摘要:

AbstractThe respective resorption rates of recently commercialized collagen versus polylactic acid‐citric acid ester membranes were compared. 16 rabbits were implanted with 2 mmx4 mm pieces of membrane of both types in the alveolar mucosa just apically to the incisors on either side of the mouth. 1 animal was sacrificed on day 0, just after the operation. The others were sacrificed at 1. 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12 weeks. The specimens were prepared for histologic examination. Observations showed that the cross‐linked collagen membranes induced severe inflammation and were resorbed within 2 weeks. The polylactic acid‐citric acid ester polymer barriers produced a much more moderate infiltrate and were still not totally resorbed at 12 weeks. Although resorption rates in the rabbit may not be similar to those observed in humans, it seems that the durability of the polymer barrier is more adequate for guided tissue regeneration than the cross‐linked c

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01803.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGingival health (bleeding on probing) and oral hygiene (plaque percent) were assessed in 2 groups of children and adolescents with insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 1st study group included 12 newly diagnosed diabetic children and adolescents (age range 6.3‐14.0 years, 5 boys and 7 girls). They were examined on the 3rd day after initial hospital admission and at 2 weeks and 6 weeks after initiation of insulin treatment. Gingival bleeding decreased after 2 weeks of insulin treatment (37.8% versus 19.0%.p<0.001. pairedt‐test). and remained at the same level when examined 1 month later while glucose balance was excellent. Another group (n=80) of insulin‐dependent diabetic children and adolescents (age range 11.7 ‐ 18.4 years, 44 boys and 36 girls) with a mean duration of diabetes 6.0 years (range 0.3‐15.0 years) were examined 2× at 3‐month intervals. Subjects with poor blood glucose control (glycosylated haemoglobin, HbA1, values over 13%) had more gingival bleeding (46.3% on examination 1, 41.7% on examination 2) than subjects with HbA1values less than 10% (mean gingival bleeding 35.2% and 26.9%, respectively) or subjects with HbA1values between 10 to 13% (mean gingival bleeding 35.6% and 33.4%, respectively). Differences were significant on both examinations (p<0.05, Anova). and remained significant after controlling the groups for differences in age, age at the onset of diabetes, duration of diabetes and pubertal stage (Ancova). Results were not related to differences or changes in dental plaque status, supporting the concept that imbalance of glucose metabolism associated with diabetes predisposes to gingival inflammation. An increase in gingival bleeding in association with hyperglycaemia suggests that hyperglycaemia‐associated biological alterations, which lower host resistance toward plaque, have apparently taken place. Consequently, although not all gingivitis proceeds into a destructive periodontal disease, prevention of plaque‐induced gingival inflammation should be emphasised, particularly in children and adolescents with poorly c

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01804.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the salivary secretion rate and composition in a group of 16 children and young adults (6‐27 years) with Papillon‐Lefèvre Syndrome (PLS). and to compare the findings with a group (n= 16) of healthy controls, Unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva was collected at least 2 h after meals and the secretion rate determined. The stimulated saliva was assessed for buffer capacity, total protein, peroxidase and hexosamine, while the unstimulated samples were evaluated for total protein, lysozyme. Thiocyanate, lactoferrin and salivary IgA. Both the unstimulated (p<0.01) and stimulated (p<0.05) saliva secretion rates were significantly lower among the PLS patients compared with the controls. Furthermore salivary buffer capacity was significantly (p<0.01) lower in the PLS patients. The total protein content in saliva was comparatively high in the study group, while the concentrations of immunoglobulins and non‐immunoglobulins were within normal ranges. When calculating the output of the assessed antimicrobial factors, the mean peroxidase level in stimulated whole saliva was found to be significantly (p<0.01) lower in the PLS patients than in the healthy controls. In conclusion, the present study indicates an impaired water secretion and a somewhat altered saliva gland function in children and young adults wi

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01805.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClinical healing following guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in deep intrabaony pockets was compared to healing following gingival flap surgery alone (GFS). 15 patients received the GTR treatment including an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. 13 other patients received the control treatment GFS. A postsurgery protocol emphasizing wound stability and infection control was used. Treatment effects were evaluated 6 months postsurgery. Mean pre‐surgery probing depth for the GTR and control treatments was 7.5±1.0 and 7.7±1.5 mm. respectively. Significant probing depth reduction (3.8±1.2 and 2.9±1.1 mm), attachment level improvement (2.4±2.1 and 2.2±1.2 mm) and bone fill (2.0±2.0 and 2.4±0.9 mm) followed the GTR and control protocols, respectively (p<0.01) Significant differences between GTR and control treatments were observed in probing depth reduction (p<0.01) and in gingival recession increase (1.7±1.5 and O.7±0.9 mm. respectively; (p<0.05). The results suggest that GTR procedures compared to GFS have similar clinical potential in intrabony pockets, under the prese

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01806.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a 0.2% bexetidine spray, used as a supplement to regular oral hygiene measures, on dental plaque and gingival condition following periodontal surgery. This study was carried out on 38 patients who required 2 episodes of periodontal surgery. Examinations regarding dental plaque were performed at 0. 7. 14. 21 and 28 days, while the condition of the gingival were examined at 0 and 28 days. Dental plaque was assessed by the Turesky modification of Quigley‐Hein index; the gingival condition was evaluated using the gingival index of Löe‐Silness and the papilla bleeding index. In a double‐blind cross‐over study of 28 days duration, significant reduction in plaque accumulation and an improvement m wound healing were demonstrated for the test spray compared to the

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01807.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSalifluor (5‐n‐octanoyl‐3′‐trifluoromethyl‐salicylanilide), a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent, was investigated for its ability to inhibit dental plaque formation. A combination of salifluor with PVM/MA copolymer and NaF was optimized for its antiplaque effect in mouthrinse and dentifrice formulations based on a series of both laboratory and clinical studies. It was found that salifluor, a highly hydrophobic compound, could not be adequately solubilized with the conventional amount of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), the most commonly used anionic surfactant in oral hygiene products. However, it was possible to prepare stable mouthrinse formulations using a mixed surfactant system containing both anionic and nonionic surfactants. The most suitable mixture was found to be a combination of SLS, Pluronic and Tauranol m a proportion of 1:1:1, This combination provided adequate stability and high antimicrobial activity as determined byin vitromicrobiological tests. Addition of a PVM/MA copolymer to the formulation improved the adsorption and retention of salifluor on simulated tooth surfacesin vitro(saliva coated hydroxyapatite disks) by almost two‐fold and also increased the antiplaque efficacy in both laboratory and human clinical studies, it was also found that a non fluoride dentifrice containing a combination of salifluor and PVM/MA copolymer with a dicalcium phosphate dihydrate abrasive, was highly effective in reducing smooth surface and fissure caries in rats. The results of the present studies demonstrated that salifluor is an effective antiplaque agent in mouthrinse and dentifrice when carefully formulated to maximize its delivery and bioavailability on oral surfaces. They also illustrated the difficulties encountered in exploiting the antimicrobial efficacy of highly hydrophobic, nonionic antimicrobial agents such as salifluor in commonly used oral hyg

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01808.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of furcation‐involved molars in a patient sample referred for periodontal treatment, A total of 222 patients aged, 14‐73 years (mean age 45 years), and with signs of destructive periodontal disease in at least 2 quadrants of the dentition were included in the study. The clinical examination involved assessments of oral hygiene status, gingival conditions, probing pocket depth and presence/degree of furcation involvement. In addition, a full mouth intraoral radiographic examination was performed. The results revealed that 4% of the patients presented with all 12 molars, while 3% had lost all molars, 52% of the individuals had at least 8 molars; 95% of subjects<30 years of age and 19% in the age 60 years. In patients aged ≥40 years, every 2nd molar showed advanced periodontal destruction in the furcation area. The prevalence of furcation involved molars was higher in the maxilla than in the mandible. From the age of 30 years, about 50% of the 1st and 2nd molars in the maxilla showed at least 1 furcation site with deep involvement, while in the mandible a similar prevalence was observed first after the age of 40 years. The highest frequency of furcation involvement was found at the distal site of the maxillary 1st molar (53%), and the mesial aspects of the maxillary 2nd molar showed the lowest frequency (20%), Furcation sites with a probeable trunk region were observed at a frequency of 17‐22% at the various tooth sites. It was concluded that tooth morphology may be an important factor that accounts for the variability in prevalence of molar furcation invo

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01809.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSLS‐containing toothpaste has previously been shown to cause oral mucosal desquamations when used in an experimental cap splint model. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of toothpastes containing SLS in combination with triclosan on oral mucosal desquamation in a similar cap splint model system. It has previously been shown that the antibacterial agent triclosan also may have anti‐inflammatory properties. The concentration of triclosan in the experimental toothpastes was 0.3%, while SLS varied from 1.5% to 3%. No oral mucosal desquamations were observed after use of a 1.5% SLS – 0.3% triclosan containing toothpaste, contrary to the positive control toothpaste that contained 1.5% SLS without triclosan. Furthermore, a statistically significant reduction in severe desquamations was observed after use of a toothpaste containing 3% SLS – 0.3% triclosan compared with the positive control. It may thus be suggested that triclosan exerts a moderating effect on desquamative reactions caused by SLS and that the effect is dependent on the relative amount of triclosan and SLS in the toot

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01810.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe clinical and immunological data from 4 patients with generalized prepubertal periodontitis are presented. The peripheral blood neutrophil chemo‐taxis was measured using zymosan activated sera as the chemoattractant. All of the 4 patients have shown depressed neutrophil chemotaxis compared to those of the healthy controls. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations were analysed by double‐coloured flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies for the receptors CD2. CD3. CD4. CD8. CD19. CD29, CD45RA +, 34,29dK, CD56, CD11b/CD18. Lymphocytes bearing CD3 receptors showed a significant decrease compared to those of the controls. Natural killer cells were lowered in 3 of the 4 cases. All of the patients showed a higher increase in CD11b/CD18 expression. The evaluation of CDllb/CD18 receptor in peripheral blood leukocytes may be of help explaining the rôle of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of the dis

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01811.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOverall literature reviews have concluded that no one design of the manual toothbrush is superior for plaque removal. More recently, a toothbrush with filaments angled away from the head was shown to be more effective in several single‐use studies than conventional designs. The aim of this study was to compare plaque removal by this new toothbrush and 3 other toothbrushes which had more conventional filament arrangements. 36 volunteers participated in this single‐blind, randomised, 4‐cell, crossover single use toothbrushing study On day 1 of each period, volunteers brushed with a standard toothbrush and toothpaste for 60 s and then suspended oral hygiene for 48 h. On day 3, volunteers were scored for plaque by area and then brushed with the allocated test toothbrush with toothpaste for 60 s and plaque area was rescored. A washout of 4 days was allowed between test periods. The plaque areas were used to record the binary scores of the Rustogi et al. modification of the modified Navy plaque index but away from the clinic employing the Claydon and Addy procedural method for the index. Plaque removal scored by area and site were not significantly different between the brushes. This study is at variance with previous similar investigations which suggested that the new design of toothbrush head was superior for plaque removal. It is concluded again that there are no data which demonstrate unequivocally that any one manual toothbrush design is superior to any other for plaque re

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01812.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY