摘要:

AbstractUsing stereo‐images, topographical features within the maxillary papillary gingiva between the lateral and central incisors were investigated in 36 healthy young adults. The features studied were surface stippling, presence of a gingival groove, papillary length and papillary area.The prevalence of stippling was found to be 95%. The intensity of stippling varied considerably between individuals, the mean being 2.6 depressions/mm2. A gingival groove only occured in 19% of the cases examined. The maximum length of the papilla from the base to its most incisal tip was measured in relation to the length of the crown of the lateral incisor. This ratio was found to be close to 0.5, indicating a healthy papilla reaching about halfway to the incisal edge. The surface area of the papilla was measured in relation to the labial surface area of the lateral incisor. This ratio was close to 0.25, indicating that the papillary surface under healthy conditions amounts to about 1/4 of the labial surface of the lateral incisor crown.Changes resulting from 20 days of plaque accumulation were also investigated. A mean GI of 0.8 was recorded at the end of the experimental period; however, no measureable changes in stippling intensity or papillary shape could be established. These findings suggest that the early stages of gingivitis are characterized mainly by changes in gingival colour, while changes in surface texture and shape are secondary characteristics of clinical inflammatio

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01341.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to assess the response of patients to a course of instruction in plaque control as influenced by friends and relatives. The subjects in the study were 41 patients who had been referred to a dental hospital for treatment.There was a major reduction in plaque and gingivitis levels in the subjects at both the 10th and 14th weeks of the study. There was a greater proportional reduction in gingivitis levels in those subjects who had a higher number of reported discussions with their friends. The effect of discussions with members of the family was less clear. Lower values for gingivitis levels at 10 weeks were associated with a higher number of discussions with parents. However the levels of gingivitis tended to be adversely affected by discussions between the subjects and their spouses.The importance of recognising the influence of family and friendship networks needs to be understood when preventive programmes are designed, especially where high levels of self‐care are sought as outcomes.Further work is in progress on a group of office workers being treated in a dental practice environment. This will allow the type of advice being obtained from the various contacts to be investigated in more detai

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01342.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to elucidate dental care behavior related to interdental cleaning, a group of first‐year students were invited to a free dental examination. 186 of the students invited (76%) were examined clinically and roentgenologically. The mean DMFS‐index of the students was 22.6 (± 12.6). They were also asked about their use of dental floss. 35% of the students reported using dental floss, but only 2% reported daily usage. 45% of the students had been taught how to use dental floss, and 83% of these had been taught by dental personnel. Teaching had no effect on the reported frequency of use.There were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of dental plaque and gingivitis between those who used dental floss and those who did not. The subjects were unable to use dental floss on 1 out of every 3 filled proximal surfaces of the first molars. No correlation could be found between dental caries experience and the reported use of dental f

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01343.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present investigation describes the effect of periodontal therapy in a group of patients who, following active treatment, were monitored over a 5‐year period. One aim of the study was to analyze the role played by the patients’ self‐performed plaque control in preventing recurrent periodontitis. In addition, probing depth and attachment level alterations were studied separately for sites with initial probing depths of 4 mm which were treated initially by either surgical or non‐surgical procedures.Following active treatment (surgical/non‐surgical), the patients were maintained on a plaque control regimen for 6 months, which included professional tooth cleaning once every 2 weeks. During the subsequent 18 months, the interval between the recall appointments was extended to 12 weeks and included prophylaxis as well as oral hygiene instruction. Following the 24‐month examination, the interval between the recall appointments was further extended, now to 4–6 months. In addition, the maintenance program was restricted to oral hygiene instruction and professional, supragingival tooth cleaning, but further subgingival instrumentation was avoided. Clinical examinations including assessments of the oral hygiene, the gingival conditions, the probing depths and the attachment levels were performed at Baseline and after 24 and 60 months after completion of active therapy. Assessments of plaque and gingivitis were repeated annually.The results of the examinations showed that the patients’ standard of self‐maintained oral hygiene had a decisive influence on the long‐term effect of treatment. Patients who during the 5 years of monitoring consistently had a high frequency of plaque‐free tooth surfaces showed little evidence of recurrent periodontal disease, while patients who had a low frequency of plaque‐free tooth surfaces had a high frequency of sites showing additional loss of attachment. The present findings demonstrated that sites with an initial pocket depth exceeding 3 mm responded equally well to non‐surgical and surgical treatments. This statement is based on probing depth and attachment level data from sites which were free of plaque at the 6‐, 12‐, 24‐, 36‐, 48‐ and 60‐month reexaminations. It is suggested that the critical determinant in periodontal therapy is not the technique (surgical or non‐surgical) that is used for the elimination of the subgingival infection, but the quality

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01344.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLocal immunoglobulin synthesis by the gingival plasma cells in 5 patients with juvenile Periodontitis (JP) was compared to that in 5 patients with adult periodontitis (AP). The peroxidase‐antiperoxidase method was used with specific antisera to α, γ, and μ heavy chains andKand κ and λ light chains. The following relative distribution of plasma cells in JP/AP was found: IgA22.7/19.5, IgG 75.6/78.5 IgM 1.7/2.0,K55.5/53.5 and λ 44.5/46.5, calculated as a % of their sum, indicating that the relative distribution of the different immunoglobulin chains was similar in both patient groups. The ratio light: heavy chains was 1.78 in JP and 1.72 in AP. The ratioK: λ was 1.28 in JP and 1.17 in AP, similar to the known freeK:free λ chain ratio in normal serum (1.2). This indicates that the excessive staining for light chains is caused by a physiological overproduction of light chains rather than a Pathological imbalance in the synthesis of immuno

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01345.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDark field microscopy is perhaps the simplest microbiological technique to monitor the effects of treatment methods on bacterial plaque. However, the method provides qualitative rather than true quantitative data. This study attempts to measure changes in flora by a number of methods following the Placement of 40% metronidazole acrylic strips into periodontal pockets. 10 patients with periodontal Pockets greater than 6 mm which bled on probing had acrylic strips placed for 2 to 3 days. Prior to msertion and after removal, subgingival plaque samples were collected into 1 ml of saline and processed as follows, (a) Dark field microscopy for qualitative shifts, (b) Gram stain for differential counts, (c) Counting chamber for total counts, (d) Serial dilution and culture for total cultivable counts.After treatment the significant changes were as follows, (a) % increase in cocci and decreases in other forms, particulaly motile organisms, (b) Gram‐positive cocci increased and Gram‐negative bacilli decreased, (c) Total counts obtained by the sampling method decreased greater than 80%. (d) Total cultivable counts decreased greater than 75%. (e) The efficiency of culturing appeared low and the Potential problems of sampling to quantification were identif

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01346.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe reproducibility of probing attachment level measurements in incisors, cuspids and premolars was studied in 2 groups of patients with severely advanced periodontal disease. The results showed that approximately 90% of the recordings could be reproduced within ± 1.0 mm difference. This was found for intra‐exammer as well as inter‐examiner comparisons of 2 examiners. Measurements using onlay margins for reference point demonstrated somewhat less variability than the use of cemento‐enamel junction for reference. The level of reproducibility varied notably between patients and was improved following non‐surgical periodontal therapy. Also, the reproducibility varied significantly between tooth types, tooth surfaces and probing pocket depths. It was concluded that in clinical studies, the evaluation of the healing response of individual lesions should include consideration of the variability of repealed measurements for each of the investigated too

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01347.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY