exercise and mental health and exercise motivation with a view to highlighting key sections of the exercise psychology literature for health and medical psycholo

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02829.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Counter‐transference can be conceived of as being composed of two components: therapist‐induced counter‐transference (TIC), and client‐induced counter‐transference (CIC). These components are mostly intertwined into combined countertransference. One of the foremost tasks of the supervisor is to help the therapist to analyse counter‐transference, when encountered in the combined form, into its contributing components in order to apply each component in accordance with its defining origin.Strong transferential forces, that are independent of the specific contents of the therapy, are generated inside the supervisory situation, manifesting themselves, sometimes destructively so, in the therapy (parallel process in reverse). In order to forestall this destructive effect, these forces ought to be interpreted by the supervisor to the supervisee inside the supervisory situation.In order to gauge the extent of such interpretations as well as those of other dynamic manifestations in supervision, the supervisory situation is compared to therapy administered to the therapeutic coupleex parte.The situation of the supervisorvis‐à‐visthe patient is b

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02830.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

While the association between Type A behaviour pattern and coronary heart disease (CHD) has been abundantly investigated, the question of the specificity of this association remains virtually unexplored. The present study addressed this question by examining, in a sample of 1949 male and female adults, the relationship between JAS Type A measurement and self‐reported diseases (i.e. CHD, scarlatina, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, diseases of the liver, diseases of the gall‐bladder, thyroid troubles, tuberculosis, peptic ulcer, renal disease, hypertension and diabetes). Type A subjects were found to report not only more CHD, but also more peptic ulcers, thyroid problems, asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Globally, more Type A than Type B subjects reported having been ill, and the average number of reported diseases per person was higher among Type As than among Type Bs. These results were obtained in spite of the fact that Type A subjects in this study were markedly younger than Type Bs, and in spite of the empirically based reputation of the former to be symptom deniers rather than symptom reporters. Overall, the data supported the view that Type A behaviour pattern is a general disease‐prone condition rather than merely a specific coronary risk f

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02831.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents a pilot study of the treatment of atopic eczema using a cognitive‐behavioural approach involving self‐monitoring of eczema severity, recording both internal (cognitive) and environmental antecedent trigger stimuli to flare‐ups, and relaxation using imagery and habit reversal. Three patients are presented suffering from chronic atopic eczema. Although each differed in personality, complexity and severity of atopic eczema, all three showed a post‐treatment reduction in symptom severity, an increase in their ability to control the disorder and a decrease in their reliance on medication. It is argued that although the cognitive–behavioural approach used did provide a useful conceptual framework for implementing the treatments described, certain aspects of these cases could also usefully be understood in more psychodynamic terms. A controlled trial is necessary to evaluate the relative importance of the different components of treatment reported in this pi

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Little attention has been paid to psychiatric patients' views on their treatment in the medical literature. We carried out a consumer survey of 99 in‐patients at an inner London psychiatric hospital. Patients were asked to rate 10 non‐treatment and treatment items. Most highly regarded was being free to leave the ward. Of the treatment items, talking to a member of staff was found to be most helpful. The relationships between different items and patient variables such as voluntary versus involuntary status, age and diagnosis are discussed. Sex and number of previous admissions exerted only minor effects. The results are compared with other studies and more work in this area is recommended in order to improve hospital c

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The clinical picture of hypochondriasis is clear, the psychopathological structure less so. Hypochondriasis is characterized by a particular kind of acting out, basically medical, which in turn is likely to evoke medical counter‐acting out on the part of the therapist. Acting out may be ‘broad', as a character trait, and ‘narrow', in close connection with the psychotherapeutic process. The medical acting out of the hypochondriac, ‘broad’ prior to therapy and occurring outside of the therapy situation, in the course of therapy becomes ‘narrow’ and contained within the boundari

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents findings on the association between ‘expressed emotion’ (EE) and a number of factors previously investigated in relationship to caregivers of the dementing elderly. Frequency of critical comments (expressed emotion) was correlated with a number of supporter and dependant characteristics, variables within the relationship between caregivers and their dementing relatives, and help from professionals. The analysis revealed significant correlations between EE and sex of caregiver, caregivers' psychological well‐being, contact with friends and the quality of the relationship between the caregiver and dementing relative. The dementing relatives' level of impairment, age and sex were not significantly correlated with EE, nor was help from the services. Also, those most critical of their dementing relatives were not more likely to express a preference for institutional

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Attitudes towards mild and severe mental handicap were examined, as well as whether these attitudes are influenced by social class, sex, religiosity, and order of questionnaire presentation. A second concern was the effect on these attitudes of country of origin, namely Israeli Jews of Western, Yemenite, and Iraqi origin. A random sample of 360 adults completed the Jordan six‐dimensional attitude scale on mental handicap. There was a more positive attitude to mild than to severe mental handicap. None of the remaining variables ‐ including country of origin ‐ affected the atti

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02836.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Parental overprotection has often been clinically associated with the psychological maladjustment of children with a chronic disease. The purpose of this study was to examine parental care and overprotection in children with cystic fibrosis compared to healthy controls. Results indicated no differences in the level of parental care or overprotection between controls and children with cystic fibrosis. However, a number of significant correlations were found between parental care and overprotection and children's psychosocial functioning. In particular, positive correlations were found between parental overprotection and poor psychosocial functioning in children with cystic fibrosis, whereas, poor psychosocial functioning in healthy children was associated with lack of parental care. Parental overprotection and care appear to play important roles in the emotional and psychological functioning of healthy and chronically ill children.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:The Child's World of Illness: The Development of Health and Illness Behaviour.ByS. R. Wilkinson.Developing Ericksonian Therapy: State of the Art.Edited byJ. K. Zeig&S. R. Lankton.Brief Psychotherapies: Changing Frames of Mind.ByT. H. Peake, C. M. Borduin&R. P. Archer.Clues: Investigating Solutions in Brief Therapy.ByS. de Shazer.Group Therapy in Britain.Edited byM. Aveline&W. Dryden.The Technique and Practice of Object Relations Family Therapy.ByS. Slipp.A Safer Death: Multidisciplinary Aspects of Terminal Care.Edited byA.&S. Gilmore.Infertility Services ‐ A Desperate Case. By N. Pfeffer&A. Quick.AIDS: A Guide to Clinical Counselling.ByR. Miller&R. Bor.The Macmillan Dictionary of Psychology.ByS. Sutherland.Healing the Incest Wound: Adult Survivors in Therapy.ByC. A. Courtois.The Healing Brain: A Radical New Approach to Health Care.ByR. Ornstein&D. Sobel.Developments in Rational‐Emotive Therapy.Edited byW. Dryden&P. Trower.Infertility and Pregnancy Loss.ByC. H. Shapiro.Social Fabrics of the Mind.Edited byM. R. A. Chance.Handbook of Life Stress, Cognition and Health.Edited byS. Fisher&J. Rea

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY