ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00239.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00240.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00241.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Biochemical analysis of skin samples revealed that the content of type III collagen was greatly reduced in several subjects with joint hyper‐mobility, stretchability and bruisability of skin. When cultured dermal fibroblasts were found to secrete decreased amounts of type III procollagen into medium (about 30–45% the normal amount) and serum type III procollagen aminopropeptide levels were significantly lower than normal values (P<0.001).The abnormalities in type III procollagen are in keeping with Ehlers‐Danlos type IV although the clinical findings in our patients are not normally associated with this disorder. The results illustrate the clinical heterogeneity of Ehlers‐Danlos type IV and the importance of biochemical analysis, such as determination of type III procollagen aminopropeptide levels, to check type III collagen metabolism especially if there is no family history and if correct diagnosis is not reliable by clinical examinatio

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00242.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Human liver slices (surgery biopsies) were preincubated with glucagon or epinephrine for 10 min at 37°C in Krebs‐Henseleit solution at pH 7.4, in the absence or presence of glibenclamide, and then homogenized and assayed for phosphofructokinase (PFK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activity at subsaturating, near physiological, substrate concentrations (suitable for detecting regulatory effects). Preincubation with 10 μM glucagon (n= 7) or 10 μM epinephrine (n= 7) resulted in a reduction of PFK activity of 25% (P<0.02) and 29% (p<0.05), respectively. Addition of 2 μM glibenclamide in the preincubation mixture reduced the inhibitory effect of glucagon by 99% (P<0.05) and that of epinephrine by 70% (p<0.01). Likewise, 10 μM glucagon (n= 6) or 10 μM epinephrine (n= 4) reduced PK activity by 40% (P<0.01) and 46% (P<0.01), respectively. Addition of 2 μM glibenclamide significantly reduced the inhibitory effect of glucagon by 77% (P<0.05) and that of epinephrine by 33% (P<0.05). In the absence of the hormones, glibenclamide was without effect. Thus, glibenclamide opposes the inhibitory effect of glucagon and epinephrine on two key hepatic glycolytic enzymes. Since the inhibition of key glycolytic enzymes favours gluconeogenesis, the observed action of glibenclamide, if it occurs alsoin vivo, might reduce the glucagon‐ and epinephrine‐stimulated gluconeogenesis, and could be regarded as an insulin

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00243.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In order to determine whether the characteristically attenuated cell mobilization after physical stress in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or sarcoidosis is disease specific or the result of lower tolerance for such stress, SLE and sarcoidosis patients as well as healthy volunteers were subjected to an acoustic stress model, independent of physical capacity. After a 10‐min period of intermittent acoustic stress, healthy subjects showed significant increases in leucocyte and lymphocyte counts, marked relative elevations of B and T suppressor cytotoxic lymphocytes (P<0.01), and a relative reduction in T helper lymphocytes (P<0.01). By contrast, this degree of change was significantly less pronounced in the 14 female SLE patients studied (P<0.01) as compared with the healthy controls, but not in the 12 sarcoidosis patients tested. No dependence was found between the severity of disease or administration of corticosteroid therapy and cell mobilization. It is yet to be determined whether the attenuated response of SLE patients to stress is a consequence of pathophysiological mechanisms or plays an aetiopathogenic role in the course of the diseas

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00244.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The efficacy and pharmacokinetics of the diuretic piretanide were studied in two groups of six patients hospitalized for congestive heart failure. A dosage of 2 times 6 mg day‐1to 2 times 12 mg day‐1of intravenous piretanide for 7 days was sufficient to abrogate most symptoms of cardiac insufficiency. When compared with another group of healthy volunteers, patients with congestive heart failure had reduced total body clearance of piretanide of about 50% which was attributable to a diminished renal but not non‐renal clearance. The analysis of the interrelationship between urinary piretanide excretion and diuresis by means of a linearizedEmax‐model revealed a maximal diuresis of 231 ml h‐1and a urinary piretanide excretion to induce half‐maximal diuresis of 245 μg h‐1. Thus patients with congestive heart failure exhibit a decreased renal clearance of piretanide and a good response to this high ceiling diuretic after intr

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00245.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Non‐invasive methods to detect small intestinal bacterial overgrowth often lack specificity in patients who have undergone an ileal resection or have an accelerated intestinal transit. Since elevated serum unconjugated bile acid levels have been found in patients with clinical signs of bacterial overgrowth, we studied the clinical value of unconjugated serum bile acids as a marker of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Patients with culture‐proven bacterial overgrowth had significantly elevated fasting unconjugated serum bile acid levels (median and range: 4.5; 1.4–21.5 μmol l‐1) as compared to healthy subjects (0.9; 0.3–1.7 μmol l‐1,P<0.005), to persons with an accelerated intestinal transit (1.0; 0.3–1.9 μmol l‐1,P<0.005) and to persons who have undergone an ileal resection (2.1; 0.7–3.6 μmol l‐1P<0.005). The same was true 30 and 60 min after ingestion of a Lundh meal. Serum unconjugated bile acid levels above 4 μmol l‐1were found in eight of 10 patients with culture‐proven small intestinal bacterial overgrowth whereas serum levels above 4 μmol l‐1were found in none of the patients from the three control groups. These results suggest that determination of unconjugated serum bile acids is of clinical value in the evaluation of patients suspected of small

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.To gain more insight into the genetic vs. environmental influence of the apoE phenotypes on plasma lipoprotein variation we studied human umbilical cord sera at birth. Apolipoprotein E genetic phenotypes were determined in 110 individuals by immunoblottrag and shown to be identical to the adult human isoforms with six phenotypes present and occurring at a similar frequency as reported previously for the adult population in the same area. Total serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were low in the neonates and did not differ significantly between apoE phenotypes. On the other hand as in the aduit, levels of apoE and B differed significantly between the phenotypes. ApoE was highest in individuals with the 62 allele and lowest in individuals expressing apoE4, and vice versa for apoB.We conclude that apoE phenotypes in human umbilical cord blood serum are already associated with pronounced differences in apoE and B levels in the newborn. The study demonstrates that the association of apoE and apoB levels with the apoE polymorphism occurs independently of significant enteral nutrition in the relatively constantin uteroenvironment.

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Administration of moderate pharmacological doses of oestrogen to cholesterol‐fed rabbits for 12 weeks resulted in a dramatically retarded development of arterial lesions as compared to non‐oestrogen‐treated, cholesterol‐fed rabbits (7% vs. 47% aortal involvement). Oestrogen treatment was associated with a retarded increase in plasma cholesterol, and five times higher high density lipoprotein (HDL) to very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol ratio. Expression of hepatic lipoprotein receptor activity, as detected by heparin‐releasable binding of125I‐hyper‐cholesterolaemic VLDL, was heavily suppressed by cholesterol feeding. Administration of oestrogen modulated this reponse and resulted in higher receptor expression. In accordance, oestrogen treatment resulted in a less prominent reduction of125I‐hypercholesterolaemic VLDL clearance in the cholesterol‐fed rabbits. VLDL from both groups of cholesterol‐fed animals stimulated cholesteryl ester synthesis in cultured macrophages to the same extent. Thus, in rabbits under a dietary cholesterol load, oestrogen counteracted hepatic lipoprotein receptor suppression, reduced plasma VLDL‐ and increased plasma HDL‐cholesterol levels, and to a large extent abolished the develop

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1989.tb00248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY