摘要:

AbstractThe use of saliva as a source of components that may identify subjects at risk of developing destructive periodontitis. or provide markers of disease potential or activity, has been reviewed. It was concluded that bacteria, their constituents or products are unlikely to be rewarding and that host‐derived salivary factors such as enzymes cannot identify risk, as deficiency states for these do not exist. Secretory IgA, plasma IgA and IgG isotype levels and specific antibodies may be associated with risk, but probably only if levels fall below those which are protective or a specific antibody response is absent. More work is needed to distinguish between monomeric and dimeric IgA antibodies and to identify IgG antibodies in longitudinal clinical studies. In general, although saliva may prove to be useful as a source of indicators of current disease activity or as a means of assessing responses to treatment, it is unlikely to provide evidence for the existence of risk factor

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to determine by means of a fluorescence test the ratio between vital and dead bacteria in dental plaque before and after 0.1 % chlorhexidine rinses. Plaque was stained by fluoresceindiacetate (FDA), which gave a green color to the living micro‐organisms, and by ethidiumbromide (EB), which introduced a red color into the nucleic acids of the dead bacteria. 1‐, 2‐ and 3‐day‐old undisturbed plaque harbored 80 to 85% living micro‐organisms. 1 h after chlorhexidine use, this % was reduced to a plateau of 19 to 34% of vital bacteria present in the sampled plaque. Between 6 and 8 h later, this % rose towards its original value. This study has shown that FDA/EB staining provides a method for direct measurement of bacteria vitality in dental plaque and, as such, can be of great value for testing the efficacy of various antipl

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess connective tissue and epithelial responses to periodontitis‐affected cementum (from exposed roots of human teeth) after surface demineralization with citric acid. Cementum specimens were obtained from root surfaces covered by calculus. Each rectangular specimen had a face of cementum and an opposite surface composed of pulpal dentin. One half of the specimens were treated with citric acid (experimental group), while the remainder served as untreated control specimens. Specimens were implanted vertically into incisional wounds on the dorsal surface of rats with one end of the implant protruding through the skin. 4 specimens in each group were available for examination 1, 3, 5, and 10 days after implantation. Histologic and histometric analyses of the implants included counts of adhering cells, evaluation of attached connective tissue fiber density and diameter, and assessment of epithelial migration. At 1 day, a distinct zone of surface demineralization was not present on the surface of the cementum in the experimental group, although such a zone was present on the dentin surfaces of the same specimens. Histometric comparisons between experimental and control groups at 1 day showed no differences in cell attachment or length of cementum surface within connective tissue. By 10 days, there was a trend for greater cell attachment to demineralized cementum, but the differences were not statistically significant. Although connective tissue fiber attachment has been shown to occur to demineralized dentin and to normal cementum in this model system, fiber attachment did not occur to the cementum in the present study, It appears that the citric acid treatment failed to sufficiently demineralize the periodontitis‐affected cementum and expose a hospitable collagenous mat

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract12 patients were studied longitudinally to monitor the effects of basic periodontal therapy in molar and non‐molar teeth. Periodontal sites were grouped into molar furcation sites, molar fiat‐surface sites and non‐molar sites. Clinical measurements were taken at baseline and directly followed by full mouth root debridement. Subsequently, measurements were taken every 3rd month until 24 months. At each of these appointments, the patients were monitored for their oral hygiene performance and given supragingival prophylaxis. The mean results indicated that initially moderately deep and deep molar furcation sites responded less favorably to therapy compared to non molar sites and molar flat‐surface sites of similar probing depth. Initial improvements in probing measurements for moderately deep and deep molar furcation sites were limited and also tended to revert during the observation interval. Identification of individual sites with probing attachment loss disclosed that 25% of molar furcation sites lost probing attachment as compared to 7% for non‐molar sites and 10% for molar flat‐surface sites. These results corroborate previous findings and call for additional or alternative treatment regimens for periodontal furcat

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEosinophilic granuloma is the localized and mildest form of histiocytosis X. It is a destructive osseous lesion characterized by large numbers of eosinophils and histiocytes. The etiology of the disease is unknown. Frequently the jaws, including the periodontium, are involved and the disease simulates severe localized periodontitis. A case of eosinophilic granuloma of the jawbone is presented. The pertinent clinical features are emphasized and possible problems in the interpretation of clinical periodontal features are discussed.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe goal of the present in vivo study was to evaluate human roots by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), after treating the root surfaces either with conventional hand instruments or with newly developed diamond burs. Peculiar root anatomy often makes perfect instrumentation with hand instruments difficult or impossible. On 20 teeth destined for extraction because of severe periodontitis, the root surfaces were exposed by mucoperiosteal flap procedures. Ten roots were then planed using fine curettes, and 10 were instrumented using diamond burs. Following extraction, the root surfaces were stained and photographed. Stained areas were examined by SEM. On the 20 test teeth, 79 surfaces were evaluated. From these, 381 stained zones were checked by SEM for the presence of bacteria. A total of 216 stained areas from teeth treated by hand instruments was evaluated; 15 of these (6.9%) contained bacteria. Of roots treated by diamond burs, 165 stained areas were evaluated; 9 (5.5%) exhibited bacteria. Thus, both methods resulted in root surfaces that were essentially bacteria‐fre

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIgG antibody levels to lipoteichoic acid (LTA), prepared fromStreptococcus mutanscells, were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples from 149 subjects. An extract fromBacteroides gingivalisand lipopolysaccharide fromEscherichia coli055:B5 served as control antigens. The reference group comprised 28 systemically and periodontally healthy adults. The main lest groups were: 52 persons with gingivitis only, and 69 patients with periodontitis. Within those groups, 37 patients had insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus, another 20 patients were prospective or renal transplant recipients. The periodontitis patient group showed significantly (p<0.05) higher mean antibody value and higher frequency of extreme antibody responses to both LTA andB. gingivalisthan the gingivitis group. LPS did not discriminate between the groups. Multiple regression analysis with gingivitis scores as the dependent variable selected plaque scores, anti‐LTA antibody values and general health status as significant (p<0.05) regressors. The variance in radiographical alveolar bone loss was significantly (p<0.05) explained by age and by antibody values toB. gingivalisand to LTA. The patients with extreme immunological responsiveness to LTA or toB. gingivalishad about twice as much alveolar bone loss as those with normal serological reactivity. The results support the contention that LTA modulates the progression of periodontitis in h

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 4 week, double blind clinical trial was conducted to assess the antiplaque/anticalculus activity of test dentifrices containing varying levels of zinc citrate. Subjects were divided into 6 groups, 4 experimental, 1 positive control and a placebo group. All subjects only brushed at home using the placebo control during study weeks 1 and 3. Plaque and calculus were collected at the end of study weeks 2 and 4 on mylar strips worn on lower incisor teeth. Dentifrice efficacy was assessed by comparing group dry and ash weight decrements. While there were no significant differences between the test and control groups, there was a demonstrable trend toward greater inhibition with higher zinc citrate levels, expecially among subjects with high levels of plaque and calculus at baseline.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02330.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examined the morphology of 487 probing sites in patients with untreated periodontitis, using a constant force probe (0.25 N, 0.5 mm) and flexible stent with guide grooves, at 3 adjacent points per site, 6 sites per tooth. Sites were classified into 9 configuration types according to the relationship of the 3 adjacent points. Duplicate measurements were made and sites were analysed with special reference to whether a slight horizontal movement was likely at the second examination, 60% of individual point probing measurements were exactly reproduced, but only 23% of site configurations. 65% of configuration change was accountable on the basis of slight horizontal shift of the probe. Only 13% of configurations required the postulate of other forms of probing error. These results suggest that probing reproducibility is not always an indication of site reproducibility, and that the variation of probe position in the transverse plane is an important source of probing error, even when a stent is used.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02331.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn vitro ultrasonic scans of the oral/facial periodontium of pigs were obtained using a special experimental design and with the help of a newly developed ultrasonic measuring and analysis system. These two‐dimensional images distinguish themselves from the one‐dimensional RF‐echograms and A‐scans in that they enable the viewer to have a quick overview of the relationship between different interfaces in a scanned sector. A selection of ultrasonic B‐scans proves that the scanned tissues such as gingiva, bone, periodontal ligament, tooth surface and even structures of the inner part of the tooth may be clearly imaged and distinctly differentiated. Fürthermore, we demonstrate with manipulations of the pigs periodontium, that the interpretation of the pictures is correct. The primary goal of our investigation was to assess whether the ultrasonic procedure is suitable for the determination of the height of the facial/oral bone crest. On the basis of this study, we may confirm this supposition for the imaging in ultrason

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb02332.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY