摘要:

A computer-based system has been developed in order to quantify simultaneous passive resistance to motion of the hip and knee joints of spastic subjects. The system provides a three-dimensional analysis of joint torques and reaction forces as well as the energies of passive resistance. It is utilized clinically with both ambulatory and nonambulatory subjects to monitor surgical treatment of hypertonicity. The system is comprised of a motorized dynamometer, adjustable chair, electronics for signal amplification and processing, and a microcomputer for data acquisition and analysis. Mechanical cross-talk is minimized by the dynamometer design which incorporates five strain-gage bridges. EMG data from the quadricep, hamstring, anterior tibialis and gastrocnemius muscle groups is simultaneously acquired with surface electrodes during subject tests. The device has been used clinically to test children with spastic cerebral palsy who have received surgical treatment. Pre- and post-operative evaluations as well as longer term follow-up studies have been conducted.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Quantitative data obtained during periodic clinical visits are merely “snapshots” of an individual's physiologic status or performance. The limitations of such periodic methods with regard to detecting transient events and in providing a true indication of global behavior (e.g., in response to a rehabilitation program) have given rise to long-term, portable monitoring instruments. This paper describes a new approach and device designed to objectively and unobtrusively monitor the behavior associated with human physical activity. The approach is based on the recognition that complex dynamic situations are frequently characterized by a single word (“walking”) suggesting that: (1) complexity can be reduced by looking for specificactivity states, and (2) each unique state is communicated by some combination of features which can be derived from measurable dynamic or static characteristics. The prototype Activity State Detection and Monitoring System (ASDMS) developed with this concept is capable of detecting and logging sitting/lying (considered as one state), standing, walking, and running activity states with a 5-sec time resolution over long periods. Evaluation studies demonstrate performance comparable to that of a human observer.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This paper describes the evaluation and design of a PC-based Human Performance Measurement System (HPMS), which includes an expandable set of networked microprocessor-based modules, each of which targets subsets of an overall set of measures which may be of clinical relevance. Measures are defined according to a hierarchically organized resource model based on a small but robust set of systems performance constructs. This model provides internal consistency, simplicity, and a conceptual basis for interpreting results in predictive contexts. Issues that guided design of the overall architecture are described with regard to the variety of potential clinical demands. In addition, designs of a selected subset of the instrument modules are summarized, with special emphasis on transducers, signal processing, and definition of measures. Several clinical case examples are described to demonstrate application and versatility of the system.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Nuclear magnetic resonance phosphorus spectroscopy has been proposed as a new method to measure the mineral content of bone as a diagnostic and monitoring tool for osteoporosis. Preliminary studies have been performed on a Nicolet NT-150 NMR Spectrometer, using a 3.5-T superconducting magnet. This paper describes the design and construction of a low-field spectrometer for the human wrist. The 0.3256-T steady magnetic field is provided by a well-shimmed small-size permanent magnet made of neodymium-iron-boron. An IBM-PC-compatible computer is used both as host and post-processor to an Analogic AN9100A NMR Spectrometer. The narrower spectral linewidth expected at the lower magnetic field is expected to help compensate for sensitivity loss due to the weaker magnetic field.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Five individuals with diagnosis of stroke or head injury have been fitted with a multichannel Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation (FNS) system. The percutaneous system, originally developed for complete thoracic-level paraplegics, has been adapted for use by hemiparetic and hemiplegic individuals. Subjects were trained to use their FNS systems safely, and to select among individualized exercise and walking stimulation patterns. All five subjects demonstrated improved mobility after several months in the FNS program. Ongoing efforts are focused on further development of the FNS system to improve function, safety, ease of use, system reliability, energy efficiency and cosmesis.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The stable control of posture while seated is an important goal for children with disabilities who are not ambulatory. This paper presents the design, calibration and testing of an instrumented chair to assess seated stability. Subject tests are automated so that data are collected and analyzed quickly. Preliminary tests show that data from the instrumented chair can be used to compute metrics that represent comparative levels of stability. These same data can also illustrate individual posture control strategies.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The objective of this retrospective study was to delineate critical regions of trauma to the human cervical spine and determine the mechanisms of injury from motor vehicle accidents. Medical records and radiographs of adult patients admitted to the teaching hospitals of the Medical College of Wisconsin with the diagnosis of cervical spine fracture, and/or cervical spinal cord injury were reviewed. Based on the degree of spinal cord injury, the patients were divided into the following three groups: complete quadriplegia, incomplete quadriplegia, and no neurologic deficit. The retrospective evaluation identified flexion-compression, axial loading, extension, flexion-distraction, and flexion-rotation injuries among the three groups. Results indicated that the lower cervical spine is the most commonly injured region. Further, flexion-compression and axial loading of the head-neck complex were the most frequent mechanisms of injury in the complete and incomplete quadriplegic groups. In contrast, flexion-rotation injuries were also significant among patients with no neurologic deficit.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID