摘要:

AbstractOver the past 3.5 yr, we have examined 195 head and neck fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) specimens from three diverse medical settings. Specimens were collected in saline solution or Saccomanno fixative and processed using cytocentrifugation or membrane filtration. This allowed us simultaneously to perform cytologic evaluations, special stains, and immunologic marker studies from a single specimen. Good correlation between clinical experience with FNA and obtaining satisfactory specimens was demonstrated. Our sensitivity (89%) and specificity (94%) reflect problems associated with specimen collection in a training environment where clinician experience with the procedure is low. A definitive diagnosis was possible in most cases, and the treatment plan was often based on the FNA results. In patients without a history of a primary malignancy, a FNA done early in the clinical course helped direct the initial workup of the patient, saving time and expens

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe significance of malignant cells in a body fluid is often difficult to determine if that fluid is contaminated by blood containing malignant cells. This problem is most often seen in examination of CSF from patients with lymphoma or leukemia. We suggest a statistical model of this problem in which the numbers of malignant cells in the blood and the fluid specimen are related to the number of red blood cells. Using the Poisson distribution, the probability of finding the observed number of malignant cells in the fluid is calculated and used as the basis for suggesting whether these cells are likely to represent contamination effect or true involvement of the fluid by the malignancy. The limitations and applicability of this process are discussed.

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe follicular variant of thyroid papillary carcinoma (FVTPC) is an uncommon neoplasm with the architectural features of a follicular lesion and the nuclear characteristics of a papillary carcinoma. The fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) appearance is underreported in the literature. Three cases of histologically confirmed FVTPC that were aspirated prior to surgery are presented. Although the cytological features were suspicious or confirmatory of a low‐grade thyroid carcinoma, they did not convey a specific diagnosis of the FVTPC. We suggest that this variant is recognizable as a neoplasm requiring surgical excision on FNA, but that the cytological appearance does not allow its specific diagno

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article reports on a series of 432 patients with positive respiratory (sputum and bronchial) cytology and proven malignant respiratory tract disease as corroborated by detailed verification criteria; 54 of these patients were diagnosed as having small‐cell anaplastic carcinoma (SCAC). None of the 31 patients with autopsy‐and/or biopsy‐proven disease had false‐positive results for SCAC. Typing accuracy for SCAC versus non‐SCAC was 97.7% in the 263 patients with histologic confirmation of their respiratory tract disease. Twenty‐three of the 54 patients (42.6%) were treated for SCAC solely on the basis of positive cytology in the context of compatible clinical data. This finding underscores the great importance of proper specimen preparation, quality control procedures, and diligent clinical follow‐up in an era of heightened cost‐containment awareness when many patients with pulmonary SCAC will be treated on the basis of positive cytology not immediately confirmed by histologic methods.Diagn Cytopatho

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the breast is a minimally invasive yet maximally diagnostic method, often precluding the need of an open biopsy. In young women, in whom breast cancer is a rare disorder, it is also important that carcinoma is recognized without delay so that an appropriate plan of management can be adopted. In this study, we reviewed our experience in a total of 3,226 needle aspirates of breast with particular emphasis on the diagnosis of carcinoma in women under the age of 30.Diagn Cytopathol1988;4:206–

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe studied the cytologic features of ten cases of nephrogenic adenoma, a benign proliferative lesion of urothelium that is typically associated with prior trauma or urothelial irritation. The typical cytologic features consisted of numerous vacuolated polygonal cells, including signet‐ring‐like cells, that were isolated or formed papillae or loose groups. Columnar cells and occasional glandular structures were also seen. The cells typically exhibited no or only mild nuclear atypia. There was often a background of acute inflammation. The differential diagnosis of urinary cytologic specimens with these features includes degenerative changes, changes induced by instrumentation, and, most importantly, adenocarcinoma and low‐grade papillary transitional‐cell carcinoma.Diagn Cytopathol1988;4:

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distinction between repair atypia and carcinoma in esophageal brushings is often difficult. To establish criteria for making this distinction, the cytologic smears from 121 consecutive esophageal brushings and the companion biopsies were reviewed. The most reliable criteria for malignancy included sharply angulated nuclear rims, a high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, and coarsely granular chromatin. Nuclei bearing these features were not numerous and had to be carefully sought. Nuclear pleomorphism was a more consistent feature, but it showed considerable overlap with epithelial repair. Cytologic features of multiple nucleoli, macronucleoli, and loss of polarity were common to both repair and carcinoma. Adherence to the criteria established in this study permits the distinction between repair atypia and carcinoma in almost all cases; however, there are lesions of the esophagus with such overlap between the features of repair and carcinoma that it may not be possible to reach a definitive diagnosis. Specific examples, with illustrations, are discussed as diagnostic guides.

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe value of the Papanicolaou‐stained vaginopancervical (Fast) smear in the detection of chlamydial infection has been disputed. We examined 116 satisfactory Fast smears from 203 women enrolled in the Johns Hopkins Fertility Control Clinic and compared tissue‐culture results with cytopathologic detection using various published morphologic criteria. All Chlamydia culture‐positive cases were reviewed, and certain cytologic features considered helpful in the detection of chlamydial infection in cervical smears obtained from this selected high‐risk population were identified. The changes that had the highest correlation with tissue culture included fine vacuolation ofmetaplastic endocervical cells, giving their cytoplasm a rarefied “moth‐eaten” appearance. Using these criteria, cytopathologic changes of chlamydial infection were observed in 24 of 28 cases of tissue‐culture‐positive cases and in 8 of 88 tissue‐culture‐negative cases. The sensitivity and specificity of the Fast‐smear cytodiagnosis of Chlamydia infection utilizing these morphologic changes and compared with tissue culture were 86% and 91%, respectively. Other cytologic features, including inflammatory background and intracytoplasmic structures consistent with initial and intermediate chlamydial bodies within the metaplastic cells, were found to be useful although less specific and less sensitive. The implications of these diagnostic features, the conditions to be considered in their differential diagnosis, and the pitfalls of chlamydial cytodiagnosis and the chlamydia culture studies have been critically reviewed. Study design and the high unsatisfactory cervical smear rate are discussed. Diagn Cy

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEnzymatic methylation of mammalian DNA is closely related to the replication process; also, the synthesis of DNA meth‐ylase, an enzyme that is responsible for this process, is cell cycle related. A monoclonal antibody against DNA methylase recognizes proliferatively active cells in the heterogenous population. We used this antibody to identify the proliferative state of different cell types in normal vaginal smears and in smears of patients with precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. In all preparations, the normal epithelial cells remained unstained. The majority of cancer cells gave a positive immunocytochemical signal indicating the presence of DNA methylase antigen and the proliferative state. Staining was also observed in dyskaryotic cells, particularly in nuclei of parabasal‐type cells.Diagn Cytopathol1988;4:230

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma presenting with ascitic fluid is reported. Cytology of the ascitic fluid showed the presence of cilia on most of malignant tumor cells. These tumor cells occurred singly; cilia usually appeared in unipolar locations. Immunocytochemical studies were performed on the ascitic fluid samples as well as tissue sections. CA19‐9, CA125, CA50, and epithelial antigens were positive, while carcinoembryonic antigen was negative. The positive reactions were characteristic for cilia of the tumor cells. The findings also emphasize that positive reaction of these markers will usually exclude a noncommon epithelial tumor, but will not distinguish between benign and malignant ovarian tumors. Report of cilia‐bearing tumor cells in ascitic fluid are few; no one, to the best of our knowledge, has previously documented the immunocytochemistry of these tumor ce

ISSN:8755-1039    

DOI:10.1002/dc.2840040311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY