摘要:

This paper proposes a new technique for diagnosing and treating conflict in adult patients. Referred to as previewing, the technique is grounded in the developmental progression from somatic modes of representation to symbolic modes of representation. During early life, infants experience the world primarily through sensory phenomena. Later in childhood, however, symbolic modes of representation become pre‐eminent. The manner in which an individual represents conflict reflects this developmental progression. For example, if the patient manifests a psychosomatic symptom, it is likely that the conflict has been represented on a physical level and thus emerges in somatic form; if the conflict is expressed as a metaphor, however, it has probably been represented on a cognitive level and thus emerges as a symbol. Previewing, a technique derived from early life interaction between mother and infant, incorporates both the somatic and symbolic components of psychological disorganization and may therefore be of benefit in psychotherap

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01757.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The paper concerns individuals who, as children, were asked to provide comprehensive psychological support for their family of origin. They cared for others before being taken care of themselves. They took on adult responsibilities from a very young age with the result of missing important aspects of their childhood. They became very sensitive and responsive to the needs of their parents and tried desperately to protect and stabilize their chaotic, angry and erratic families. They were anxious, depressed and crushed by the assumption of a role that was clearly beyond their abilities. The Atlas personalities retained their excessive sensitivity and concern for the emotional well‐being of others into their adult life. As adults, they were persistently depressed and anxious and unaware of their own need

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01758.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During the recent Gulf War a mental health team was set up to deal with immediate stress reactions and to help prevent future difficulties in a group of a few hundred temporarily relocated evacuees from a working‐ and lower‐class suburb of Tel Aviv, Israel. The contextually specific acute stress reaction syndrome observed in the affected population is described. A conceptualization was formulated which served the staff to deal with the problems that arose during this period. Concepts such as potential space, stranger anxiety, environment mother, triangulation in families in conflict, disruption of continuity, and holding and containing were integrated in order to illuminate some aspects of the stressful situation and to deal with problems that arose. The reactions of the mental health professionals to the situation and the relationships of the team with the evacuees and with their colleagues are discus

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines the relationship between employment status and psychological well‐being for a sample of British Asians; and explores the role of religiosity both as a direct predictor of well‐being and as a moderator of the impact of unemployment. Two samples of male employed (N= 69) and unemployed (N= 71) British Asians were interviewed, selected to be equivalent in age and a number of demographic variables. Findings showed poorer psychological well‐being for the unemployed group, and especially for those of middle age; thus replicating findings for white groups. Furthermore, the hypothesis of religiosity as buffering the impact of unemployment was confirmed. Results are interpreted in terms of transactional models of stress, and the benefits of religious belief and practice for unemployed people of Asian background are disc

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01760.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aims of the study were (1) to compare the defence style of patients with anorexia nervosa with that of patients with bulimia nervosa and of female controls; (2) to establish whether a link exists between childhood adversity and adult defence style in eating disorder patients. Twenty‐six patients with restricting anorexia nervosa (RAN), 61 patients with bulimia nervosa (BN), 37 patients with bulimic anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa with a history of anorexia nervosa (BAN/BN‐HistAN) and 88 female controls were given the short Defense Style questionnaire (Andrews, Pollock&Stewart, 1989). Eating disorder patients were asked about their childhood care using a semi‐structured interview (Harris, Brown&Bifulco, 1986). Bulimia nervosa patients had a significantly less mature defence style than the other groups and like the BAN/BN‐HistAN group more immature defences than the control group. In the RAN group no childhood predictors of adult defence style were found, whereas in bulimia nervosa, excessive parental control during childhood was a negative predictor of mature defences and physical abuse a positive predictor of immature defence style. These results provide some evidence that childhood adversity may constitute a vulnerability factor for the later development of bulimia nervosa, mediated by personality deve

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01761.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The loss of a pregnancy in the first trimester is a common event and recent research has identified high levels of psychological distress amongst women who have miscarried. We believe this study is the first to examine the phenomenon from a longitudinal perspective using standardized measures. A sample of 65 women was rated for anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at intervals of one, six and 12 weeks following early miscarriage. The results indicate that a large proportion of the sample had clinically important levels of anxiety (41 per cent) and depression (22 per cent) in the first week following miscarriage, which declined to 32 per cent and 6 per cent respectively by the 12th week. No association was observed between levels of psychological morbidity and a number of social and obstetric variables, the only exception being whether or not the pregnancy had been planned. These results are discussed with reference to the relevant literature. The possible implications for further research and clinical practice are addressed.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01762.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An experiment was conducted on recall bias between words relating to stimulus and response aspects of spider phobia. In contrast to the experiment of Watts&Coyle (1992) mixed lists were used. Whereas Watts&Coyle had found no bias of phobics between stimulus and response words, the present experiment found that phobics were relatively impaired in the recall of words relating to the anxiety response, compared with words relating to the stimulus features of spiders. This suggests a cognitive mechanism, not unlike repression, in which diminished recall of anxiety‐related material helps to protect against the build‐up of anxiety. Also, over the three times the word list was presented, phobics showed a non‐significant trend to forget more stimulus words between lists. It is recommended that future studies on recall bias associated with anxiety should examine trial‐to‐trial changes as well as overall reca

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01763.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We attempted to replicate and extend the findings of three previous studies (Evans&Edgerton, 1991; Evans, Pitts&Smith, 1988; Stone, Reed&Neale, 1987) that found a lagged relationship between daily life events, mood and the onset of episodes of respiratory illness. The findings and methods of the three previous studies are reviewed, and similarities and differences in their analytic approaches are discussed. Seventy‐nine middle‐aged male subjects completed daily records of life events, mood and symptoms for an average of 83 days. Twenty‐three men suffered at least one illness episode that met our selection criteria. Using the methodology of Stoneet al.(1987) and Evanset al.(1988), we were unable to detect a relationship between daily events or mood and the onset of illness episodes. The necessity of standardizing procedures of defining illness episodes and control days and the importance of including analyses of variables that may mediate the relationship between events and illness are disc

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01764.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Diagnostic Criteria for Functional Psychoses, 2nd ed.ByP. Berner, E. Gabriel, H. Katsehnig, W. Kieffer, K. Koehler, G. Lenz, D. Nutzinger, H. Schonda&C. Simhandl.Community Psychology: Theory and Practice.ByJ. Orford. ChichesterThe Effect of Children on Parents.ByAnne‐Marie Ambert.Families that Abuse: Diagnosis and Therapy.ByS. Cirillo&P. DiBlasio.Psychoanalytic Counselling.ByM. J. Patton&N. M. Meara.Ignatius of Loyola: The Psychology of a Saint.ByW. W. Meissner.Live Company: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy with Autistic, Borderline, Deprived and Abused Children.ByAnne Alvarez.The Intimate Edge. Extending the Reach of Psychoanalytic Interaction.ByDarlene Ehrenber

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01765.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY