ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClose similarities exist in the chemical structure of fetal and adult bile pigments and mechanisms for hepatic bilirubin conjugation and transport in human and nonhuman primates. Newborn monkeys, unlike other animals, develop physiologic hyperbilirubinemia and are ideal animal models in which to investigate this developmental human disorder. Aberrations in bile pigment metabolism and compartmentalization which occur in hemolytic, hepatocellular, and obstructive diseases, closely resemble those reported in counterpart syndromes in man. Similarities also exist in the mechanisms responsible for the secretion of canalicular and ductular/ductal bile and the composition of bile. Nonhuman primates offer distinct advantages for comparative studies concerning bile pigment metabolism and the secretion of bile.

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSpatial arrangement and social interactions of two sympatric and ecologically similar primate species,Hylobates klossiiandPresbytis potenzianai, are described from field observations made between July 1972 and October 1974 on Siberut Island, Indonesia. Gibbon territories and langur home ranges overlap extensively. Because gibbons have the ability to supplant langurs at shared food sources, langurs are at a competitive disadvantage. To avoid or decrease the frequency of hostile interactions with gibbons, langurs locate their core areas on boundaries between adjacent gibbon territories, which permits langurs to retreat across these barriers in response to gibbon movements. Langurs further enhance segregration by leaving their sleeping trees earlier than gibbons, gaining additional feeding time on contested food sources. This form of interspecific spatial organization between gibbons and langurs resembles certain predator‐prey spacing systems, where territorial boundaries between adjacent predators serve as sanctuaries for prey population

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHowler monkey troops were censused at the biological reserve “Los Tuxtlas” in Veracruz, Mexico. The reserve includes 700 ha of rain forest. Twenty howler monkeys were also trapped, measured, marked, and released. Censuses were conducted for a period of 26 months, and they indicated the existence of 17 troops. The mean troop size was 9.12 (SD ± 2.93), and mean troop composition was 3.0 adult males, 4.12 females, 1.56 juveniles, and 1.54 infants. Ecological density was 0.23 howlers/ha or 23.29 howlers/km2. The male to female ratio was 1:1.37. No discrete seasonality in births was noted. Howler monkeys in this locality inhabit the northernmost limit of the neotropical rain forest. The population parameters fall within those reported forAlouatta palliataat other s

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne large social group of each of three species of macaques (Macaca mulatta, M. fascicularis, M. radiata), housed in half‐acre field cages at the California Primate Research Center, were observed for a total of 150 h. Data on sexual behavior and dominance interactions were recorded by pairs of experienced observers using a focal animal technique. Single or multiple mount‐to‐ejaculation sequences, number of thrusts per mount, number of mounts per sequence, duration of mounts per sequence, duration of sequences, social rank and frequency of sexual activity were recorded for each adult male.M. mulattaused a multiple mount‐to‐ejaculation (MME) pattern in 91% of their copulations.M. radiataused a single mount‐to‐ejaculation (SME) pattern in 91% of their copulations.M. fascicularisused both patterns—53% MME and 47% SME. A positive correlation was found between rank and sexual activity infascicularisandmulattamales. A negative correlation between rank and sexual activity was found inradiatamales and also a positive correlation between rank and age indicating that the youngest and most subordinateradiatamales were the most sexually active males. In reviewing the literature, a relationship between degree of intermale competition, intermale tolerance and type of mounting pattern was revealed. Macaque species that primarily use an SME pattern also show sa high degree of intermale tolerance and little interrnale competition. Macaque species that primarily use an MME pattern typically show a high degree of intermale competition and a low degree of intermale tolerance. Possible events leading to such relationship

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe placental transfer of conjugated and nonconjugated estrogens was compared in the pregnant rhesus monkey. Placement of catheters in the maternal and fetal circulation allowed for the sampling of blood after the administration of radiolabeled naturally occurring and synthetic estrogens to mother or fetus. In all cases, nonconjugated‐estrogen placental transfer was greater than conjugated‐estrogen transfer. Comparison of the conjugated estrogens suggested that diethylstilbestrol‐monoglucuronide (DESG) was transferred less efficiently than the estrone‐sulfate (E, S). High‐performance liquid chromatog‐raphy (HPLC) of selected plasma samples revealed that 50–90% of the E, S observed in the maternal circulation was cleaved after fetal administration. In contrast, HPLC of maternal or fetal plasma samples after DESG administration revealed only intact DESG. These results emphasize differences in the placental transfer of the synthetic and naturally occurring estr

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus) was conducted in urban and forest areas of Varanasi, India. Data were collected on group size and composition. Nine groups of rhesus monkeys inhabited various urban niches, but langurs were completely absent from urban areas. Approximately 159 rhesus monkeys and 720 langurs lived in the forested area. Both the urban and the forested habitats of this area are being reduced in size, and it is suggested that these populations be moved to nearby forest preserves.

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0275-2565    

DOI:10.1002/ajp.1350020401

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY