摘要:

AbstractPeriodontal health states are difficult to quantify and no formal scale quantifying patients' utilities for periodontal health states exits. Multi‐attribute utility (MAD) techniques were used to develop such a scale. The MAU scale maybe used to quantify patients' assessment of their current periodontal health and that of possible treatment outcomes. Such data, combined with probability values in formal decision analysis techniques would result in improved rationality of treatment planning for periodontal disease. 20 patients attending for routine undergraduate care were interviewed. Data from these interviews were sorted into groups of common interest (domains). Intra‐domain health statements were complied from the interview content. 21 patients ranked the intra‐domain statements on a scale of 0–100. This same group of patients also performed an inter‐domain weighting. Mean results showed that patients were 2× as concerned with how they felt and with the prognosis of possible outcomes, than with how they looked and what facts they knew about their oral health. However, the real value of utilities research lies in application of individual results to treatment planning, as there is a wide range of opinion regarding outcome hea

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00615.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRoot resorption of 2nd molars in proximity to non‐erupted 3rd molars has been widely reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of root resorption in second molars adjacent to non‐erupted third molars. Its association to age and gender of the patient, location and inclination of the non‐erupted third molar and to distal bone support of the 2nd molars was analyzed. A radiographic survey of 202 periapical radiographs taken in patients with clinically missing third molars was conducted. 3 examiners independently evaluated the radiographs and only those cases where at least 2 observers agreed were included in this report. Statistical analysis was performed on 186 radiographs. Associations were analyzed with the Pearson χ2test. Radiographic evidence of root resorption was found in 45 2nd molars (24.2%) of which 12 (6.5%) showed moderate to complete root resorption. Non‐erupted tooth apical position and mesio‐inclination of 60° or more relative to the distal root of the second molar were significantly associated with root resorption (p=0.01368 andp=0.0194. respectively). Resorption was positively associated with age of patient (p=0.00606). These results may support early extraction of impacted 3rd molars especially in cases with a mesio‐angulation of 60° or more and an apical location in proximity to the distal root of

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00616.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTreatment with the tetracycline HCL‐containing (Actisite®) fiber has been shown to improve clinical measures of periodontitis, as well as reduce the number of sites infected with putative periodontal pathogens. In this study, we examined the effect of the tetracycline fiber on biochemical mediators of the host's inflammatory response in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The total amount of the lysosomal enzyme β‐glucuronidase (βG), considered a marker of primary granule release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and interleukin‐1β, a cytokine with important proinflammatory effects, were examined in GCF. Patients with localized recurrent periodontitis were followed over a 16 week period. Treated teeth (Tx), teeth adjacent to treated teeth (ADJ) and control teeth (Cx) were studied. Following fiber therapy, the Tx teeth displayed statistically significant reductions in mean probing depth, depth of the deepest site and bleeding on probing over the 16 weeks of the trial. Significant reduction in the depth of the deepest site was also seen for the ADJ teeth over 16 weeks. Total βG in GCF was reduced for the Tx teeth comparing baseline to 16 weeks, but no significant changes were observed for the ADJ or Cx teeth. Prior to treatment, total βG for the Tx teeth was 211±49 U (mean±standard error), versus 146±174 U for the ADJ teeth and 121±33 U for the Cx teeth. 16 weeks treatment, the mean values for these 3 categories of teeth were comparable (Tx=95±20 U. ADJ = 93±42 U and Cx=103±29 U). For the Tx teeth, the maximum reduction in total βG following therapy occurred at 6 weeks (65%). Total IL‐1β was significantly reduced for the Tx teeth at 3 and 6 weeks, but rebounded at 16 weeks. In contrast to what was seen for βG, the maximum reduction in total IL‐1β for the Tx teeth was observed at 3 weeks (68%). These data suggest that host mediators associated with increased risk for active disease are reduced following tetracycline fiber therapy. Future studies will determine the relative importance of a reduced microbial challenge versus a tetracycline‐mediated direct modification of the host response to account for the reduction in the host inflammatory response in GCF followin

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00617.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have studied the peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in our 6 patients (2 female and 4 male) with a mean age of 11.19 with Papillon‐Lèfevre Syndrome (PLS) using adequate monoclonal antibodies and double coloured flow cytometry. Total B, T, CD4, CD8, CD29, CD45RA, NK, HLA‐DR cells were studied. Total B, T, CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes were within normal limits. We have observed an increase in the CD29 lymphocytes and NK cells and a decrease in CD45RA lymphocytes. We think that these findings are important in explaining B lymphocyte activation and in the pathogenesis of the

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00618.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe furcation involvement of 100 molars in 25 patients suffering from moderate to advanced periodontitis was investigated. The horizontal probing attachment level (PAL‐H) within the furcations was assessed 2× within 2 weeks using the pressure‐calibrated (0.25 N) flexible plastic universal explorer version of the TPS probe (TPS). To determine the measurement error of PAL‐H assessments, the standard deviation of single measurements was calculated. The measurements were repeated using a colour‐coded Nabers probe and compared to the TPS assessments. 253 furcations were evaluated (100 buccal, 47 lingual, 53 mesiolingual and 53 distolingual, respectively). For buccale, lingual, mesiolingual and distolingual furcations, the standard deviations were 0.486 mm, 0.598 mm, 0.846 mm, 1.039 mm, respectively. Measurement error was less in buccal and lingual furcations than in mesiolingual and distolingual sites (p<0.005). The agreement of replicate measurements of furcation degrees was excellent for buccal and lingual furcations (weighted κ [standard error] 0.824 [0.076]and 0.779 [0.107], respectively), but only moderate for mesiolingual and distolingual furcations (weighted κ 0.688 [0.096]and 0.544 [0.101). respectively). Only in distolingual sites there was a significant (p<0.025: pairedt‐test) underestimation of PAL‐H by the TPS as compared to the Nabers probe. At all locations the TPS underestimated furcation degrees significantly (p<0.1; Stuart‐Maxwell's χ2) as compared to Nabers probe. Measurement error of mesiolingual and distolingual furcations was significantly higher than of buccal or lingual sites. The reproducibility of PAL‐H measurements in furcations using TPS is comparable to data published for scorings with colour‐coded Nabers probes. Through and through furcations are likely to be underestimated by using the flexible plastic version of the TPS probe. Hence, it seems to be unsuitable for a proper assessment of the degree of

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00619.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to examine the relationship of possible crevicular biochemical parameters to attachment loss (ALOSS), 330 sites from&untreated adult patients were monitored longitudinally at 3‐month intervals, for up to 1 year. Attachment levels were measured with a force‐sensing probe and an acrylic stent in duplicates at each study point. Crevicular samples were collected and used for the determination of the following 11 markers: number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), prostaglandin E2(PGE2), osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagenase (COL), β‐glucuromdase (BG), antigenic and functional elastase (AEL and FEL), α‐1 antitrypsin (alAT), α‐2 macroglobulin (a2M) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). 10 sites with ALOSS of 1.5 mm per 3 months (active sites) and 43 sites with negligible changes (inactive sites) were identified. Total amounts of ALP, BG and COL were found to be significantly higher in active as compared to inactive sites, prior to significant ALOSS, without any significant differences in crevicular fluid volume and clinical indices. When biochemical parameters were expressed as ratios to the number of PMNs, PGE2/PMNs was significantly elevated in active sites. The capacity of such individual parameters to distinguish between active and inactive sites was limited. However, linear discriminant analysis using total amounts of PGE2, COL, ALP, a2M, OC and AEL showed more significant diagnostic values (sensitivity: 80%. specificity: 91%). These findings suggest that the combination of several biochemical parameters in crevicular fluid could give more information to predict future cl

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00620.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe objectives of the present study were (I) to determine the validity and reliability of measuring gingival thickness (GTH) with a recently developed, commercially available ultrasonic device: (II) to measure GTH in relation to tooth type and age of proband;(III) to correlate GTH with varying forms of pre‐molars, canines and incisors. Ultrasonic measurements were performed in 200 periodontally healthy, male probands representing 3 different age groups (20–25, 40–45, 55–60 years). In the maxilla, mean GTH varied between 0.9 mm (canines, 1st molars) and 1.3 mm (2nd molars). In the mandible respective mean values ranged between 0.8 mm (canines) and 1.5 mm (2nd molars). No differences in means and standard deviations (0.36–0.39 mm) were observed in different age groups. In order to correlate GTH with other clinical parameters and form of tooth, in 42 probands of the youngest age group, presenting with no attrition or abrasion, no artificial crown restorations and (following prophylaxis) no overt gingivitis and no periodontal probing depth in excess of 3 mm. detailed clinical measurements and stone model cast analyses were performed. By stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, 24% (p<0.0001) of the variation of GTH was explained by probing depth, recession, width of gingiva and tooth type. The ratio of the width of the crown to its length was not included into the model. When performing analysis of covariance with the subject as factor, the model was improved, now explaining 41% of the variation of GTH. In this model, the influence of periodontal probing depth was decreased, and recession was not included. It was concluded that there are individual differences in GTH (i.e., different biotypes). However, thickness mainly depends on tooth type and is correlated with width of gingiva. There appears to be no association with shape and form of the tooth. Validity and reliability of measuring GTH with the ultrasonic device was found to be

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00621.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPeriodontal disease in the elderly has not been characterized. Initial reports suggest that the disease is common and severe. Deficiencies in the immune response have also been reported to occur in the elderly. Consequently it was hypothesized that aging‐related changes in the immune response may contribute to the severity and occurrence of periodontal disease in the elderly. To test that hypothesis, the % and number of leukocytes and leukocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of elderly (65–75 years) subjects were tested and used as indicators of the immune potential of those individuals. Age and gender effects on several of the parameters tested were identified. With the exception of increased number of leukocytes in the elderly group with severe periodontal disease, no other alteration in the leukocyte parameters tested were identified. These results suggest that periodontal disease in the elderly was not associated with obvious changes in the leukocyte and leukocyte subsets in the peripheral blood due to ag

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00622.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of cyclosporin‐A (CyA) on the dentogingival flora of ferrets with healthy and experimentally induced periodontal breakdown was studied. Five animals were given 10 mg/kg/d CyA. At the start of the experiments (day 0). ligatures were placed around 4 teeth in the right upper and lower jaws: corresponding contralateral teeth on the left side served as control. On days 0 and 28 (end of the experiment), microbiological samples were collected from the gingival sulcus of the experimental and the control teeth and from closely located gingival mucosa membrane. The samples were subjected to viable counts and to darkfield microscopic analyses. On day 0. facultative anaerobic rods, mainlyPasteurella spp, Alcaligenes spp. Corynebacterium spp.andRothia sppdominated in the viable counts. No anaerobic bacteria were detected in the viable counts. On day 28 spirochetes increased in the experimental gingival sulcus samples and anaerobic bacteria appeared in most of the samples and constituted 40–60% of the total cultivable flora:Fusobaclerium necrophorumandEubacterium spp.predominated in the samples from the experimental sites. The results of the present study were compared with those of our previous investigation of ferrets not medicated with cyclosporin but also subject to experimental ligature penodontitis.Eubacterium spp.were absent in the animals not treated with cyclosporin, while this species was frequently present in the immunosuppressed ferrets. The results indicate that the presence of the large numbers of gram negative rods and of anaerobic bacteria may have enhanced the inflammatory process and further provoked the gingival overgrowth obser

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00623.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA split‐mouth clinical study was designed to determine the effect of fibrin glue (FG) in addition to tetracycline HCl (TTC) root conditioning and the coronally positioned flap (CPF) procedure in the treatment of maxillary buccal recession defects. 11 patients presenting with a pair of Class 1 or II recession defects were selected. After initial therapy, defect‐specific and full‐mouth oral hygiene standards and gingival condition, recession depth, recession width, probing depth, attachment level, and width of keratinized gingiva were recorded. The surgical procedure included elevation of a full split thickness flap, root debridement and root conditioning with a 10 mg/ml TTC solution for 4 minutes. According to a randomization list, in each patient. 1 defect was treated with topical FG application, while the paired defect did not receive FG. The flap was adapted and sutured coronally to the cemento‐enamel junction without tension. Healing was evaluated 6 months postsurgery. Significant recession depth reduction and attachment gain were observed for both treatments. Average root coverage amounted to 65% in FG treated defects and 55% in defects treated with TTC conditioning only. There were no clinical and statistical significant differences between the treatments for any parameter considered. This study suggests that FG may not meaningfully enhance the outcome of the CPF procedure with TTC root condi

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00624.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY