ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An effective risk management program must include specific consideration of medical equipment, and must address hazard identification, incident prevention, and the coordination of efforts to minimize losses when incidents do occur. The hazard identification and prevention components require an organized effort to utilize external and internal information sources to determine both generic and device-specific hazards, recalls, alerts and related data. Equally important is the effective processing of this information so that it is integrated into the routine activity of the hospital. Attention to these information sources can contribute to the broad clinical engineering goal of helping to assure the safe and effective use of medical equipment throughout the hospital.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors developed this preliminary survey in order to collect current information to answer three questions: 1) Is there reason to be concerned about the occupational health and safety of BMETs; 2) Is a larger study needed; and 3) Is continuing education about certain classes of hazards desirable? Of the 136 BMETs completing the questionnaire, 18.4% reported illnesses or disabilities believed to be job related. More than 90% of the respondents indicated a need for additional training on biological hazards in the workplaces of BMETs; likewise, 86% desired additional training on hazards related to chemicals, fire, and explosion.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Worldwide concern about AIDS has prompted concern over the prevention of, and protection from, a variety of biological hazards. Healthcare workers are at greater risk for contracting and/or transmitting certain types of contagious disease organisms because of the nature and environment of their work. In response to requests from BMETs, the author developed an educational presentation on work-related biohazards. This article, the second in a five-part series, addresses some questions commonly raised by more than 300 biomedical personnel who have attended the presentation. Recommendations are also made to help BMETs and CEs avoid occupationally acquired illnesses.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Analysis of leakage tests for surgical and examination gloves is reported. Six widely applicable tests were evaluated, using samples from 16 glove manufacturers. Various techniques for inducing sub-millimeter holes were developed and employed for creating test holes in a wide variety of gloves. The prescribed tests were performed and the results compared to calculations of expected sensitivities. In general, there was reasonable agreement between calculation and measurement (within about a factor of 2), although there were some exceptions. Minimum detectable hole sizes, before the holes were stretched by the tests, were generally in the range of 25–100 microns in diameter. Theoretical predictions of minimum detectable hole sizes for the various tests ranged from about 100–200 microns (in the stretched condition). Because of inherent limitations of the test protocols, it is clear that much larger holes can go undetected under certain circumstances, especially in examination gloves. Some test procedures had important procedural ambiguities; some tests were patently impossible to perform. All tests had inherent limitations resulting in sensitivities that varied from glove to glove or that were quite nonuniform over the surface of the glove being tested or both.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Two noninvasive methods are investigated in order to develop an experimental and mathematical model for ventilation-perfusion distribution in the human lung. In the frequency-response method, halothane gas used as a tracer is inhaled in sinusoidally varying concentrations, and the difference in amplitudes of the inspired/expired concentrations is measured. In the periodic wash-out method, five tracer gases ranging from helium (partition coefficient λ = 0.0098) to acetone (λ = 333) are administered in a stepwise input and their wash-out curves investigated. Results indicate that the pulmonary function of four healthy subjects can be represented by a homogeneous, single-compartment model, and in some cases a physiological dead space can be detected.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The application of medical expert systems is likely in some instances to result in patient injury litigation. Such legal action will be based on the same principles now applicable to medical practice and products liability. These principles define legally wrongful acts, product defects, and theories of recovery: negligence, breach of warranty and strict liability. The resolution of such litigation will depend on whether the clinician should have relied on the advice of the expert system when the advice and patient treatment is alleged to have been wrong, as well as the overall quality of the expert system, its functional design, and claims made for it. Clinical engineers who become involved with expert system development, selection or implementation should understand the risk management implications of this technology.

ISSN:0363-8855    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID