摘要:

The brains of 23 canine patients and six random‐source dogs were examined ultrasonographically through the bregmatic fontanelle or a surgical craniotomy. Fifteen dogs had abnormal neurologic signs; the others were normal on neurologic examination. Untrasound results were compared with signalment, clinical signs, electroencephalography, computed tomography, radiology and histopathology. The purposes of the study were to demonstrate the use of ultrasound for the diagnosis of canine hydrocephalus and to determine whether there is a relationship between ventricular size and clinical signs. Lateral ventricles were considered enlarged if lateral ventricular height, ventricle‐mantle ratio, or ventricle‐hemisphere ratio, at the level of or caudal to the interthalamic adhesion in the transverse plane, exceeded 0.35 cm, 0.25 or 0.19, respectively. Of the 29 dogs examined, 14 had enlarged lateral ventricles and abnormal neurologic signs. Five dogs had enlarged lateral ventricles but appeared neurologically normal (occult hydrocephalus). Correlation was poor between ventricular size and clinical

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00782.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ultrasonography was effectively used to evaluate lateral cerebral ventricles in 28 dogs with persistent fontanelles. There was a significant incidence of ventriculomegaly in miniature and brachycephalic breeds. No relationship was found between the size and the fontanelle and the presence or size of ventriculomegaly. A significant relationship was found between the presence of a fontanelle and the presence of ventriculomegaly. There was no statistically significant relationship found between the presence of clinical signs and ventricular size.

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00783.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00784.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cisternography combined with linear tomography was performed in ten clinically healthy dogs (weighing 14‐33 kg) to visualize the pituitary gland, and results were compared with the results from sagittal midline computed tomography (CT) in these dogs. With cisternography, the length of the pituitary gland of nine dogs ranged from 5.7 to 9.9 mm (mean ± SD, 7.9 ± 1.3), and the width from 5.4 to 8.7 mm (6.4 ± 1.0). With sagittal linear tomography following cisternography, the height of the pituitary gland of these nine dogs ranged from 4 to 6 mm (5.1 ± 0.7); and, with sagittal CT, it ranged from 4.3 to 6 mm (5.0 ± 0.6). In an 11‐year‐old female Greyhound, two small nodules were found at the periphery of the pituitary gland using cisternography but were not recognized on CT images. It is concluded that cisternography combined with linear tomography is a safe and accurate alternative for the visualization of the pituitary gland when CT is not

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00785.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cisternography combined with sagittal linear tomography was performed in eight dogs with pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism, in search of pituitary lesions. In one dog with a pituitary microadenoma, the dimensions of the pituitary gland were within normal limits. In six dogs the pituitary gland was enlarged. In the remaining dog the pituitary gland was also enlarged, but could not be measured due to absence of contrast medium in the cisternae around the pituitary gland. In these seven dogs large pituitary tumors were found at autopsy. With linear tomography the height of the pituitary gland could only be measured in the dog with the microadenoma. In all other dogs compression of the subarachnoid space at the dorsal aspect of the pituitary gland interfered with the assessment of the height of the pituitary lesion, and therefore with the assessment of the presence and extent of compression of the hypothalamus. It is concluded that cisternography combined with linear tomography provides information about the size of the pituitary gland and the presence of suprasellar expansion, although the present technique does not allow an assessment of the severity of the suprasellar expansio

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00786.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thoracic radiographs of 346 dogs, diagnosed as having primary neoplasms, were reviewed for radiographic changes associated with pulmonary metastatic disease at the time of initial presentation. Dogs having radiographic changes of single or multiple interstitial nodular opacities, in the absence of concurrent intrathoracic disease, were considered to have pulmonary metastatic disease. The frequency of metastasis associated with each histologic tumor type was compared by chi‐squared analysis. Dogs having primary thyroid carcinomas and transitional cell carcinomas demonstrated the greatest frequency of radiographic changes, 62.5% and 26% respectively. In dogs having a variety of other neoplasms, including nasal adenocarcinomas and cutaneous neoplasms, thoracic radiography proved useful in delineating intercurrent disease and staging, as well as the extent of neoplastic involvement. These results indicate early radiographic evaluation of the thorax should be performed on all dogs with confirmed or suspected primary neoplasm

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00787.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Enteric duplication, a developmental malformation of the alimentary tract resulting in juxtaintestinal cyst‐like formations, was diagnosed in 2 dogs. The sonographic, gross, and histopathologic characteristics of the malformation reported in people include: a fusion between the wall of the duplication cyst and the adjoining segment of the alimentary tract, a hypoechoic tunica muscularis layer in the outer free wall of the cyst, a shared muscular wall between the cyst and the adjoining normal bowel, and a similar or heterotopic epithelial lining of the lumen of the cyst. Both dogs in this series had characteristic sonographic, gross and histopathologic patterns described for enteric duplication in people. Three adjoining cysts that communicated and shared a common wall with the ileum were present in the first dog. Ectopic gastric mucosa was present in the single cyst that shared a common wall with the jejunum in the second dog. Other abdominal cystic masses may mimic the gross appearance of the duplication cyst and can potentially result in a misdiagnosis of the underlying etiology. Sonographic findings are characteristic for duplication cysts and are the preferred primary diagnostic modality, however, histopathology is warranted to confirm the diagnosi

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00788.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Right lateral thoracic radiographs from four groups of age and weight matched cats were evaluated retrospectively to determine the utility of thoracic mensuration in distinguishing the cause of pleural effusion. Group 1 cats had no thoracic abnormalities (n = 40); Group 2 cats had cardiomegaly without pleural effusion (n = 12); Group 3 cats had noncardiogenic pleural effusion (n = 10); Group 4 cats had cardiogenic pleural effusion (n = 18). Measurements obtained from the radiographs demonstrated tracheal elevation in cats with cardiomegaly alone and in cats with pleural effusion, regardless of cause. These data demonstrate that pleural effusion displaces the thoracic viscera dorsally, thereby mimicking cardiomegaly. Similar measurements failed to differentiate cardiogenic from noncardiogenic pleural effusion, with the exception of the lateral thoracic dimension.

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00789.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Computed tomographic anatomy of the normal canine ethmoid region using both transverse and dorsal imaging plane is described. In the transverse plane, the cribriform plate appears as an irregular heart‐shaped to rectangular structure that is generally visualized on no more than one to two contiguous 4‐mm slices. In the dorsal plane, the cribriform plate appears as a discrete “V”‐shaped structure and can be visualized on four to five contiguous slices. Successful visualization of the cribriform was less dependent on patient positioning for the dorsal plane imaging studies. Computed tomographic findings in four dogs with chronic nasal disease and complete postmortem examination of the ethmoid region indicate that the dorsal imaging plane allows a more accurate assessment of cribriform plate involvement than the transverse imag

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00790.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1990.tb00791.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY