摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare changes in periodontal status of a Swedish population over a 10‐year period expressed as frequency distributions of individuals according to severity of periodontal disease experience. The study involved 600 randomly selected individuals evenly distributed into age groups 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 years, examined in 1973 and another randomly selected group of 597 individuals similarly age distributed and examined in 1983. Based on clinical data and full mouth intraoral radiographs all individuals were classified into 5 groups according to severity of periodontal disease experience, In 1983, 23% of the individuals were classified as having healthy periodontal tissues, group 1, compared to 8% in 1973. The changes were most pronounced in the age groups 20 and 30 years, among whom 58% and 35%, respectively, were registered as having healthy periodontal in 1983. The prevalence of individuals with gingivitis without signs of lowered periodontal bone level, group 2, was 22% in 1983 compared to 41% in 1973. In all, 49% of the dentate population in 1973 and 45% in 1983 showed no marginal alveolar bone loss. Moderate peridontal bone loss, group 3, was found in 41% of the population in 1983 compared to 47% in 1973. Among 30‐. 40‐, and 50‐year‐olds, there were more, and among 60‐ and 70‐year‐olds, fewer individuals in this group in 1983 compared to 1973. 96% of the dentate population were classified as belonging to groups 1, 2 or 3 in 1973 compared to 86% in 1983. Individuals with severe periodontal bone loss, group 4, were few in 1973 and not found before the age of 50, In 1983, the prevalence of individuals belonging to group 4 had increased and amounted to 1% of the 20‐year‐olds, 9% of the 50‐year‐olds, 25% of 60‐year‐olds and 38% of 70‐year‐olds. On the average, 11% of the dentate population were found in group 4 in 1983 compared to 2% in 1973. The prevalence of individuals belonging to group 5, i.e., alveolar bone loss around the majority of the teeth exceeding V, of the normal bone height and the presence of angular bony defects and/or furcation defects, was 1% in 1973 and 2% in 1983. There were no individuals younger than 40 years in this group. Based on gingivitis and probing pocket scores, 33% of the individuals classified to groups 3 and 4 were considered periodontally healthy although with reduced periodontal support. In periodontal disease severity group 5, no individual was c

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00458.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEarly onset periodontitis is a group of familial diseases that are not yet clearly defined by etiologic mechanisms, although some risk factors have been recognized. The disorders include a localized form of juvenile periodontitis (JP), and a more generalized form (GP). In a family study, 39 sibships (116 individuals, aged 13–48) were evaluated for clinical indices, neutrophil chemotaxis. and serum antibodies toA. actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). Of 77 siblings, 41 were healthy at examination. In 14 sibships, all affected persons had JP; 14 other sibships had all affected individuals with GP; and 11 had at least one sib with each form. For probands with decreased chemotaxis, 71% of affected sibs and 36% of clinically healthy sibs had decreased chemotaxis. For Aa seropositive probands, 83% of affected siblings and 65% of currently healthy sibs were also seropositive. The associations of disease with these risk factors were stronger in JP‐only sibships. Some affected sibs had neither risk factor, while many currently healthy sibs had 1 or both. While these 2 factors demonstrate population association with disease, neither fits the pattern expected within families to clearly suggest a causal mechanism. The assessment of within and among family variability remains the best approach for recognition of possible causal mechanisms and sources of heterogene

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00459.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the present scanning electron microscopic study, the possibilities and limitations of non‐surgical root planing were investigated. 10 single‐rooted teeth from 4 patients with advanced periodontitis were studied. The root surfaces were cleaned and planed without flap reflection, using fine curettes. The teeth were then extracted and the root surfaces were systematically examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the presence of residual bacteria and calculus. 29 of 40 curetted root surfaces were free of residues, if they were reached by the curette. On the remaining 11 surfaces, only small amounts of plaque and minute islands of calculus were detected, primarily at the line angles and also in grooves and depressions in the root surfaces. Instrumentation to the base of the pocket was not achieved completely on 75% of the treated root surfaces, however. The primary reason for this was the extremely tortous pocket morphology on the teeth selected for study. In conclusion, it may be stated that during non‐surgical root planing in cases of advanced periodontitis. surfaces that can be reached by curettes are usually free of plaque and calculus. However, in many cases the base of the pocket will not be reached. It is for this reason that deep periodontal pockets should be treated with direct vision, i.e., after the reflection of conservative

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00460.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using 0.2% Chlorhexidine digluconate in an pulsated jet irrigator by patients as part of their daily dental home‐care measures. After initial assessment, 16 patients diagnosed as having adult periodontitis received scaling and polishing together with advice on the subgingival use of a pulsated jet oral irrigator with which they were supplied. 8 patients having 293 active sites with probing depths equal to or in excess of 4 mm used 0.2% Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHXJ in the oral irrigator, 2 × daily for 56 days. The other group of 8 patients with 253 active sites over 4 mm used a placebo as the irrigating solution. A modified dichotomous plaque index (MPI), gingival bleeding index (GBIJ and probing pocket depths (PPD) were assessed on days 0. 28 and 56. Within‐group comparisons showed that the CHX regime reduced MPI, GBI and PPD significantly but that the placebo group (PG) only achieved a significant reduction in the PPD. Between‐group comparisons showed that the use of 0.2% (CHX) as an irrigator was significantly more effective than the placebo solution at reducing all the clinical parameters studied. The patients found the oral irrigator easy and pleasant to use, although all the CHX group developed staining to a varying extent. This double blind study demonstrated that 0.2% CHX used 2 × daily in an oral irrigator was effective at reducing plaque deposition, periodontal inflammation and probing pocket depths. The effects of using lower concentrations of Chlorhexidine digluconate in this regime need to be inves

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00461.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOlder adults attending senior activity centers in Florida cooperated for a questionnaire and an oral examination. The 671 ambulatory dentate seniors in this report had a mean of 17.0 teeth. The mean attachment loss was 3.5 mm from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), and the mean pocket depth was 2.1 nun. 24% of the sample had at least 1 site with attachment loss of 7 or more mm; the majority of these persons had only 1 or 2 severely‐involved sites. The extent and severity index of attachment loss (2 mm or more threshold) was (88%. 3.7 mm). Use of pocket depths alone would have substantially underestimated prevalence of periodontitis in this older sample. Sites with severe attachment loss were typically not accompanied by severe pockets. Evidence of a history of moderate disease in this cross‐sectional study was prevalent (62% of persons had a maximum attachment loss of 4–6 mm), as was evidence of a history of severe disease (24% had at least 1 site with attachment loss of 7 mm or

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00462.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA potassium citrate‐SMFP containing dentifrice was tested in double‐blind 8‐week clinical trial on subjects with a history of dentinal hypersensitivity. A dentifrice containing SMFP but no potassium salt was used as the control and a 2nd test dentifrice containing potassium nitrate‐SMFP was assessed at the same time. The sensitivity of the subjects was evaluated at 0, 3 and 8 weeks using electrical and tactile methods plus a 1‐s air blast. The sensitivity scores for each subject at each examination were summarised as a proportion of the examined teeth deemed sensitive. Assessment of any effects of the dentifrices was via an analysis of covariance of the logit transformation of these proportions with the baseline value as the covariate. The use of this novel method of analysis had the advantage of taking into account changes in sensitivity of alt of the teeth, both sensitive and non‐sensitive, since electrical measurements indicated effects on both. Of the original 120 subjects. 111 completed the trial and the 3 dentifrice groups remained well balanced for age, sex and sensitivity. All 3 dentifrice groups showed statistically significant reductions in sensitivity over the 8 weeks. However, the potassium citrate‐SMFP dentifrice was significantly more effective than either the control SMFP dentifrice, or the potassium nitrate‐SMFP dentifrice, at reducing sensitivity after 3 weeks, and this difference plus further sensitivity reduction with all 3 dentifrices was observe

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00463.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis investigation was undertaken to determine the intra‐ and inter‐examiner reliability of the method of stimulation for bleeding used hi the Eastman interdental bleeding index. 26 subjects were examined twice, J h apart, by either a single examiner or 2 examiners in each half of their mouths, for the presence of bleeding after stimulation with a wooden interdental cleaner. Scores were tabulated and intra‐ and inter‐examiner % agreements and x‐coefficients calculated. Z‐tests were performed on the pairs of agreement statistics to check for significant differences. Overall, intra‐examiner agreement statistics were high (91.3% to 93.1% agreement; 0.79 to 0.86% ‐coefficient). Further breakdowns of the data into facial and lingual sites by arch and location (anterior or posterior) resulted in similar levels of reliability, with no significant differences within examiners. The overall inter‐examiner agreement statistics were good (82.8% to 87.6% agreement; 0.62–0.75 kappa coefficient). When inter‐examiner data were analyzed at facial or lingual sites by arch and location, a significant difference existed in reliability for mandibular posterior lingual sites, but reliability was high in all other areas. These data demonstrate a high level of reproducibility for this method, which suggests that the Eastman interdental bleeding index is suitable for clinical trials and epidemiologic studies of i

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00464.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstsractThis study analyzed the calcium and phosphorus content of extracted tooth roots exposed to the in vivo oral environment. 20 teeth were obtained from 16 patients and divided into two groups of 10 teeth each. In group 1, the teeth had gingival probing depths of 5 mm or more, and teeth of group 2 had gingival recessions of 3 mm or more. Prior to extraction, the gingival margin location was recorded by placing a groove on the tooth surface. After extraction, the teeth were sectioned coronatapically, air dried and coated with carbon. Energy dispersive X‐ray spectra, excited in a scanning electron microscope, were analyzed to measure relative calcium and phosphorus contents and for calculation of their ratios. X‐rays were collected from two positions on the sectioned root. Experimental positions were selected within the exposed portion of the roots of groups 1 and 2, and unexposed positions were selected from that portion of the same root with attached periodontal membrane. At each position, calcium and phosphorus content was measured at 4 depths into the root surface: in cementum, in dentin three‐quarters of the distance to the pulp chamber, and at 2 locations in between on either side of the cemento‐dentinal junction. Analysis of data demonstrated large variations in calcium and phosphorus content from surface to surface of individual teeth and from tooth to tooth in a subject. No statistically significant differences were found between experimental and unexposed locations. Calcium and phosphorus contents were greater in roots exposed to pockets when compared to roots exposed by recession at both experimental and unexposed locations. The mean calcium/phosphorus ratio of 1.8 was increased over reported values for hydroxyapatite. Trend analysis across combined data from groups 1 and 2 showed both calcium and phosphorus were significantly higher toward locations nearer to the ptilp chamber. This study showed that the oral environment had little effect on either calcium or phosphorus content or

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00465.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate a possible dose‐response effect of delmopinol hydrochloride, on the development of plaque and on the healing of gingivitis. 64 healthy male volunteers, aged 18–40 years with healthy gingivae and clean teeth, participated. During a 2‐week period, the participants refrained from all oral hygiene and rinsed 2 × daily with a placebo solution. On day 14 of the study, they received professional toothcleaning, and were randomly assigned to 4 groups. For the following 2 weeks, they rinsed 2 × daily for t min with 10 ml of 0.05% (15 subjects), 0.1% (17) or 0.2% (16) detmopinol, respectively. 16 subjects rinsed with 0.2% chlorhexidine. No oral hygiene procedures were performed during the test period. On days 0, 14 and 28, gingival bleeding index and the presence of stamabie plaque were determined. Periodic identical photographs were used for planlmetric determination of buccal plaque extension. No significant difference for the reduction in gingival bleeding index was found between 0.2% delmopinol and chlorhexidine rinsing. The mean plaque index showed its most significant reduction on lingual surfaces of both upper and lower jaws when rinsing with 0.2% delmopinol. Mean plaque extension was reduced by 23%) for 0.05%, 39% for 0.1% and 55% for 0.2% delmopinol. A significant dose‐response effect for 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% delmopinol was found for gingival bleeding index, plaque index and plaque extension. The results show that delmopinol favors the healing of gingivitis and reduces plaque

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00466.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbsstarctA rare case of a multicentric peripheral ameloblastoma of the gingiva in a 54‐year‐old male patient is described along with a light and electron microscopic study of the excised tumors. The peripheral ameloblastoma is considered to be the gingival counterpart of the more common intraosseous ameloblastoma. Although both tumors have similar histomorphologic characteristics, their clinical appearance and behavior are completely different. The peripheral ameloblastoma is slow growing and non‐invasive, and recurrence is uncommon following excision. The more common central ameloblasloma, is locally invasive and can destroy large segments of the jaw. The histogenesis of the peripheral ameloblastoma and several other odontogenic tumors of the gingiva serves to illustrate the proliferative potential of the basal cell layer of gingival epith

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00467.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY