摘要:

Sensorineural hearing loss is characterized by a relatively well defined set of audiological signs and symptoms such as elevated thresholds, abnormally rapid loudness growth, subjective tinnitus, poor speech discrimination, and a reduction in temporal summation of acoustic energy. Knowledge of the underlying neural mechanisms responsible for some of these auditory distortions has progressed substantially within the past 10 yrs as a result of physiological studies on hearing-impaired animals. Some of the important neurophysiological changes relevant to sensorineural hearing loss are reviewed. One important effect associated with sensorineural hearing loss is the broadening of the cochlear filtering mechanism which may influence loudness growth and the perception of complex sounds. The neurophysiological results may also provide new insights in interpreting traditional audiological data and help in developing more refined tests for fitting hearing aids or differentiating patients with sensorineural hearing loss.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Real ear SPL (RE/SSPLW) produced by four different hearing aids was compared to the standard SSPL90measurements for the same hearing aids on a 2-cc coupler. The effects of venting, location, and reliability for RE/SSPL90were also studied. As expected, the real ear output level was greater than the coupler level. No systematic influence of earmold venting was found. An earmold that occludes an ear canal decreases the output in the high-frequency range so that only a small difference remains between RE/SSPL90and 2-cc coupler levels above 2000 Hz. The difference seems to be affected slightly by the output impedance of the hearing aid receiver system. Individual variation for the RE/SSPL90is as much as 10 dB. Finally, the saturated output levels measured were found to be insensitive to changes in actual microphone input levels caused by different procedures for calibrating ambient SPL. The RE/SSPL90method is easy to use and reliability seems quite adequate for the typical clinical setting.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study defined developmental functions for Pediatric Speech Intelligibility word and sentence materials presented in quiet and in competition for 25 normal children and 25 children with recurrent otitis media. Ages ranged from 24 to 56 mos. In normal children, developmental functions for Pediatric Speech Intelligibility speech materials showed earlier development of performance (1) in quiet than in competition and (2) for words than for sentences (competing condition). In children with otitis media, developmental functions were normal for both words and sentences in quiet and for sentences in competition. However, developmental functions were grossly abnormal for words in competition.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The tracking method of auditory-visual speech reception training was used with normal hearing subjects in an attempt to quantify the effectiveness of this procedure, which uses connected discourse. A related purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a contextually based training procedure on the recognition of syllables (visemes), sentences, and connected discourse. Results of this study indicated that all subjects improved in their ability to track connected discourse over a span of several training sessions; however, asymptotic performance was not achieved by any subject. Furthermore, results indicated significant improvement on post-training tests of syllable recognition and intelligibility estimation of connected discourse for the experimental subjects. However, no significant improvement was observed for sentence recognition. Implications for the tracking method as part of an aural rehabilitation program are discussed.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The revised Hearing Performance Inventory contains 90 items selected in part on a statistical basis and in part on clinical relevance from a previous experimental form. An analysis of the responses of 354 hearing-impaired subjects was used to evaluate the performance of each of the 90 items remaining in the Revised Form. Because the only items eliminated were either found or deemed to be too easy, too difficult or redundant, the Revised Form maintains the strength of the previous form while reducing significantly the time required for its administration.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Satisfaction with hearing aid use was surveyed in 78 subjects who had been evaluated for hearing aid use by formal speech audiometric measures (synthetic sentence identification). At −10 dB message-to-competition ratio, synthetic sentence identification performance was an average 30% better in satisfied than in dissatisfied users.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Twenty-five young adult nonsmokers and 18 smokers were studied with respect to differences in their extra-high-frequency (EHF) auditory sensitivity. Although no statistically significant differences were found between their EHF thresholds, there was some evidence that smokers have poorer EHF hearing. The implication of this finding, vis-à-vis the use of EHF audi-ometry as a predictor of atheromatous damage to blood vessel walls, is discussed with suggestions for future research.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This paper describes the collapsed earmold phenomenon resulting from a wide bore earmold. The collapse was alleviated by a simple modification of the earmold (cutting of its most medial 1/6 of an inch).

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of a 32-yr-old patient with an extra-axial brain stem tumor is presented. Many postoperative audiological test results were reversed compared to the preoperative results. A variety of auditory measures were conducted to show which tests were sensitive to this patient's lesion. Also reported are some rather unique postoperative auditory changes which, in retrospect, provided an interesting view as to the extent of the lesion.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID