摘要:

AbstractA quantitative study of the relationship between attack behaviour and the distance of the source of an underwater acoustic signal (a vibrating probe) is undertaken for the larvae of a phantom midge. Attack distance was affected by the probe frequency and amplitude, and by the level of hunger of the larva. The acoustic signals from natural prey are also analyzed, and their frequency characteristics compared with the probe frequencies most effective at releasing attack behaviour.

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine whether parental investment decisions are made on the basis of cumulative past investment or the prospects of expected benefits minus costs. Through clutch size manipulations at nests of Redwinged Blackbirds,Agelaius phaeniceus, we obtained ♂♂ with equal past investment but varying expected benefits. Parental investment was measured by intensity of nest defense against a dummy predator at the nest. Results indicate expected benefits minus costs, rather than cumulative investment, determine parental investment decisi

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeveral activities of foraging wasps (Paravespula vulgaris) collecting sucrose solution at an artificial food source are described. The concentration of the solution has an influence on the number of preening movements performed per unit time (= rate of preening). The rate of preening as a function of the concentration is explained in a quantitative manner using a diagram which corresponds to the disinhibition hypothesis for displacement activities.

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01021.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObservations were made on the feeding behavior of 8 newbornMacroclemys temminckii, a species known to lure fish prey with a vermiform appendage situated on the floor of the oral cavity. Each turtle was observed on 3 occasions, including its first feeding experience, over a 7‐week period. 4 phases of predation on live fish are described: waiting, luring, attack, and prey‐handling. Experiments involving 14 ingestively naive turtles from a second litter investigated the role of visual, chemical, and mechanical cues in eliciting the luring and attack respon

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis is a review of mustelid spacing patterns. The Mustelinae appear to have intrasexual territories where ♂♂ are territorial against ♂♂, ♀♀ against ♀♀, but there is extensive territory overlap between sexes. Mustelids of other subfamilies appear to have variations on this theme; usually female territories are replaced by territories of family groups of one adult ♀ and her most recent offspring. Sea otters and European badgers do not appear to fit into these organizational schemes.There is a strong correlation between degree of intrasexual territoriality, sexual dimorphism in body size, degree of body elongation and degree of carnivory. It is suggested that energy requirements of individuals may tie these corr

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe painted shrimp exhibits a social system of “relative monogamy”. The selective consequences of mate attachment for the individuals have been studied by long term observations and experime

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ontogeny of behavioral patterns and body coloration are described for the African cichlid fish,Haplochromis burtoni. The development of particular color patterns correlates directly with appearance of behavioral patterns which “use” those color patterns. There is a flexible timetable associated with these events which depends on both social and environmental fact

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01025.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractField data on weaning behavior in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) were collected from populations in British Columbia, southern California, and one transplanted from the original B.C. study site to eastern Oregon. These areas were designated mountain, desert, and transplant, respectively. Seasons that were energetically stressful to lactating ewes were predicted. Summers were implicated for desert ewes; winters for ewes in colder and more seasonal northern environments. Although the temporal distribution of milk available to lambs varied between the three study populations, ewes generally weaned their lambs prior to the onset of the predicted stressful periods. In the desert, weaning occurred more abruptly than it did in the two more northern populations. The evolution of weaning strategies is discussed in subspecies of bighorn sheep based on proximate and ultimate factors.

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01026.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01027.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01028.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY