摘要:

The current paper is a tutorial regarding central auditory evaluation (CAE). Evaluation of lesions of the central auditory nervous system is an area of growing interest and activity. A variety of behavioral and electrophysiological methods has been described to detect lesions affecting auditory structures and tracts of the brain stem and cortical levels. In order to foster an organized and rational approach to CAE, the following topics are discussed: prerequisite knowledge needed to perform CAE; the role of history and the basic evaluation; hypothesis formulation; a two-stage CAE protocol, presented in a coded, diagrammatic fashion; and several caveats regarding factors which may complicate test interpretation. Subject variables and additional criteria to be considered in test selection and data interpretation are described. The tutorial is presented in an effort to promote development and refinement of the CAE battery through its systematic application.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The 1982 Position Statement by the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing recommends that infants at risk for hearing impairment be screened by 3 mos of age and that the diagnostic process be completed and habilitation begun by 6 mos of age. How close to this ideal actual practice comes in an urban setting is the subject of this study. Data on 88 infants referred to a hospital-based parent-infant program were retrospectively examined to determine the occurrence of risk factors and at what ages: (1) hearing loss was first suspected, (2) hearing loss was diagnosed, and (3) habilitation was initiated. Results indicate that over one-quarter of all hearing-impaired infants will not manifest any of the risk factors proposed in the 1982 Position Statement and that regardless of whether the infant graduates from a neonatal intensive care unit or well-baby nursery, the median age for enrollment in a parent-infant program is a year or more later than the 1982 recommendation.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Results comparing hearing aid performance utilizing probe microphones with performance measured in a commercial hearing aid test box using an HA-2 coupler are presented. Sixteen hearing-impaired subjects (23 ears) were divided into two groups. Group I utilized unvented earmolds with short canals and large bores; group II utilized unvented earmolds with long canals and small bores. Results revealed that large individual differences across frequencies as well as within and between groups preclude predicting how a hearing aid will perform on a real ear from test box measurements.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Traditionally, tests of central auditory function have been limited when hearing loss is present. By design the Staggered Spondaic Word (SSW) test incorporates a correction procedure which attempts to account for the effects of peripheral distortion. Results obtained in the present study, based on 92 adult males with bilateral, cochlear hearing loss, showed no significant change in corrected SSW (C-SSW) scores in cases with a pure-tone average less than 50 dB. Uncorrected (R-SSW) scores were highly correlated with the word discrimination score, but this relationship was neutralized when the correction procedure was applied. An effect of hearing loss on the C-SSW was found to plateau after 50 dB HL. The change in C-SSW may shift the performance category to a poorer range. Use of the C-SSW appears not to be compromised by cochlear hearing loss up to 50 dB. However, cross-validation of SSW scores with other audiometric results should be used particularly in cases of cochlear hearing loss greater than 40 to 50 dB.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cochlear integrity was assessed in patients with normal hearing but history of noise exposure by means of aural-overload measurements and discrimination of high-frequency words in noise. Results show that previously noise-exposed subjects exhibit statistically poorer discrimination than nonexposed subjects. Correlation studies between speech discrimination and aural-overload threshold were also indicative of cochlear damage in the noise-exposed subjects.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The primary purpose of this study was to determine list equivalency of Harris' revision of the CID Everyday Sentence Lists under three signal-to-noise ratios: 0 dB, −3 dB, and −6 dB. On the basis of list means, nonsignificant groupings of lists were found at each noise level; however, lists were not equivalent at any level on the basis of a ± 10% standard error of measurement (%YO confidence interval). It is concluded that Harris' revision of the CID Everyday Sentences should not be used in their present form for intraindividual comparisons.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The hearing thresholds of 20 subjects with normal hearing and normal ear canals and two subjects with collapsible ear canals were measured at octave frequencies from 250 to 8000 Hz under standard transducers (TDH-39) fitted with standard cushions (MX-41/AR) and experimental cushions (Telephonics 266CIII). When correction factors based on normal threshold differences were applied, thresholds obtained under the experimental cushion reasonably approximated the actual hearing of individuals with collapsible canals.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Auditory brain stem response (ABR) testing can provide valuable information about hearing in neonates. However, it is subject to a number of interpretive errors, not all of which have yet been resolved. Collapsing ear canals are one of these, as this report documents. We hypothesize that the quite common incidence of canal collapse in this age group, along with other transient conductive defects, may help to explain the 1:10 and 1:20 incidences of significantly abnormal ABRs in neonatal screening.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The viability of applying Sensorineural Acuity Level (SAL) audiometry to auditory brain stem response (ABR) testing was investigated using 38 subjects with normal hearing, conductive, sensorineural, and mixed hearing losses. The stimuli were clicks, 4000, 2000, and 1000 Hz tone-pips. After ABR thresholds (ABRtwere obtained, bone-conducted noise was used to mask the response to a stimulus 5 dB above ABR threshold (ABRt+ 5). Estimates of behavioral bone-conduction thresholds were made by observing the amount of noise needed to mask ABR, + 5. Estimates of behavioral air-conduction thresholds were based upon ABRt. Results indicated that ABR, was within ± 1l0 dB of behavioral air-conduction threshold across subject groups at least 74% of the time for all tone-pip stimuli. ABRtwas within ±15 dB of the pure-tone average of 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz 75% of the time when click stimuli were used. Derived bone-conduction thresholds were within ±10 dB of the actual bone-conduction threshold at least 73% of the time for all stimuli. It was concluded that, when used in a conservative manner, the application of SAL audiometry to ABR testing may increase the reliability and confidence with which decisions are made concerning the type and degree of hearing loss in difficult-to-test patients.

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-0202    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID