摘要:

AbstractAfrican wild dogs were studied from 1967 to 1978 on the Serengeti Plains in northern Tanzania. The main objectives were to determine the status of the sub‐population and to elucidate the ecology and behavior of this social carnivore. This paper describes the decline of the sub‐population, the dynamics of pack composition, and patterns of disper

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe question whether vocal inventories have a discrete or continuous character is discussed by means of the wild boar vocalizations. The nonreproducibility of the calls, the characteristics of receivers, the redundancy in the calls, the behavioural context, other information channels, the synchronization of vocalization and motion, the morphological long‐time variation of the individuals, the influence of excitement on the utterances argue against fixed patterns in the vocalization. On the other hand, individual recognition and calls with a specific function and structure (warning calls, sexual calls etc.) argue in favour of the existence of acoustic invariants and hence a roughly discrete character of the call

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSome aspects of the nutritional behaviour of the Okorobikó‐Matama (Rio Muni, West Africa) chimpanzees have been studied over two periods — from June 1963 to September 1964 and from July 1966 to February 1969. This research totaled 640 h, 119 of which were in sustained contact with the animals.We have compiled a list of 43 plant and two termite species consumed by the chimpanzees. We studied the relative importance of the plants consumed in terms of the four principal biotopes and seasonal cycles, the feeding behavior, the rhythm of activity and chimpanzees' vertical stratification during feeding. We also took into account group dynamics as a function of feeding, communication and polyspecific associations with other primates. We finally compared some aspects of the nutrition of these chimpanzees with that of gorillas living in nearby z

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe nesting biology ofMischocyttarus flavitarsisin southeastern Arizona is described and compared with that of three tropical species ofMischocyttarus. Behavioral characteristics of ♀♀ on nests, productivity and survivorship of nests and adults, and mating behavior of (♂♂ are emphasized. Predation on and parasitism of nests and adults are discussed in relation to social b

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEcology and mating system ofA. akallopisoswere investigated at Aldabra Atoll and data compared withA. bicinctusfrom the Red Sea.A. akallopisosinhabitsRadianthus ritteri, a colonial species forming aggregations up to 198 anemones.A. bicinctusoccupiesGyrostoma helianthus, a solitary‐living anemone. BothAmphiprionspecies are monogamous.A. akallopisos, on its larger host clusters, forms groups of up to 9 adults, consisting of a large breeding ♂, a functional breeding ♂ and a varying number of non‐breeding ♂♂. A size‐dependent aggressive hierarchy exists; as the breeding ♂ prevents all others from mating with the ♀, monogamy obtains even in larger groups. The ♀ — a breeding ♂♂ having changed sex — defends and monopolizes a territory and so attracts and controls potential mates. The ♀‐dominance system, resource defence and distribution, inter‐ and intrasexual competition are discussed in the light of Emlen and Oring's (1977) theories. The manyA. akallopisosnon‐breeding ♂♂ in the overall population and in groups are suggested to be helpers. InAmphiprionhelping would not mean caring for the eggs to increase the breeders' reproductive success. One could speculate that nonbreeding adults improve their own reproductive chances by remaining on the breeders' territory and

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Northup, L. R. (1977): Temporal patterning of grooming in three lines of mice: some factors influencing control levels of a complex behaviour (Zeitmuster des Putzverhaltens bei drei Mäusestämmen: Welche Faktoren beeinflussen den Handlungsablauf?).Polsky, R. H. (1977): The ontogeny of predatory behaviour in the Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus a. auratus) I. The influence of age and experience II. The nature of the experience (Die Entwicklung des Beutefangverhaltens beim Goldhamster I. Einfluß von Alter und Erfahrung, II.Henry, J. D. (1977): The use of urine marking in the scavenging behavior of the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) (Die Verwendung von Harnmarken beim nahrungsuchenden Rotfuchs).Rohwer, S. (1977): Status signaling in Harris Sparrows: Some experiments in deception (Rangabzeichen bei Großammerfinken: einige Täuschungsversuche).Green, C. D. (1977): Simulation of nematode attraction to a point in a flat field (Ein Simulaticnsmodell: wie gelangt ein Fadenwurm zu einem anziehenden Punkt in der Ebene?).Field, L. H. (1977): A description and experimental analysis of a stereotyped cheliped flexion behaviour in Hermit Crabs (Beschreibung und quantitative Analyse einer Beugebewegung der Scheren von Einsiedlerkrebsen).Bunnell, B. N., D. B. Boland und D. A. Dewsbury (1977): Copulatory behavior of Golden Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) (Paarungsverhalten des Goldhamsters).Roper, T. J., und E. Polioudakis (1977): The behaviour of Mongolian Gerbils in a semi‐natural environment, with special reference to ventral marking, dominance and sociability (Das Verhalten von Rennmäusen in halbnatürlicher Uniwelt, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Markierens, etwaiger Rangordnung und der Geselligkeit).Lehrnann, M. N., und D. B. Adams (1977): A statistical and motivational analysis of the social behaviors of the male Laboratory Rat (Sozialverhaltensweisen und Stimmungsanalyse bei männlichen Laborratten, eine statistische Untersuchung).Russoc, H. I., und M. W. Schein (1977): Effect of age and experience on the filial behaviour of Tilapia mossambica fry (Pisces: Cichlidae) (Der Einfluß von Alter und Erfahrung der T. m. ‐ Jungfische auf ihr Verhalten zum führenden ♀).Hinde, R. A., und L. Powell Proctor (1977): Changes in the relationships of captive Rhesus Monkeys on giving birth (Veränderungen der persönlichen Beziehungen gekäfigter Rhesusaffen durch Geburten).Hinde, R. A. (1977): On assessing the bases of partner preferences (Wie beurteilt man die ursächlichen Beziehungen innerhalb einer Partnerschaft?).Wiley, R. H., und M. S. Wiley (1977): Recognition of neighbor's duets by stripe‐backed wrens Campylorhynchus nuchalis (Das Erkennen von Duettgesängen der Nachbarn bei dem Zaunkonig C. n.).Evans, R. M., und S. Cosens (1977): Selective control of peep vocalizations by familiar sound in young Coturnix quail (Unterscheidung fremder und bekannter Laute bei Wachtelküken).Owings, D. H., und R. G. Coss (1977): Snake mobbing by California ground squirrels: adaptive variation and cntogeny (Das Hassen kalifornischer Backenhörnchen auf Schlangen: Anpassungsunterschiede und Entwicklung).Thelen, E., und D. J. Farish (1977): An analysis of the grooming behavior of wild and mutant strains of Bvacon hebetor (Braconidae: Hymenoptera) (Eine Analyse des Putzverhaltens wilder und mutierter Stämme von B. h.).Aspey, W. P. (1977): Wolf spider sociobiology: I. Agonistic display and dominance‐subordinance relations in adult male Schizocosa crassipes. II. Density parameters influencing agonistic behavior in Schizocosa crassipes (Soziobiologie von Wolfsspinnen: 1. Kämpferische Auseinandersetzung und Dominanzverhältnisse bei Sch. c.‐Männchen. II. Einfluß der Dichte auf das Kampfverhalten).Dücker, G., und B. Rensch (1977): The solution of patterned string problems by birds (Vögel lösen die Aufgabe, Futter an Faden hochzuziehen).Lethmate, J. (1977): Werkzeugherstellung eines jungen Orang‐Utans.Kolpakov, V. G., P. M. Borodin und N. N. Barykina (1977): Catatonic behaviour in the Norway Rat (Katatonische Zustande bei Wanderratten).Bücher: Müller, K. (1978): Zum Saugverhalten von Kaninchen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Geruchsvermögens.Kraus, O., ed. (1978): Myriapoda. III. Internationaler Kongress für Myriapodologie.Weber/Weidner (1974): Grundriß der Insektenkunde. 5. Aufl., Gustav Fischer‐Verlag, Stuttgart‐New York.Gans, C, und D. W. Tinkle, ed. (1977): Biologie of the Reptilia, Vol.7: Ecology and Behaviour A.Hunsaker II, D., ed. (1977): The Biology of Marsupials (Biologie der Beuteltiere).Krames, L., P. Pliner, und Th. Alloway (1978): Aggression, Dominance, and Individual Spacing (Aggression, Rang und Eigenraum).Eibl‐Eibesfel

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY