摘要:

AbstractExternal resorptions associated with inflammation in marginal tissues are many times misdiagnosed and confused with caries and internal resorptions. A lack of uniformity in nomenclature has added to the confusion. This paper reviews the literature and presents cases to illustrate a rational approach to diagnosis and treatment. A new name is suggested to better reflect the features of this type of root resorption: peripheral inflammatory root resorption.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00679.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe granulocyte elastase activity and the immuno‐reactive (antigenic) granulocyte elastase of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were studied in 16 periodontitis patients and in 10 gingivitis patients. The elastase activity was measured with a low molecular weight substrate specific for granulocyte elastase. The antigenic elastase was determined with specific antibodies against granulocyte elastase. Intracrevicular sampling of GCF with paper strips for 30 s seemed to provide representative values of elastase. The elastase activity correlated with probing depth and attachment loss and appeared to be a measure of the degree of tissue destruction. Antigenic elastase represents the number of granulocytes in GCF and should thus be related to the degree of inflammation. The periodontitis patients and the gingivitis patients both had a similar degree of inflammation as measured by antigenic elastase per μ1 GCF and gingival index. The elastase activity per μ1 GCF. however, was higher in the periodontitis group. Elevated granulocyte elastase activity in GCF seems to be independent of inflammation and could thus be an indicator of patients at risk for periodonti

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00680.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract4 probing designs have been employed to investigate the reproducibility of the Florida Probe. 3 groups (each composed of 10 subjects) were selected for the study: healthy adults, gingivitis subjects, and periodontitis subjects. The 4 probing designs were as follows: (a) the probe tip was left in the sulcus between successive probings: (b) the probe tip was removed from the gingival margin between probings but the next probing followed immediately; (c) successive whole‐mouth probings were interrupted by a 5‐min interval and a mouthrinse; (d) there was a 4‐week interval between each probing. 3 measurements were taken for each design. The main purpose of this study was to identify variance components in the attachment level variation. The maximum probing error standard deviation was found to be around 0.3 mm, which is considerably smaller than that found in most previous studies. The errors associated with the periodontal condition and probing effect were also estimated. The variance components obtained here can be used for determining the sample size in controlled clinical st

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00681.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRemoval of plaque and calculus from subgingival root surfaces is a fundamental aspect of periodontal therapy. A new type of periodontal curet (Gracey Curvette Sub‐0) has been designed to better adapt to the root surfaces that may be encountered in periodontal pockets of incisor teeth. The new curet (test) was compared to a Gracey curet 1/2 (conventional) in their ability to remove deposits from the subgingival root surfaces of incisor teeth in an in vitro model. A dentiform model mounted on a dental chair was used with artificial gingiva. 6 mm pocket depths and subgingival root surfaces covered with black enamel paint. 2 groups of 12 hygienists used, on a timed basis, either the test or conventional curet on 4 of the incisor teeth and then switched to the alternate instrument for the remaining four incisors. The extent of surface material removal was determined using a computerized video routine. The test curet removed significantly (p<0.001) more of the surface material from all subgingival incisor root surfaces than the conventional curet (60.7% versus 46.3%). Both instruments were most effective at labial surfaces. The test curet was least effective at proximal surfaces and the conventional curet least effective at lingual surfaces. The greatest statistical difference between instruments was apparent at lingual surfaces of maxillary incisors and the least at mesial surfaces of mandibular incisor

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00682.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDeposits of dental plaque or calculus are typically quantified using planimetric techniques. However, error is introduced into a quantitative analysis of plaque deposits using these methods, since they require a significant amount of human intervention. The purpose of this study is to describe and validate a computerized imaging routine which has the potential to objectively identify material on dental roots and measure the area covered by these deposits. Dentiform teeth with simulated plaque were videorecorded. A computer routine was developed based on a flood‐fill algorithm which analyzed images of the dentiform teeth and determined the amount of simulated plaque on their root surfaces. Results showed that the dentiform teeth and their simulated plaque patterns are duplicated by the imaging routine in a rapid and reliable fashion. The system shows a high degree of accuracy with an average error factor of only 0.58%. As well, the system enables precise reproducibility with an average error factor of only 0.71

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00683.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFlat root surface areas of formalin‐stored mandibular incisors with plaque and calculus were scaled by sonic (PHATELUS® SONIC SCALER, SONIC FLEX 2000®, TITAN‐S® SONIC SCALER) or ultrasonic instruments (HY‐GIENIST® ULTRASONIC SCALER, CAVITRON®) or by a new reciprocating scaling insert for the EVA/PROFIN® system. The test areas were photographed by SEM and coded micrographs were independently graded by three examiners using the RCI (Remaining Calculus Index) and the RLTSI (Roughness Loss of Tooth Substance Index). The findings revealed that the sonic sealers as a group removed calculus more completely but also left significantly more roughness and loss of tooth substance than the other instruments tested. No difference was seen between the two ultrasonic sealers. The reciprocating insert gave results similar to those of the ultrasonic except for the scaling time which was significantly longer for the new “cleansi

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00684.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract10 patients with chronic adult periodontitis who had>1 tooth with infra‐bony pockets were treated at the test defects by periodontal flap procedures with implantation of hydroxylapatite particles; the control defects were treated by the same surgical procedures but without the implant. A total of 58 test defects and 59 control defects were treated. Each defect had measurements carried out at given sites on the involved tooth surfaces, the sites being considered for subsequent tabulation purposes under the category of shallow (6 mm) initial pocket depths. There were 146 and 152 shallow sites, 216 and 241 moderate sites and 140 and 133 deep sites, at test and control sites, respectively. Measurements of recession, probing pocket depths and probing attachment levels were made at 6 months and 1,2,3 and 4 years. At all sites over the period of the study, for the moderate and deep initial pockets there was a significant reduction in probing depths and an increase in the probing attachment levels. At the 4th year of assessment for the initially deep pockets, the reduction in probing depths was significantly greater for the sites treated with the implant material. In view of the difficult clinical problem posed by the treatment of teeth with deeper periodontal bone defects, further research using either this type of implant material or similar material should be conside

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00685.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere is a continuing search for ingredients to enhance the chemical plaque inhibitory action of oral hygiene products. Sanguinarine. other natural extracts and triclosan have already been used in products. The aim of this study was to evaluate a number of triclosan and natural product rinses for effects on plaque regrowth. In particular, the influence of other rinse components were assessed, notably sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and zinc. The study was a randomised, blind. 9‐cell cross‐over design to measure the effects of each rinse on 4‐day plaque regrowth from a zero baseline, 15 volunteers rinsed 2 × daily with each product and plaque was recorded by area and score. The 0.2% chlorhexidine rinse (positive control) was significantly more effective, and the saline rinse (negative control) significantly less effective, than other rinses. Sanguinarine alone was little different from saline and the addition of zinc made a modest improvement in activity. The 3 triclosan/SLS rinses were more effective than the Sanguinarine rinses but similar to their minus triclosan control rinse. A natural product/SLS experimental rinse was second to chlorhexidine and in many analyses, significantly better than all other rinses, but caused some oral erosions. The results indicate that the plaque inhibitory properties of basic ingredients such as SLS may be difficult to enhance or surpass. However, the possible range of recipes, particularly using natural ingredients, provides scope for research and development in the field of oral hygiene pr

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00686.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study is an attempt to elucidate the relation between ageing and loss of periodontal tissue support, by studying the occurrence of probing attachment and alveolar bone loss in two samples of randomly selected individuals. The 1st sample was recruited in Japan and comprised 319 subjects aged 20–79 years. The 2nd sample was recruited in Sweden and comprised 192 subjects aged 30–65 years. All individuals underwent a radiographic and a comprehensive clinical examination, including recordings of probing attachment level. Within the 2 samples, subsamples of individuals whose periodontal status indicated minimal experience of destructive periodontal disease were selected. In these particular subsamples, it was revealed that a substantial proportion of tooth surfaces, also in older subjects, remained with no attachment or alveolar bone loss. To a lesser extent, this could be also observed when the entire samples were analyzed, despite the presence of abundant plaque and gingival inflammation. The results indicated that intact supporting periodontal tissues can be retained in subjects of increased age and corroborate the suggestion that loss of clinical attachment and alveolar bone is not an obligatory consequence of age

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00687.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect on the gingiva of a variety of relationships of a removable partial denture connector to the gingival margin was investigated in 10 subjects. Acrylic resin baseplates were designed incorporating a variety of relationships of the connector to the gingival margin. The appliances were worn for a 12 hour period daily, for 21 days. At baseline and at days 7, 21 and 49, plaque index, gingival index and probing pocket depth measurements were recorded, and subgingival plaque samples were examined using darkfield microscopy. No increase in plaque accumulation was detected in any area at any time interval. There was a significant increase in gingival index at day 21 in areas where the appliance covered the gingival margin. Small increases in probing pocket depth were recorded at day 21, there being no difference between any of the test areas. Baseline values were re‐established by day 49. No significant differences were detected in the percentage of motile organisms or spirochaetes counted in the subgingival plaque samples collected from any area. It was concluded that deterioration in gingival health occurred rapidly following the insertion of a removable appliance, and that coverage of the gingival margin, irrespective of the degree of gingival relief, had a detrimental effec

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00688.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY