摘要:

AbstractThe objective of this in vitro study was to test PER‐IO‐TOR instruments on the Profin Directional System angle piece (Dentatus ‐ Sweden), using extracted human teeth. In the 1st part of the study, 6 root surfaces were treated with the instruments TOR 1, TOR 2, TOR 3 and TOR 4. For comparison purposes, half the samples treated with each instrument were then subjected to further treatment with a Gracey curette. All samples were then examined by SEM. In the 2nd part of the study, 4 root surfaces were given standardized treatment with each PER‐IO‐TOR instrument and the amount of substance removed was determined with a mechanical profilometer. For this purpose, the treated root surface was scanned with a microneedle and the profile depth recorded. The study showed that the PER‐IO‐TOR instruments were efficient with respect to surface planing and protective abrasion. Instrument TOR 3 (spatula with eyelet) in particular yielded simular results to those obtained with a curette. The overall results confirm that the PER‐IO‐TOR instruments have similar planing properties to manual instruments, causing minimum abrasion from the root surface. They thus represent an alternative to manual instruments, not only in inaccessible areas but also on smoo

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTreponema denticola(Td) andPorphyromonas gingivalis(Pg) are associated with human moderate and severe adult periodontal diseases. This study Quantifies these two anaerobes and their trypsin‐like (TL) activities in subgingival plaque collected from both clinically healthy and periodontally diseased sites of human periodontitis patients. Antigen levels of the microorganisms were determined by monoclonal antibodies and TL activities were measured by the fluorescent substrate Z‐gly‐gly‐arg‐AFC in a disc format. Significant positive correlations were observed between the antigen levels and the TL activities when the data were subjected to statistical analyses both on a site‐specific and on a patient basis. Anaerobe synergism was found between Td and Pg in a continental US population, and positive correlations were found between anaerobe levels (individually and total) and clinical indicators of adult pe

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distribution of HLA class II (DR, DP, DQ) and FcγR (I, II, III) was analyzed in the epithelia of patients with advanced marginal periodontitis using cryostat sections incubated with monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) against the Langerhans cell (LC) (CDla) and various subtypes of HLA class II and FcγR, and the indirect immunofluorescence technique. In the oral gingival epithelium (OGE), LC were concentrated subjacent to the connective tissue papillae, while in the pocket epithelium (PE), they were most abundant at the gingival margin. HLA‐DP, DQ, and DR stained LC in both OGE and PE. HLA‐DQ+ LC were significantly fewer than DP+ and DR+ LC. HLA‐DR also stained keratinocytes (KC) in the whole extension of both OGE and PE. HLA‐DP was also observed on KC, but not HLA‐DQ. FcγR II stained both LC and focal areas of KC. In PE FCγR II+ LC were concentrated near the bottom of the pocket, while in the OGE, they were concentrated at the gingival margin. FcγR III was present only on KC, especially in the basal and suprabasal layer. The results indicate that the epithelial cells are actively involved in the development and maintenance of the inflammation of perio

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious studies have indicated that oxygen‐free radicals may cause damage to the periodontal tissues. This study compared the luminol‐dependant chemiluminescence response (after stimulation with either opsonized zymosan or Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)) of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) isolated from human subjects with a healthy periodontium (n=7), gingivitis (n=8), adult periodontitis (n=8), or early‐onset periodontitis (n=17). These results were also compared with those obtained in a larger reference group which consists of 50 subjects without infection or inflammation, selected on the basis of laboratory investigations. An enhanced response was defined as being 2 standard deviations above the reference group mean; a reduced response was. defined as being 2 standard deviations below this mean. Although PMN from patients with either gingivitis or periodontitis were often functionally activated (when compared to the PMN from the reference group), no significant differences could be found between the 4 groups, with regard to the chemiluminescence response means obtained in a basal state or after stimul

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn algorithm is described which provides necessary information for automated registration and computation of alveolar height for subtraction radiographic analysis. This procedure involves identification of the cementoenamel junctions from radiographic images by incrementally comparing a characteristic image signature along computed tooth boundaries. The identification of these anatomically invariant structures provides information necessary to warp images and create automatic superimposition, correcting for geometric misalignment. The present report describes and demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing automated CEJ, edge finding and image warping algorithms to align automatically sequential radiographs and permit their subtraction.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this investigation was to assess the prevalence and severity of periodontal destruction in irregular dental attenders. 50 subjects aged between 20 and 49 years completed a questionnaire and had a periodontal examination. Measurements of plaque, calculus, bleeding, probing depth and clinical attachment level were made at 4 proximal sites per tooth. Results were compared to those for 132 regular attenders. The irregular attenders had more sites with plaque (46.3 ± 27% versus 17.3 ± 21.1%) than the regulars and significantly more sites which bled (53.7 ± 20.4% versus 33.6 ± 20.7%) and with calculus (35 ± 21.1% versus 13.4 ± 12.8%). However, the irregulars had virtually the same number of teeth as the regular attenders, 25.6 ± 3.3 compared with 25.4 ± 4.3. Irregular attenders had slightly deeper mean probing depths (2.9 ± 0.4 versus 2.7 ± 0.4 mm) but the prevalence and extent of attachment loss was no different between the groups. It was concluded that the prevalence and severity of destructive periodontal disease as indicated by periodontal attachment loss was not related to the regularity of dental attendance in the group

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01171.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess whether an intensive oral hygiene regimen practised during pregnancy results in a clinically healthy gingival state, and to assess whether experimentally‐induced gingivitis differs in severity during pregnancy as compared to post‐partum. In addition, levels of black‐pigmented Gram negative anaerobes at subgingival and oral mucosal sites and plasma concentrations of free estrogens and prosterone were determined. These parameters were studied during a 14‐day episode of experimental gingivitis induced in the 25th week of pregnancy, and again 6 months post‐partum. The subjects were selected on shallow pockets ≤4 mm and interproximal loss of attachment not exceeding 2 mm. As a result of controlled oral hygiene, the gingival condition improved both during pregnancy and post‐partum. At day 0 during pregnancy, however, gingival swelling, redness, and bleeding on probing were found to be higher than post‐partum. Free plasma levels of estrogens and progesterone were found to be normal throughout the study. It was hypothesized that the increase in severity of gingival symptoms during pregnancy reflect microvascular physiologic effects of increased levels of these hormones. During pregnancy, more swelling, redness and bleeding on probing developed during experimental gingivitis than post‐partum, whereas the amount of plaque was similar in both phases. This suggests that as a result of dental plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation develops superimposed on pregnancy‐associated physiologic alterations. Microbiological evaluation showed that the mean proportions ofPrevotella intermediain subgingival plaque increased during experimental gingivitis performed during pregnancy, whereas no increase of this microorganism wa

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe oral features of a patient with notable maxillary and mandibular gingival enlargement secondary to leukaemic infiltration in chronic lymphocyte leukaemia are presented.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSofScale™ is a pre‐scaling gel, containing disodium EDTA and sodium lauryl sulphate, which is claimed to soften calculus and therefore facilitate its removal. 31 subjects were treated in a double blind randomised placebo controlled split mouth study to evaluate this product. Test or placebo gels were applied to the lingual surfaces of the mandibular teeth for 4 min and the time taken to complete the removal of supragingival calculus recorded. The operator recorded on which side the calculus was considered easier to remove and the patient indicated how comfortable the scaling had been. The mean calculus index was 1.99 for the SofScale™ group and 1.97 for the placebo. The mean time taken to complete scaling was 5.31 min for both groups. Using the Student Mest, there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.7) between either the calculus index or time taken to complete the scaling between the groups. The operator did not consider SofScale™ to facilitate calculus removal and patients did not find calculus removal more comfortable when SofScale™ had been used. There was no increased sensitivity in the SofScale™ group following scaling. The results of this study do not support the use of SofScale™ as an adjun

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01174.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFructosamine assay, which is used in diagnosing and monitoring diabetic patients, is compared with the hemoglobin and plasma glucose assays in children and adolescent insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus patients. We demonstrated that the gingival index scores were correlated with fructosamine values in insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus patients but not in non‐diabetic controls. We also found that there was no correlation between gingivitis scores and fasting plasma glucose and HbAlc values. Periodontitis was found to be rare in diabetic children and adoles

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01175.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY