摘要:

AbstractSocial interactions, site attachment and group cohesion were studied in a free‐living colony ofEpomophorusfruit bats. Daily activities in an undisturbed colony were recorded. Special attention was paid to the peculiar calling behaviour of courting ♂♂ during the night. Structure and repetition rate of their sounds were analyzed in the laboratory. A special mode of acoustic interaction was found and related to the observed spacing out of calling ♂♂ By following feeding animals in the field and by analysis of their faeces we found that besides fruits they eat special leaves which afford steroidal s

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00941.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudied two types of mate‐orientation behavior in ♂♂ of the sweat bee,Lasioglossum rohweri: microterritoriality and patrolling. Observations were made in both the laboratory and the field. These ♂♂ behave uniquely for Hymenoptera in that 2–5 of them establish microterritories immediately around the same nest entrance. Some ♂♂ are exclusively patrollers, flying about flowers and nest sites. Rendezvous places (locations where animals are likely to find mates) in bees are: flowers, nesting sites, vegetative parts of plants, nest entrances, air, and nests. Territoriality in male bees may have arisen independently in 7 of the 9 f

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00942.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sexual activity declines after castration in all mammalian species studied (Beach 1948, Beach and Pauker 1949, Beach 1970, Grunt and Young 1953, Michael and Wilson 1974, Phoenix, Slob and Goy 1973, Rosenblatt and Aronson 1958). The rate of decline of sexual behaviour is generally slower than that of the function of the accessory sexual glands. Two factors have been suggested to contribute to the maintenance of sexual behaviour for some time after castration: secretion of androgen from the adrenal cortex and sexual experience. However, adrenalectomy does not seem to influence post‐castrational behaviour in hamsters (Warren and Aronson 1956), dogs (Schwartz and Beach 1954), rats (Bloch and Davidson 1968), mice (Burge and Edwards 1971), and cats (Cooper and Aronson 1958), and the degree of sexual experience appears to be of little importance for the postcastrational behaviour of rats (Bloch and Davidson 1968, Rabedeau and Whalen 1959) and dogs (Hart 1968). But male cats with sexual experience continue to mate after castration for a considerably longer period than inexperienced cats (Rosenblatt and Aronson 1958). Some experienced animals were able to achieve insertion at the 10th week after castration, whereas none of the inexperienced animals did so after the first week. In conclusion, the importance of experience seems to vary between species, whereas the adrenal androgens are of doubtful significance for postcastrational behaviour. We have casually observed that castrated rabbits retain their sexual vigour longer if they are given extensive precastrational experience. The importance of experience has now been studied systematically in animals of mixed strains generally used in the laboratory. As a comparison, we studied the postcastrational behaviour in some New Zealand White rabbits with extensive sexual experienc

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00943.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo investigate the functional significance of the behaviour of large mammals in hot, arid conditions, field observations were made of the behaviour of red kangaroos. The behaviour of individual animals was recorded in detail during hot summer days and measurements of the prevailing temperature and radiation environment were made. Changes in the postures adopted by animals during the day are described in relation to environmental conditions; and the occurrence of certain postures and behaviours at periods of greatest heat stress is reported.

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00944.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDifferent phases of the reproductive behaviour ofSminthurus viridisare analysed. Stalked spermatophores are deposited by the ♂, but the sperm is transmitted during a primitive courtship.Oviposition consists of characteristic sequences, present in all species which deposit coated eggs. Here, however, the shortness of the sequences results from the eggs being laid in batches and from the frequently dry conditions in the natural biotope of this species.The anatomy of the genital organs of ♂♂ and ♀♀ is described, with a particular study of the genital plate of the

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00945.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00946.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY