ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110202

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110203

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110204

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110205

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper expands on the work of Crowl [1] by using thermodynamic availability to calculate the energy of explosion for compressed gases.The results show that thermodynamic availability is a completely general approach, including effects due to chemical reaction and mechanical expansion. For the case of a non‐reactive gas, a general equation is presented to determine the energy of explosion due to mechanical expansion of the gas. The energy determined using availability is much less than the energy determined assuming an isothermal expansion and usually much more than the energy determined assuming an isentropic expansion. Since availability is a state function, the energy determined is independent of the pat

ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110206

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article presents an abstract of important additions and revisions to the Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures published by CCPS in 1985. It includes:An outline of the background and purpose of the projectAn overview of the importance of hazard identification and evaluation studies, including benefits and limitationsAn overview of the new chaptersDiscussion of Hazard Identification Methods and results

ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110207

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe forthcoming CCPS Guidelines for Effective Handling of Emergency Release Effluents includes the methodology for defining effluent flow rates and characteristics during emergency pressure relief event. The intent is to provide the user with relief systems in a typical process unit without requiring expert assistance or access to other documents. Cases requiring special design training and methodology due to combinations of multi‐phase, multi‐component, reactive, geometric and thermodynamic complexities are identified and illustrated in the Guidelines. However, the complete design technology for such cases is beyond the scope of these Guidelines; reference is given to applicable docume

ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110208

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMinimum ignition energy (MIE) test methods for gases, liquid mists and dust suspensions are reviewed. A compilation of gas MIEs is given and applications described both in assessing static ignition risks for flammable liquids and the basic requirements for static grounding. The relevance of liquid electrical properties is discussed and a large compilation provided. MIE interpretation problems are discussed with emphasis on dust suspensions.

ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110209

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany hazardous industrial chemicals are stored as liquidfied compressed gases. To evaluate the possible consequences of a pipeline rupture, hose break, or tank puncture, the safety or process engineer needs a means to estimate the two‐phase (liquid and gas) flow rate. Recent technical advances by the American Institute of Chemical Engineers Design Institute of Emergency Relief Systems (DIERS) have produced methods that can be used to compute the two‐phase flow rate. These methods are simple and can be completed using a personal computer and a standard spreadsheet program such as Excel (Macintosh) or Lotus (DOS based). This paper presents the two‐phase flow rate calculation method and shows how spreadsheets can be used for these calcula

ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110210

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA change in the normal routine at a factory, which produced a cellulose‐based product, necessitated taking the individual blocks of material from a hot curing process (ca. 200°C) and packing them before they had cooled to an appreciable extent. Spontaneous ignition took place in the packaged material some hours later. Considerable damage to buildings and other losses were incurred. The ambient temperature within the store was not sufficiently high to cause thermal ignition. The problem proved to be a special but not necessarily unusual case in which the onset of ignition was governed by the initial temperature of assembly of the packaged material. These circumstances have been recognized in the fibreboard manufacturing industry for example, such that US legislation requires the cooling of newly manufactured boards below a specified temperature before stacking takes place [1].We discuss the theoretical background to this type of problem, based on an adaptation of thermal ignition theory with conductive heat transport (Frank‐Kamenetskii conditions). We obtained the appropriate kinetic and thermochemical parameters for exothermic reaction in a cellulosic material in order to apply the theory. We were then able to calculate a maximum packing temperature to expedite safe but efficient storage or transport. The numerical calculations to solve the spatial and time dependent energy conservation equations by use of the finite difference method required a three dimensional grid, set up as 203mesh points, equivalent to cube‐shaped, packaged material in the practical application. Most of the calculations were performed on a personal co

ISSN:0278-4513    

DOI:10.1002/prsb.720110211

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY