摘要:

Comparisons of relative habitat use of red and blue duikers [Cephalophus natalensisA. Smith 1843 andC. monticola(Thünberg 1789)], bush pigs [Potamochoerus porcus(L. 1758)] and elephants in two natural forests, and to selectively felled forests were carried out by monthly censuses of duiker pellet groups/elephant dung and bush pig diggings during 1 year in 1983–84. The amount of duiker dung and bush pig diggings varied greatly between and within the different areas. The highest density of duiker pellet groups was found in a part of the lightly logged forest. In the number of diggings there were no significant differences between the forest areas. The number of pellets found correlated negatively, and the number of diggings found correlated positively with the rainfall of the previous month. The number of elephants in the Kibale Forest is roughly 1/5 of that recorded 20 years earlier. Elephants preferred selectively felled areas.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539455

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A new «armoured ground cricket»Gymnoproctus sculpturatusn. sp., is described and compared with the previously known ones. Its name refers to the strongly sculptured front part of the pronotum. The new species was collected at the Nairobi National Park as nymphs which were reared to adults under laboratory conditions in Hannover. Copulation behaviour, egg production, nymphal development and stridulation of the male are reported.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539456

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Braunsapis breviceps(Cockerell 1920), a parasitic species hitherto known from a single specimen, was found in nests of the nonparasitic speciesBraunsapis hewitti(Cameron 1908) andB. puangensis(Cockerell 1929) in Java and Malaysia.B. brevicepsis probably a social parasite; a female probably functionally replaces the egg layer in a host nest. The species has never been taken on flowers in spite of extensive collection near nest sites in Java. Morphological attributes of the parasite and of the related nonparasitic species are described, including shortened mouthparts and head as well as the reduced pollen carrying scopa. Characters of larvae are also illustrated and described.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539457

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Agabus loefflerin. sp. is described from South Ethiopia: Bale Mountains and Mt Galama. Besides a general resemblance, the extensive macropunctation of the metatibia unites the n. sp. withA. ambulatorRégimbart 1895, for which a lectotype is designated. The few known records suggest that the two species are east-west vicariants separated by the Rift Valley. Male genitalia ofA. ambulatorare described for the first time, and the reduction of the hind wing of this species is noted. The value of the subgenusNebriogabusGuignot 1936 is questioned and phylogeny is discussed.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539458

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The phoretic association between larvae of the genusCyaneolyttaPéringuey 1909, and those of another unclassified meloine with Coleoptera Carabidae of the Anthiini tribe is discussed. So far these associations have been considered to be only by chance, but probably they are connected with as yet unknown aspects of the larval biology. Some hypotheses about the possible hosts ofCyaneolytta, with particular attention to the Isoptera and to the Coleoptera Carabidae, are presented. However, it is possible that some species are parasitic on other orders of insects. The strong morphological differences of the first instar larvae are emphasized, and the larvae of three species are described. Perhaps the larva of an unclassified meloine can also be placed in this genus. On the basis of the morphology of the first instar larvae the genera and subgenera of the Meloini tribe are discussed, and a new key for their classification is proposed.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539459

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Polyrhachis muellerihas an unusual nesting behaviour: while the other leaf-nesting species ofPolyrhachishide their nests by weaving together leaves or by incorporating detritus into the silk web, P.muelleriweaves pure silk nests on the lower surfaces of large moderately translucent leaves. Any dark contents of such nests are visible from above through the leaves or from below through the thin silk wall. A special adaptation against visually hunting predators has evolved: the larvae and pupae are green. Habitat selecton, plant specificity, competition, nestbuilding, and other aspects of the behavioural ecology ofP. muelleriare discussed.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539460

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The male paraproct of the African grasshopper subfamily Eyprepocnemidinae is reviewed. Its structure is described and a function is suggested. Brief notes on its use as a taxonomic character are given.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539461

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Palmatogecko rangeiAndersson 1908 occupies compacted windward dune faces in the Namib sand sea. It excavates burrows in this compacted sand and employs the webbed feet to both break and shift the sand. High speed cinematography of digging sequences revealed that the manus undergoes both sand breaking and sand shoveling cycles, with the former having about half the duration of the latter and involving a smaller arc of excursion of the limb and manus. The pes is used in sand shoveling also and is able to deposit the sand masses moved by the manus further to the rear. It is herein postulated that interdigital webs inPalmatogeckoAndersson 1908 serve primarily in these excavatory processes and that their role as «sand shoes» in spreading the weight of the animal during locomotion is relatively minimal. The webs act as mechanical shovels and contain the loosened sand as it is transported posteriorly. Although psammophilous lizards are numerous and widespread, very few exhibit webbing of the toes. Most instead possess fringes on the digits that are used in weight support and excavating. Only in very particular sets of ecological circumstances do webs appear to be effective as alternatives to digital fringing.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539462

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Morphological, histological and histochemical investigations of the cephalic glands of Slevin's ground gecko,Stenodactylus sleviniHass 1957 have been conducted. Infralabial, sublingual, lingual, palatine and Harderian glands were detected inS. slevini, but supralabial, Gabe and salt glands are absent. Serous cells were found in the infralabial and sublingual glands, seromucous cells in the sublingual and palatine glands, mucoserous cells in the Harderian glands and mucous cells in the lingual ones. Proteins were detected mainly in the infralabial, palatine and in the deeper parts of the sublingual glands. Neural mucosubstances were found in the lingual, superficial sublingual, palatine and Harderian glands; carboxylated mucosubstances in the lingual, sublingual and Harderian glands while sulphated mucosubstances occurred only in the lingual glands.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539463

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Description of and biological notes on the second known specimen of the north Malagasy opisthoglyph colubrid snakeAlluaudina mocquardi.This specimen was also collected in a cave and in utter darkness.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1990.10539464

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor