摘要:

AbstractIn the course of their evolution domestic animals were selected by man not only for physical characteristics and physiological properties, but also for certain behaviour patterns. This permits us to trace the development of new behaviours during historically documented time. In three pigeon breeds — Swing Pouter, Birmingham Roller, Rhine Ringbeater — the development and evolution of breed‐specific flight manoevers with courtship function under the influence of human selection was examined, and their course reconstructed. Behaviour patterns which in wild animals would have been eliminated through natural selection were able to develop under human protection and sele

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00935.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study of the frequencies of activities performed by four breeding pairs of Common GracklesQuiscalus quisculaexamined the behavioral regulation of partners' spatial association and vocal interactions and the possible effects of these interactions on the seasonal course and persistence of their affiliation. Spatial association of partners remained high until incubation began and then declined progressively. The ♀s' vocalizations when leaving the colony increased the chances that her mate would follow and thus promoted the pair's association. Song‐answering, a form of antiphonal singing, was frequent only before the start of intensive nest‐building and copulation. Measures of spatial association and frequencies of antiphonal singing were lower in pairs in which the ♀ chose her nest site early in the season, an indication that the behavior of younger and older pairs might differ. Differences in partners' interactions after choosing a nest site had no clear associations with differences in the seasonal development of their reproductive states or the persistence of their bond through inc

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00936.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes the ontogeny of social behaviour in 4 closely related rodents from diverse habitats. These rodents,Notomys alexis, Pseudomys albocinereus, P. shortridgei and P. desertorexemplify 4 different social organizations. The young were observed daily under semi‐natural conditions until weaning, and subsequently at intervals of one week until sexual maturity. Relationships between the young and their families were determined from the relative frequencies of attracting (amicable) and repelling (agonistic) behaviour. The social behaviour of the young is correlated with the social behaviour of adults. Social interactions experienced from birth throughout sub‐adulthood appear to prepare these species for their adult social l

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00937.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCompetition within biological populations frequently leads to physical disputes. Natural selection requires that the costs of these disputes to the involved individuals are in some sense minimized. We examine a specific situation in detail, disputes between gravid female iguanas for nesting sites, and show that it is energy costs which are minimized and that this minimization is achieved by escalating the energy expended during the individual dispute and by the use of displays. The analysis uses probabilistic and information theoretic techniques.

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00938.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWolves live in territorial packs of up to 20 animals. To gain insight into the regulation of wolf populations it is necessary to understand the regulation of pack size. Based on a long‐time study of the social behaviour of a wolf pack in a large enclosure, a model of the regulation of pack size is constructed. Ecological factors such as prey size and prey biomass have an influence on wolf mortality, as well as on aggressive, sexual and spatial behaviour within the pac

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00939.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Burkhardt, D., B.Darnhofer‐DemarundK. Fischier(1973): Zum binokularen Entfernungssehen der Insekten. 1. Die Struktur des Sehraums von Synssekten. J. comp. Physiol.König, C. (1974): Zum Verhalten spanischer Geier an Kadavern. J. Orn.Güttinger, H. R. (1974): Gesang des Grünlings (Chloris chloris). Lokale Unterschiede und Entwicklung bei Schallisolation. J. Orn.Pröve, E. (1974): Der Einfluß von Kastration und Testosteronsubstitution auf das Sexualverhalten männlicher Zebrafinken (Taeniopygia guttata casta‐notisGould).Seibt, U. (1975): Instrumentaldialekte der KlapperlercheMiraphra rufocinna‐momea(Salvadori).Alcock, J. (1975): Animal Behaviour. An evolutionary approach. (Verhalten der Tiere. Ein evolutionsbiologischer Ansatz). Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland Massachusetts.Brown, J. L. (1975): The Evolution of Behavior (Die Evolution des Verhal‐tens).Fehling, D. (1974): Ethologische Überlegungen auf dem Gebiet der Altertums‐kunde: Phallische Demonstration — Fern

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00940.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY