摘要:

The hearing conservation records of a large, multiple-facility printing company were obtained. The records were analyzed for factors associated with Standard Threshold Shift. These factors included hearing levels, employee age and sex, occupational and nonoccupational noise exposure histories, and medical history. The analysis revealed that statistically significant factors associated with. Standard Threshold Shift were from medical and nonoccupational noise exposure histories, and not occupational noise exposure.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Some initial experiences are described in which ear canal probe tube microphone measurements are used to determine hearing aid settings for children. Decisions are based upon ideas developed by Seewald and Ross (inAmplification for the Hearing Impaired, New York: Grune & Stratton, 1988: 213–267) and Seewald, Ross, and Stelmachowicz (J Acad Rehab Aud 1987;20:25–37) in which the long term spectrum of speech is amplified to desired sensation levels. Case results from four children are used to demonstrate the application and usefulness of the procedure.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The intelligibility of a 16-item consonant set was assessed for 10 patients who use the Symbion four-channel cochlear implant. The patients were selected on the basis of “good” speech recognition scores. For each patient, consonant intelligibility was assessed when his/her processor was configured to pass from one to four channels of information. The results suggest, most generally, that two channels, one low frequency and one high frequency, provide most of the information about consonant identity.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Auditory consonant recognition and sentence recognition tests were administered to two subjects wearing the 3M/House cochlear implant, three subjects wearing the 3M/Vienna implant, seven subjects wearing the Cochlear Corporation (Nucleus) implant and 10 subjects wearing the Symbion implant. For the 14-item consonant test, the Symbion subjects scored an average of 41 % consonants correct (17–58%), the Cochlear Corporation subjects scored an average of 34% (25–48%), the 3MJVienna subjects scored 19% (15–26%), and the 3M/House subjects scored 11 % (7–14%). An information transfer analysis performed on the consonant data suggested that subjects perceive the envelope feature relatively well and the place feature relatively poorly. All of the 3M/House and 3M/Vienna subjects scored 0% words correct for the sentence test. The Symbion and Cochlear Corporation subjects scored an average of 35% (0–92%) and 32% (9–45%) words correct, respectively. To better understand the variability in word recognition skills, the scores from the sentence test were correlated with the results of the information transfer analysis. The voicing and duration features did not correlate with the sentence scores very well. Place and frication features were shown to be most predictive of auditory word recognition. This finding suggests that subjects who utilize middle and high-frequency speech information are more likely to score better onopen-setword recognition tests than subjects who do not.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

If the interpeak intervals in the auditory brain stem response (ABR) are assumed to be statistically independent variables that represent the neural transmission time between loci, then the absolute latency of an ABR wave is the sum of the transmission times between successive loci. Consequently, the correlations between the absolute latencies of the ABR waves would be part-whole correlations whose expected values are appreciably different fromr= 0. We derived the expected values of the correlations between the latencies of the ABR waves on the assumption that their latencies are the sum of independent elements (transmission times) and found them to be 0.707, 0.577, and 0.816 for I. III, I.V, and III-V, respectively. In addition, the expected values of the correlations between the latencies of the ABR waves assuming that the absolute wave latencies themselves are independent variables (e.g.,rI,III= 0) were derived. Several of the correlations among interpeak and between the interpeak and absolute latencies were demonstrated to be appreciably different fromr= 0. It would appear that it is more reasonable to assume that the elements (transmission times) rather than the component latencies are the variables of choice for statistical analysis of ABR data.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An evaluation of an automatic auditory brain stem evaluation (AABE®) for waves I, III, and V, of the auditory brain stem response (ABR) is presented. The on-line procedure performs a mathematical analysis of ABR waveforms using principles similar to those used by experienced clinicians to make threshold and latency decisions. It has been tested and applied to normal and pathologic traces at stimulus levels from 20 to 100 dB HL. Subject ages ranged from 6 months through adulthood. Latencies and thresholds determined by the analytic technique were examined and found to be indistinguishable from decisions of two expert observers and four practicing clinical audiologists experienced in ABR. Speed, practicality, and limitations of the software for routine ABR assessments are discussed.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The ability to discriminate speech and nonspeech auditory stimuli was tested in a learning disabled child. The perception of speech stimuli was normal when the stimuli were presented in quiet but below normal when the stimuli were presented in noise. Although the perception of pure tone stimuli and environmental sounds was normal both in quiet and noise, the perception of nonspeech stimuli with rapid changes in acoustic information was impaired in noise. These findings illustrate the importance of relating performance for speech and complex nonspeech stimuli in investigating the basis of speech perceptual deficits. Whereas abnormal performance for speech stimuli coupled with normal performance for complex nonspeech stimuli argues for the existence of specialized speech processing mechanisms, abnormal performance for both types of stimuli, as was found in the present subject, argues for the existence of more generalized auditory processing mechanisms.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The results of two procedures for measuring the loudness level of tinnitus will be presented. The traditional procedure yielded significantly smaller loudness matches, when expressed in decibel sensation level (i.e., dB SL), than did the Goodwin procedure. The Goodwin procedure is more sensitive to pharmacologically induced changes in tinnitus loudness than is the traditional procedure. The Goodwin method correlates well with changes in patients subjective rating of tinnitus severity. The Goodwin match has a larger reliability coefficient. Nonlinear correlation also indicates that the Goodwin procedure is superior to the traditional method.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Levitts (Scand Audio1 1978;6(Suppl):241–291) adaptive method for finding the speech level giving the maximum speech recognition score (PB max) was simulated in a computer. The results show that at least 50 words should be used to estimate the speech level at PB max before measuring the speech recognition at that level. The choice of stepping parameters is critical. Within a word pair, a 20 dB level difference is suggested. Scatter plots show the variability in the measured speech levels. The variability of conventional speech recognition measurements is also clearly illustrated.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The use of 2-cm3 couplers for measuring the output of an ER- 3A earphone has been recommended. The purpose of this study was to compare the acoustic output of three commonly available couplers and to study the intra- and inter-examiner reliability with which those measurements may be performed. While the repeatability of measurements, at least for clinical purposes, was good even for hand-held coupling of the earphone to the couplers, differences between couplers were observed. These differences were influenced by the positioning of the sound-outlet orifice relative to the interior, top wall of the couplers cavities. A recommendation for 2-cm3 coupler calibration of the ER3A earphone using a commonly available adapter was made.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID