ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Biochemical, histological and crystallographic studies were carried out on the pure exocrine pancreatic juice of calcium treated dogs and of normal dogs.2The ionic equilibrium was changed leading to modifications of protein and calcium solubilities with formation of protein and calcium precipitates.3Plugs were further studied: three components were identified, (a) cells mostly of ductal origin, (b) calcium salt already crystallized in the plug on coming out of the duct, (c) protein material in the central part of the plug.4The importance of these data is in relation with pancreatic disorders by hypercalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism.

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Human polymorphonuclear leucocytes were found to respond to activation by immunoglobulin opsonized latex particles and to complement opsonized zymosan particles with a rapid transient increase in cAMP concentration, dissociation of the cAMP dependent protein kinase, activation of gly‐cogen phosphorylase and glycogen break down. However, since phosphorylase kinase was not activated, the activation of phosphorylase is believed to be secondary to non‐covalent activation of phosphorylase kinase by Ca2+.Activation by the soluble stimulator phorbol myri‐state acetate resulted in activation of phosphorylase and glycogen break down, whereas no changes in cAMP concentration, protein kinase activity, or phosphorylase kinase activity were observed. The activation of phosphorylase is ascribed to an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration.The response to stimulation by zymosan was strongly inhibited by ethylene glycol‐bis‐(b‐aminoethyl ether)‐N,N'‐tetraacetic acid, which did not affect stimulation by either latex particles or phorbol myristate acetate. The same differential effect of ethylene glycol‐bis‐(8‐aminoethyl ether)‐N,N'‐tetra‐acetic acid was observed when the response of the cells was measured as increase in oxygen consumption and activation of the

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In a preceding prospective study an increased high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)‐cholesterol and apolipoprotein (apo) A‐I concentration occurred in healthy, non‐obese, initially sedentary men, aged 30–44 years, after 3 months of physical training. Dietary history data revealed an increase in the absolute amount of fat‐intake. In the present study we investigated whether a changed fat intake would influence the levels of lipoproteins, especially the HDL fraction, in twenty‐three regularly conditioning men, aged 30–44 years, with a maximal aerobic capacity of 53.4 ml/kg x min‐1± 0.8, mean ± SE. Ten subjects participated in an experimental group and thirteen in a control group. The experimental group studied before, after 4 weeks on a fat‐rich diet (fifty‐four energy‐% fat, twenty‐nine energy‐% carbohydrate) and after 4 weeks on a fat‐poor diet (twenty‐nine energy‐% fat, fiftythree energy‐% carbohydrate).The data reveal that these large dietary changes did not influence HDL‐cholesterol concentrations (1.71 ± O.10, 1.69± 0.12, 1.59± 0.13 mmol/l, mean ± SE, during ordinary, fat‐rich and fat‐poor diet, respectively) and only influenced apo A‐I levels to a minor degree after the fat‐poor diet (1 34 ± 6.1, 134f7.1 and 123 ± 4.7 arbitrary units, mean values ± SE) during ordinary, fat‐rich and fat‐poor diet, respectively). No changes were observed in the controls before and after 8 weeks. During the study training habits and body weight were constant.These findings show that large variations in the intake of dietary neutral fat only to a minor extent influence the level of

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02115.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Mean levels of 8‐thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were highly significantly elevated in diabetes compared to controls (72.6 v. 36.3 ng/ml, P<0.0005; 48.5 v. 16.5 ng/ml, P<0.0005; respectively) as was malondialdehyde formation (12.4 v. 8.1 nmol/109platelets, P<0–0005). Diabetics with retinopathy had significantly higher levels of ß‐thromboglobulin than those without retinopathy (79 v. 70 ng/ml; P<0.042). However, those diabetics without clinical evidence of vascular disease had levels of ß‐thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 significantly higher than controls.β‐Thromboglobulin did not correlate with glycosylated haemoglobin but did correlate significantly with individual lipid and lipoprotein levels (ß‐thromboglobulin v. total triglyceride, P<0–029; u. VLDL triglyceride, P<0441; v. LDL cholesterol, P

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02116.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.recovery from acute hypoglycaemia induced by the injection of insulin has been examined in six human subjects under control conditions, under nonselective beta blockade (propranolol) and under selective beta] blockade (metoprolol). The normal blood glucose recovery was biphasic with an initial rapid and a slower subsequent phase of recovery. The early recovery mechanism was unaffected by either form of beta blockade, but with propranolol the late phase of recovery was significantly prolonged. Rises in blood lactate and plasma free fatty acids following hypoglycaemia were markedly reduced by propranolol but to a much lesser degree with metoprolol. The counterregulatory hormonal responses of glucagon, cortisol and growth hormone were augmented appropriately for the prolonged hypoglycaemia associated with propranolol.Non‐selective beta adrenergic blockade with propranolol is associated with an impairment of the late phase of blood glucose recovery from hypoglycaemia. The possible mechanisms of this impairment are discusse

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Mechanical occlusions were created in the intestines of four germ‐free dogs. At the time of the operation, a control loop of mid‐intestine was perfusedin vivoand then excised for examinationsin vitro, which included the determination of the equilibrium uptake of phenylalanine and of ß‐methyl‐glucoside, the influx kinetics of phenylalanine and morphometric analysis of the mucosa by microdissection and stereological techniques. Seven days after establishment of the occlusion the abdomen was reopened, and loops above and below the occlusion were perfused, and then excised for the same testsin vitro.Unlike occluded loops of conventional dogs, the intestine of the germ‐free animal above the occlusion does not secrete water and electrolytes into the lumen. Its transport propertiesin vitrodo not differ from those of the control loop, and the morphometric analyses reveal only slight changes in villus structure. The loop below the obstruction undergoes marked atrophy, as has been observed in conventional dogs.The results suggest that the copious secretion that occurs above an intestinal obstruction in normal animals is due to the presence of an abundant bacterial population in the obstruc

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The increase in mortality from cardiovascular disease in the presence of electrocardiographic signs of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has been ascribed to ischaemic changes in the hypertrophied left ventricle even in the absence of overt coronary artery disease.To test this hypothesis and to investigate the usefulness in the detection of LVH myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with thallium‐201 and echocardiography was performed in thirty‐three hypertensive patients. Sixteen had had electrocardiographic signs of left ventricular hypertrophy. Twelve patients had symptoms of cardiovascular disease. In twenty‐six subjects the scintigraphic procedure consisted of a combined restexercise study, in the other seven only resting images were obtained. Measurement of septa1 wall thickness on the scintiscans correlated fairly well with echographic dimensions and allowed separation of a group of patients with LVH from a group without. In individual patients, however, the perfusion scan was not a reliable tool to affirm the presence of LVH. A total of eight patients, six with LVH on the echocardiogram, had an abnormal rest‐exercise perfusion scan, either with a new perfusion defect after exercise and/or with a resting defect alone. In nine other patients with echocardiographic LVH, on the other hand, no abnormal perfusion was found. Thus, perfusion abnormalities did not correlate with the presence of LVH. The presence of such abnormalities in relation to increasing age and symptomatic cardiovascular disease could well be the expression of anatomic coronary artery disease and cannot be differentiated from the possible ischaemia of the hypertrophied left ve

ISSN:0014-2972    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1981.tb02119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY