ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This tutorial describes some of the stimulus choices available to clinicians performing ABR evaluations. The motivation for choosing particular stimuli is described in relation to the clinical question being asked. Thus, emphasis is directed toward the rationales for choosing different stimuli. Data are reviewed only briefly to illustrate these rationales. Finally, some effort has been made to relate clinical ABR results for certain stimulus conditions to underlying physiological processes in the hope that these discussions will lead to a more complete understanding of the stimulus-response relation.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The audiometric records of 324 subjects with sensorineural hearing loss, presumed to be cochlear, were analyzed in order to develop norms for “disproportionate loss” in speech intelligibility. From the scatterplot relating PBma, to PTA, (average of HTLs at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz), and the scatterplot relating SSIma, to PTA1(average of HTLs at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz), linear boundaries were constructed encompassing approximately 98% of observed values. A speech intelligibility score (PB or SSI) may be considered “disproportionately poor” if it falls below this empirically derived boundary.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study compared the word recognition performance of 4 to 6 year old children and adults on the Word Intelligibility by Picture Identification (WIPI) Test presented via sound field in quiet and in a background of multitalker noise and pink noise. Although the adults had no difficulty recognizing speech in all situations, the children performed significantly poorer in both noise conditions. Furthermore, the multitalker noise proved to be more adverse than the pink noise on speech discrimination.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We evaluated the ability of profoundly deaf children using the 3M/House single–channel cochlear implant to understand speech without the aid of speechreading. Fifty-one implanted children over the age of 5 years, who had sufficient cognitive and language skills, were tested using word and sentence stimuli presented in an open-set, auditory-only mode. Fifty-two percent of the children demonstrated some open-set performance on word identification, while 41.5% did so on sentence comprehension. Children who scored open-set had a shorter duration of deafness than those who did not. A larger proportion of children using oral communication demonstrated open-set speech recognition than those using total communication. A multiple regression analysis indicated that communication method accounted for the largest proportion of variability in performance on both the word and sentence tasks. Children achieving open-set auditory recognition, however, included both those using oral communication and those using total communication, children deafened by meningitis and those born deaf, and children with varying durations of deafness.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We evaluated the performance of experienced hearing-aid users wearing seven different commercially available “noise-suppression” hearing aids. Two hearing aids, the Audiotone A-54 and the Telex 363C, used amplitude compression. The others, two versions of a Maico hearing aid SP147, a Richards ASE-B, a Rion HB-69AS, and a Siemens 283ASP, are designed to attenuate specific frequency regions in the presence of noise. Sixteen subjects listened to 13 consonants in the form /i/-consonant-/i/ with six replications per consonant (78 items). Performance was measured with the compression or noise-suppression circuit on and off in the presence of speech-babble noise and in continuous low-frequency noise. Measurements were also obtained with the suppression circuit “off” but without any background noise. The results suggested that only a few subjects benefitted from the noise-suppression circuits, and in several cases performance in noise was poorer with the noise suppression circuit than without it. An information-transfer analysis of the errors indicated that enhanced or decreased performance was generally a result of changes across all phonetic features, not specific ones.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A combined use of pure-tone screening and the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE) has been proposed by Ventry and Weinstein (Asha 1983;25:37–42) to meet an increasing need to identify the elderly with possible hearing problems. The purpose of this study was to discern what follow-up action was taken by the individuals who failed the protocol and received a referral. One hundred and seventy-seven elderly people were screened. Thirty-eight (22%) out of 177 people received either Priority 1, 2, or 3 and were referred for further audiological or medical evaluations. Out of these 38, 25 were contacted for a follow-up telephone interview approximately 4 months after the screening. Thirteen (52%) out of 25 individuals followed our recommendation and received further evaluation. Audidogical or medical treatment was recommended for all these individuals, 11 (85%) of whom actually accepted recommended treatment. The remaining 12 out of 25 individuals did not seek further evaluation for various reasons. This study presented several scenarios of what happened to those elderly people who failed the Ventry and Weinstein screening protocol.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Probe-tube microphone measures of ear-canal sound-pressure levels were obtained for 31 children under 5 years of age. These data were compared to similar measures from a group of 21 adults. The intrasubject variability was smallest for the frequency range from 750 to 3000 Hz and at no frequency did the mean standard deviation exceed 3 dB. Real ear to coupler differences for the children showed the same pattern as a function of frequency as for adults but were significantly larger. A systematic decrease in real ear to coupler differences was observed with increasing age between 1000 and 3000 Hz. An estimate of ear-canal volume did not appear to be a clinically useful predictor of real ear to coupler differences.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The ipsilateral mastoid to vertex and ipsilateral mastoid to high forehead electrode arrays were found to have equal efficacy in recording the auditory brain stem and middle latency responses in both open and closed filtered conditions. It is concluded that the ipsilateral mastoid to high forehead electrode array is a valid clinic alternative for use in evoked response testing.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A cerebellopontine angle epidermoid was identified in a noise-exposed patient as part of an occupational hearing conservation program. The patient is a 24-year-old employee of a major national newspaper who, because of workplace noise levels, was required to be part of a hearing conservation program. A shift in thresholds in 1 year was identified by the audiologic reviewer and referral for audiologic and otologic services was recommended and carried out. The steps leading from the initial air-conduction, pure-tone audiogram to final neurosurgical removal of the epidermoid CPA lesion was described. Such referral is essential if potentially health and life threatening conditions are to be identified and managed, although the primary objectives of the hearing conservation program remains the prevention of sensorineural hearing loss from workplace noise exposure.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID