摘要:

The purpose of this study was to analyse the distribution of interstitial collagenous and noncollagenous glycoproteins of keratinized mucosa surrounding successful endosseous implants. Biopsies were incubated with highly purified antibodies against types I. III. IV collagen. laminin and fibronectin and routinely observed by immunofluorescence staining. Whereas no significative difference in the distribution of collagenous components was observed in comparison with healthy human gingiva, the collagen fibers of the connective tissue attachment ran parallel to the long axis of the implant. In 50% of the biopsies the gingival connective tissue underlying the junctional epithelium was rich in inflammatory cells and poor in collagenous components. However, the increased staining of type III collagen and the intense presence of fibronectin in this area reflect the very important remodeling ability of the local keratinized mucosa.

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050301.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that membrane permeability is necessary in bone formation using the principle of guided tissue regeneration. On the forehead of 8 rabbits. titanium test cylinders were anchored in the calvaria. These cylinders were either covered by an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e‐PTFE) membrane generating a chamber for bone formation or they were sealed off by cast titanium. The implanted cylinders were covered by resuturing the periosteum and the cutaneous flap. After 8 months of healing. new bone had formed in all cylinders in all animals irrespective of whether the chamber for bone formation was sealed off by cast titanium or the e‐PTFE membrane. Based on these results, we conclude that permeability of the membrane is not necessary in the guided generation of new b

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050302.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have previously suggested that altering the height of the porous‐coat segment of a partially porous‐coated TiAl6V4endosseous dental implant would affect the degree of crestal bone loss occurring during implant function by changing the patterns of stress transfer. This conclusion arose from the analysis of data from several different experiments and lacked a direct intra‐animal comparison. In the present study we have compared two implant designs varying only in the extent to which they were porous‐coated. With one design (type A) the coronal 1.8 mm of the implant root had a machined surface while the remainder of its length was porous‐coated with TiAl6V4beads. The other design (type B) had all but the coronal‐most 0.75 mm porous‐coated. Two implants of each type were placed in each of 4 dogs and the sites allowed to heal for 4 weeks before re‐entry and prosthesis attachment. Monthly the implant‐supported bridges were removed and radiographs exposed of each implant using a special film holder connected separately to each implant. These radiographs were analyzed for crestal bone loss using both direct visual and computer‐assisted techniques. The results showed that bone remodelled to the machined surface‐to‐porous coat junction for type B implants and achieved a steady state by 12 weeks of function, whereas a longer time was required to achieve this state with type A implants. Significantly more bone loss occurred with the type A design, and this difference was detectable as early as after the

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050303.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seventy‐six patients were consecutively treated with fixed prostheses supported by osseointegrated implants in the edentulous maxilla and followed up for 5 years. The mean bone quality and resorption indices were 3.1 and 2.7 at the time of implant placement, respectively. Altogether, 449 standard Brånemark implants were placed. Two patients resumed to complete dentures, and the cumulative implant and prosthesis survival rates were 92.1% and 95.9% for 5 years, respectively. The mean marginal bone level was 0.6 mm below the reference point at the time of placement and 1.2 mm below the same point 5 years later. Speech problems was the most frequent complaint during the first year of function, while resin fractures caused most adjustments during the follow‐up period. No implant, abutment or gold alloy screws were found to be fractured, and only 4 patients had their prostheses re‐tightened due to loose gold alloy

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050304.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

There is increasing interest in how pathways of tissue destruction around dental implants are similar as for teeth and how these pathways can be modulated to slow loss of supporting bone. The purposes of this study were to develop a short‐term animal model to study the effect of the nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug flurbiprofen, on slowing the rate of induced peri‐implant bone resorption. A total of 20 cylindrical titanium implants were placed in 2 beagle dogs using a low‐trauma surgical technique. During the 3‐month healing period without functional loading of the implants, daily oral hygiene was performed to maintain a Gingival Index of 0 to 0.5. At completion of the healing period, a baseline evaluation was performed which included the uptake of the bone‐seeking radiopharmaceutical (BSRU)99mtechnetium‐tin‐diphosphonate (99mTc‐Sn‐MDP) in peri‐implant bone and standardized radiographs. Peri‐implantitis was induced with 4‐O silk ligatures, cessation of oral hygiene and soft diet. One beagle was given 0.02 mgikg of flurbiprofen by mouth; the other received a placebo. BSRU and radiographic height of bone were remeasured to calculate the rate of bone loss during the 60‐day treatment period. The percent rate of bone loss during the study period was calculated from the radiographs using a computer‐assisted method. The radiopharmaceutical uptake for the flurbiprofen‐treated implants remained unchanged. However, BSRU for placebo‐treated implants was significantly increased from baseline. Radiographic measurements of bone height revealed that the mean rate of bone loss around implants in the flurbiprofen‐treated dog (0.066±0.351%/month) was significantly lower than the rate around implants in the placebo‐treated dogs (5.729±0.384%/month) over the 60‐day treatment period. These data indicate that peri‐implant bone loss can be rapidly induced and measured in the beagle and that flurbiprofen. administered orally, can significantly decrease

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050305.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The installation of implants directly into extraction sockets offers considerable advantages over other treatment modalities for both practitioners and patients. Usually, immediate implants are placed and subsequently covered by mucosa allowing a submerged healing mode. This report presents the rationale, clinical procedures and results for immediate transmucosal implants. Following an intracrevicular incision and flap elevation, the tooth to be extracted is carefully luxated by means of small elevators to preserve the entire bony housing of the tooth. A titanium plasma‐sprayed implant (ITI Bonefit®) is then installed at the bottom or in the wall of the extraction socket. An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene barrier membrane (Gore‐Tex GTAM®) is tightly adapted around the implant post and over the bony margins of the alveolus. The flaps are then replaced, adapted around the neck of the implant and sutured. During nonsubmerged, transmucosal healing of the site, meticulous plaque control is performed by mechanical and chemical means. Membranes are removed after 5–7 months. Since infection was prevented, the implants obtained stability, healthy peri‐implant mucosal tissues were observed and missing bone in the alveoli regenerated. Of 21 transmucosal implants placed into fresh extraction sockets, 20 yielded complete bone fill and coverage of the entire plasma‐coated implants surface at the time of membrane removal. This documentation suggests that the immediate nonsubmerged installation of an implant into an extraction socket is a predictable treatment modality with good long‐t

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050306.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this article we describe the implantation of ITI implants in combination with bone grafts. Two different cases were considered: the augmentation of an atrophic maxilla or mandible where the transplant was fixed by means of ITI implants and the implantation into free transplants fixed by means of the THORP reconstruction plate system. These indications require 2‐stage procedures with submerged implants and transplants during the healing period. For this new applications, standard ITI implants were combined with specially developed new transgingival units of high manufacturing precision. The new design resulted in a maximum tightening moment of 4.0 N.m versus 1.25 N.m achievable with a conventional 2‐mm screw. Dynamic testing showed that, for the range of tightening moments of 0.25 N.m up to 1.0 N.m, the loosening moment after 2,000,000 cycles remained approximately 10% above the tightening moment. For the clinical application a tightening moment of 0.35–0.5 N.rn is recommended. The special design and the high precision of the extension parts results in a tight adaptation between the primary implant and the extension parts, which may be important for microbiological re

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050307.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Histological examinations of clinically successful dental implants are very rare in the literature. This article presents a clinical case where an ITI hollow‐cylinder titanium implant type F (red mark, 16 mm) had to be removed simultaneously with the resection of a squamous cell carcinoma of the lower jaw. The duration of functional loading of the implant was 49 months. The fixture was situated at the margin of the tissue to be resected during tumor surgery and could therefore be prepared as a histological specimen independent of the tumorous tissue. In the sections obtained. close contact of alveolar bone to the implant surface was clearly visible. Together with the clinical success of the implant, criteria of osseointegration seems to have been matched. This observation represents the longest histological survery of a clinically successful fixture of this implant syste

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050308.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This report presents 4 cases with 6 implant exposures after the installation of Bråemark System® implants which called for treatment applying the guided bone regeneration technique. A bioresorbable barrier (GUIDOR® Matrix Barrier) was used to cover the defects, 4 defects with and 2 without the support of autologous bone chips. Complete bone filling was found in 4 (2 without and 2 with bone chips) and partial filling in 2 (with bone chips) of the treated defects, as registered at the abutment connection 6–7 months after surgery. Besides its ability to serve as a barrier for guided bone regeneration, it was found that the matrix barrier had the following properties; biocompatibility observed as uneventful tissue healing, malleability facilitating the clinical handling and ability to be resorbed within 6 to 7 months, as evaluated by clinical inspection. The observations of the present case reports indicate that the tested barrier may be used for guided bone regeneration in connection with implant installation. It is advisable, however, to use a supporting material to prevent barrier collapse, although bone regeneration can be achieved in certain situations without such material if the defect morphology is favour

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050309.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A clinical and radiographical study was performed to evaluate whether initial submergence of titanium fixtures is an obligate treatment measure for the establishment of proper bone anchorage when implants a.m. Brånemark are used. The sample was comprised of 11 subjects with edentulous mandibles. A split‐mouth design was employed; in the right mandibular quadrant a traditional 2‐step procedure for fixture installation and abutment connection was utilized, while in the left quadrant a 1‐step procedure was carried out, i.e., fixtures were placed and abutments were connected in one and the same session. Three to 4 months after fixture installation, fixed bridgeworks were fabricated and rigidly connected to the implants. Clinical examinations (including probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing and implant stability test) were performed after 12 and 18 months. Radiographs were taken following insertion of the bridges and at the 12‐ and 18‐month re‐examinations. The probing pocket depth, the bleeding on probing, the implant stability and the radiographic determinations were similar for the 2 groups of treatment alternatives. This indicates that titanium fixtures a.m. Brinemark can be properly anchored (osseointegrated) in mandibular bone and successfully used for bridge retention also when a 1‐step procedure is used for implan

ISSN:0905-7161    

DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050310.x

出版商:Munksgaard International Publishers    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY