ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Twenty-one routine clinical and laboratory data in 161 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) undergoing surgical treatment were analyzed. The necrotic tissue at operation was bacterially infected in 41% of the patients. The goal of the study was to evaluate whether there was any special clinical feature in cases of an infection. The parameters were recorded during 48 h after admission as well as during 48 h before operation, and the frequencies submitted to both a univariate and a multivariate analysis (logistic regression model). In the period after admission, patients with infected necrosis signifi-cantly more often had a rectal temperature >38.5°C (p = 0.001). Before oper-ation (i.e., after maximum conservative treatment), four findings were signifi-cantly related to an infection: rectal temperature >38.5°C, base excess >- 4 mmoVL, hematocrit <35% (all p = 0.0001), and paO, <60 mm Hg (p = 0.001). The multivariate analysis, which calculates and quantifies the mutual influence of factors, showed a combination of three findings (rectal temperature >38.5"C, base excess >- 4 mmoVL, and hematocrit <35%) to be related to necrosis infection before operation. All three criteria in a patient imply a prob-ability of infection of 83%. It is noteworthy that the sepsis indicators were equally distributed in patients with focal, extended, or subtotalhotal infected necrosis, but correlated with the necrosis extent in sterile necrotizing pancre-atitis. Moreover, all parameters not related to the pancreatic infection [e.g., hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, rise of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and the white blood cell count] correlated with the three necrosis categories.

ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The variations of serum levels of amylase, pancreatic isoamylase, lipase, trypsinogen, and elastase 1 were evaluated in 21 patients with acute pancreatitis. The patients were studied for a mean period of 7 consecutive days (range 5- 12 days) after admission to the hospital. On the day of onset of acute pancreatitis, all enzyme levels were abnormally high; pancreatic isoamylase showed the greatest increase compared with its upper normal limit, whereas the increase increment for elastase 1 was the lowest. Subsequently, all enzyme levels except elastase 1 decreased in a parallel fashion. On the eighth day of the study only elastase 1 levels were above normal values in all patients exam-ined, while abnormally high values of lipase were found in 85% of the patients, trypsinogen in 58% of the patients, pancreatic isoamylase in 43%, and total amylase in 23%. These results indicate that, for the early diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, the determination of any of these enzymes is equally efficient, but that elastase 1 is the most sensitive marker of acute pancreatic damage in later stages of the disease.

ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Because the estradiol binder is distributed throughout subcellular fractions from homogenates of the pancreas, an acetone powder was used in extracting soluble components from the entire tissue. The estradiol binder, obtained from the acetone powder of a bovine pancreas, was pH dependent, denatured by heat, inhibited by CuSO4and reversibly denatured by urea. Binding was enhanced by Mg+2, a common enzymatic cofactor. Its molecular weight was greater than 66,000 D, the molecular weight of bovine serum al-bumin. An l l-fold purification resulted in a protein preparation that showed a saturating binding curve in equilibrium dialysis. Klotz has severely criticized, if not discredited, the hypothesis that a binding curve is typically due to two classical binding sites and is resolvable into two straight lines. We, therefore, determined the parameters of the binding curve by a computer analysis based on Wilkinson's algebraic method and on McLaren's proposal of surface rela-tionships in enzymatic reactions. The inference from McLaren (namely, binding sites of a single affinity located on the surface of the macromolecular binder), offered a simpler explanation for curvature in Scatchard plots than the two affinity site or the varying affinity hypotheses. The analysis was also ap-plied to other examples from the literature.

ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The mutagenicity of azaserine was determined in a pancreatic acinar cell-mediated mutagenesis assay using V79 cells as the responder cell line. The mutation frequency of V79 cells was increased in direct culture with azaserine as well as in coculture with rat and hamster pancreatic acinar cells. Although slightly higher mutation frequencies were seen with coculture, the mutation frequency induced by azaserine in coculture was not significantly enhanced over that observed in direct culture. Thus, azaserine cannot be used as a positive control to monitor the level of acinar cell metabolism in such cell-mediated mutagenesis assays. Statistical analysis suggested that hamster acinar cell cocultures were more effective at increasing the mutation frequency of azaserine as compared to rat acinar cell cocultures. Hamster acinar cell cocultures, but not rat acinar cell cocultures, increased the mutagenicity of azaserine in a dose-response fashion. These results suggest that azaserine may be a pancreatic carcinogen for the hamster as well as the rat.

ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Changes in pancreatic exocrine function in young (6- and 12-month-old) and old (24- to 27-month-old) male Fischer (F-344) rats were exam-ined. Rats were prepared with cannulae draining bile and pancreatic juice sep-arately and with duodenal and right jugular vein cannulae. Experiments were conducted between the third and the seventh postoperative day in conscious rats. Bile and pancreatic juice were returned to the intestine during both the recovery period and between experiments. Pancreatic responses to endoge-nous [bile-pancreatic juice (BPJ) diversion from the intestine] and exogenous stimulation l0.086, 0.432, and 1.728 nmoVkg secretin and 0.033, 0.167, and 0.667 nmol/kg cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-S)] were determined. Basal secretions of fluid, bicarbonate, and protein were not affected by aging. The pancreatic responses of fluid and bicarbonate secretion to BPJ diversion or secretin were unaffected by aging, However, the increment of protein secretion in response to BPJ diversion and the largest dose of CCK-8 was attenuated in old rats. It appears the duct cell function is hardly affected by aging, but that the reserve capacity for protein secretion in response to stimulation may decrease in old rats.

ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Rat pancreatic juice was collected from female, anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats (200–250 g) during basal secretion and after 45-min intravenous infusion for secretin or secretin with cholecystokinin (CCK). The volume of secretion was measured as well as activity of lipase and colipase. It was shown that the basal secretion of pancreatic juice gave a colipase/lipase (C/L) ratio of about 0.5. Stimulation with secretin or addition of CCK to secretin gave a C/L ratio between 0.4 and 0.6. This was not significantly different from the ratio found in basal secretion. The secretion of lipase and colipase from isolated pancreatic acini was also found to parallel a C/L ratio equal to 0.6 in the basal release and to a ratio between 0.5 and 0.6 after stimulation with CCK, secretin, or carbachol. The total activity ratio of C/L in the pancreas was equal to 0.97. It is concluded that lipase and colipase are secreted in parallel both in vivo and in vitro. The reason for a lower ratio of C/L in the secreted juice compared to the C/L ratio of pancreatic gland is not known.

ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To determine the role of endogenous pancreatic polypeptide (PP) as a physiological inhibitor of pancreatic secretion, normal rabbit serum (control) or rabbit PP-antiserum was administered intravenously to dogs with chronic esophageal, gastric, and pancreatic fistulas. In all dogs tested, sham-feeding and ordinary feed with a meat meal resulted in a marked rise in the plasma level of immunoreactive PP that coincided with an increase in the exocrine pancreatic secretion of HCO3- and protein. After intravenous administration of PP antiserum, endogenous plasma PP was almost completely bound by in-fused antibodies to PP, whereas no such binding was detected after infusion of normal rabbit serum. In contrast, plasma gastrin remained unchanged both under basal and stimulated conditions. Immunoneutralization of PP, released endogenously, failed significantly to affect gastric acid and pancreatic protein responses to sham-feeding and the pancreatic HCO3- and protein responses to feeding a meat meal in chronic pancreatic fistula dogs. However, the PP antiserum abolished, in part, the inhibitory effect of exogenous PP on pancreatic secretion stimulated by exogenous hormones. We conclude that endogenous PP is not a physiological inhibitor of exocrine pancreatic secretion, as has been suggested previously.

ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An attempt was made to detect a pancreatic tumor antigen (PTA) in transplantable pancreatic adenocarcinomas induced by N-bis(2-hydroxypropy1)nitrosamine (DHPN) in hamsters. Antibody against antigenic protein was raised by immunizing rabbits with whole homogenate of the tumors transplanted into the back of hamsters. PTA was purified by affinity chromatography and shown to have the physicochemical properties of a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 800,000, migrating in the p regions upon agarose gel electrophoresis. Loss of immunological properties was observed after heating at 65°C for 30 min. Enzyme immunoassay revealed that the levels of PTA in the serum and tissue showed a positive correlation with the induction of the presence of tumor, and size of the tumor. It is tentatively suggested that PTA values above 150 ng/ml serum are indicators of tumors, because in normal hamsters the PTA range is from 25 to 130 ng/ml serum. Immunohistochemically, PTA was demonstrated to be localized within the cytoplasm of epithelial tumor cells of well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas.

ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of increased doses of Somatostatin-I4 (3, 10,30, 100,300 μg/h) on basal release of insulin, pancreatic glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) was investigated on eight normal volunteers. Levels of Somatostatinlike immunoreactivity (SLI) was determined in order to correlate the increased SLI levels with the degree of islet hormone inhibition (r = 0.9947, p <0.01).By increasing the basal levels of SLI by one-third, a significant inhibition (p <0.01) of insulin, glucagon, and PP was noted (78.5, 78.6, 75.2010, respectively, on basal levels). The maximal effect was obtained with 300 pg/h for insulin, with 30 wg/h for glucagon and 100 pg/h for PP. In evaluating the relative inhibitory potency of somatostatin, expressed as EDSo, the theoretic potency of somatostatin on each peptide had similar values, ranging from 30 to 10 pg/h. The present data show that a minimal peripheric increase in SLI is able to regulate basal islet pancreatic hormones.

ISSN:0885-3177    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID