摘要:

AbstractRectal probe electroejaculation of lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) consistently yields poor quality semen. To improve the semen parameters of these specimens, changes in the methodology of electroejaculation were studied. Retrograde ejaculation during electro‐stimulation may contribute to poor semen quality. It was found that: (1) large numbers of sperm were retroejaculated during electroejaculation and (2) that these sperm could be recovered from the bladder. The retrieval of residual semen present in the posterior urethra by massaging per rectum following electroejaculation was also examined. Massaging the posterior urethra post‐electroejaculation: (1) reduced the number of stimulations needed to obtain the first ejaculation, (2) decreased the current density needed to retrieve the first ejaculate, and (3) produced ejaculate that was comparable to the ejaculate of standard procedures. Thus, the changes in the methodology improved the overall seminal parameters of electroejaculated se

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350240312

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research (SFBR) chimpanzee colony is a conventionally housed production and research population. The present population is 203 chimpanzees, consisting of 87 males and 116 females. Fifty‐four apes were born between 1985 and 1989, 56 from 1980 to 1985, 49 from 1975 to 1980, 24 from 1965 to 1975, and 20 from 1954 to 1965. Twenty‐five apes were added to the colony from outside sources over the last 10 years. The average yearly mortality for the past 8 years was 2.4%. The primary causes of death since 1982 were heart disease (6), trauma (5), and respiratory disease (4). The heart lesions included myocarditis, necrosis, fibrosis, and mineralization. The respiratory disease deaths were due toStreptococcus pneumoniaeandKlebsiella pneumoniae. The traumatic deaths were primarily in young chimpanzees and were caused by adults. Since 1976, 20 stillbirths occurred and were not included in the total deaths. There were two cases of placenta previa and one of abruptio placentae. Clinical conditions not leading to death included respiratory disease, parasitism, alopecia, diarrhea, maternal rejection, and trauma. The most significant commonly isolated bacteria wereStaphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, andCampylobacter. The most common intestinal parasites wereBalantidium, Entamoeba, Chilomastix, Iodamoeba, Giardia, Trichuris, Enterobius, andStrongyloides. The colony pathology is sketchy from 1967 to 1981, but the main causes of death during this period were probably pneumonia and intestinal dise

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350240313

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnalysis of urinary estrone conjugates and pregnanediol‐3‐glucuronide were used to document ovarian events in female gorillas known to be fertile. These normal parameters were used to assess ovarian function in gorillas suspected as infertile. Insufficient luteal hormonal dynamics were observed in the infertile group. Based on this observation, exogenous progesterone as the only treatment was administered to infertile females post ovulation and mating. Positive pregnancy tests were observed in all 3 females during the progesterone treatment and one full‐term pregnancy resulted. This successful treatment supports the concept that insufficient progesterone secretion may be a contributing factor to the infertility of captive female gorillas. The present data demonstrate the utility of urinary assays for evaluating ovarian function in gorillas and suggest that one type of infertility may be resolved with progesterone th

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350240314

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAccurate assessment of gestational age, date of parturition, and evaluation of placental abnormalities are essential to monitor obstetrical and fetal complications in captive chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) breeding colonies. Since ultrasonography is a safe and noninvasive technique for monitoring chimpanzee pregnancies, we have developed a technique to estimate the date of parturition using the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) of the skull from real‐time ultrasonographic measurements. A formula for determining gestational age was based on analysis of data obtained from 62 pregnancies over an 8‐year period. From this formula an estimated gestational age was calculated and compared with menstrual cycle data from the period near the time of the estimated date of conception (EDC). If the data from the scan and cycle history were in agreement within 7 days, the estimate date of conception was corrected to be 3 days prior to detumescence of the sex cycle phase. Lastly, the estimated date of parturition (EDP) was predicted to be 240 days after the EDC. To evaluate the utility of this prediction, we subsequently examined 13 chimpanzee pregnancies using the above technique and compared it to the actual date of parturition (ADP). Nine of the 13 chimpanzees delivered within 2 weeks of the EDP. In addition to estimating gestational age, ultrasonography may be a useful tool for evaluating fetal growth and placental abnormalities and assessing third trimester complications in chimpanzee pregnanc

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350240315

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350240316

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350240301

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY