摘要:

AbstractIt is generally known that the degree of periodontal breakdown increases with increasing age. The extent to which aging of periodontal tissues plays a part in this respect poses a question which is yet to be answered. Aging proves to be accompanied by a variety of periodontal changes. The periodontal tissues themselves show evidence of aging, there are indications that the composition of the plaque changes, and the reaction of the periodontium to the presence of plaque probably changes as well. There is as yet no sufficient evidence of a physiological apical migration of the epithelial attachment in human subjects. It seems plausible that periodontal breakdown can occur only in the presence of plaque with consequent inflammation of the periodontium, or as a result of trauma. Whether changes in plaque composition with age exert any influence on the course of periodontal breakdown is uncertain: the data available are not yet sufficient to warrant definite conclusions. The same applies to the influence which a changing reaction of the periodontium to the presence of plaque may have on the course of periodontal breakdown. Research findings do suggest that the degree of periodontal breakdown increases with age, that with increasing age inflammation of the periodontium tends to develop more rapidly and that in the process of aging the periodontium shows a slower rate of wound healing. However, these phenomena are overshadowed by the patients’ susceptibility to periodontal disease. This implies that (1) the susceptibility lo periodontal disease is more significant for the rate of periodontal destruction than the length of time plaque is present (the age effect) and (2) the greater the susceptibility to periodontal disease, the slower the rate of wound healing and the more rapidly inflammation of the periodontium tends to develo

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of a cartilage allograft on healing in intrabony defects treated by open flap curettage was investigated at 130 surgical sites in 4 patients. Thinned mucoperiosteal flaps were elevated and the intrabony defects were debrided. A stem with stainless steel pins was used to measure defect depth at fixed locations adjacent to the root surfaces. The bony defects treated ranged from 0–9 mm with a mean intraosseous depth of 2.4 mm. 62 sites received cartilage implants and 68 sites were treated by surgical debridement only. The flaps were readapted and sutured to the level of the alveolar crest. After 16 weeks the defects were remeasured. Both treatment methods resulted in a mean apical shift of –0.09 mm of the base of the defects that were3.5 mm in depth. The repair in deeper lesions increased with the number of intrabony walls. Mean pocket depth at flap curettage sites was reduced from 5.4–3.3 mm (P<0.01) at 16 weeks. At sites receiving the cartilage, the mean pocket depth decreased from 5.6–3.6 mm (P<0.01). Pocket reduction resulted from a combination of surgical recession and a mean gain of 1 mm in clinical attachment (P<0.05 for flap curettage sites only). The cartilage implants provided no statistically significant advantage in either bony or soft tissue repair over flap debridement alone. Although bony repair is influenced by depth and configuration of the intrabony defects, significant gains in attachment and reductions in pocket depth may occur independently of changes at the base of the intrabony

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study was conducted to determine whether smokers have more plaque than non‐smokers, and whether higher plaque scores subsequently found in smokers could be explained by differences in toothbrushing time, efficiency and frequency. Plaque was scored from photographs, before and after toothbrushing, in 64 smokers and 64 non‐smokers, aged 20–40 years, matched for age and sex. The results showed that in both sexes smokers had more plaque than non‐smokers. Male smokers brushed for a shorter time, and had more plaque alter toothbrushing, than male non‐smokers. A similar, though non‐significant trend was found in females. There was no association between tobacco consumption and frequency of toothbrushing. It was concluded that the poorer oral cleanliness found in smokers both before and after toothbrushing may be explained, in part at least, by their shorter toothbr

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to analyze‐the effect of systemic antimicrobial therapy and mechanical plaque control in patients with recurrent periodontal disease. 9 patients volunteered for the combined therapy. At a baseline examination they were randomly distributed into 2 groups, one given tetracycline therapy for 2 weeks and the other metronidazole therapy for 1 week. A mechanical plaque control program comprising oral hygiene training, professional cleaning of all teeth and subgingival debridement at diseased sites was carried out at the baseline examination and at all recall visits, i.e. once every month during the first 6 months and then after 9, 12, and 18 months.The results demonstrated clinically and microbiologically that a combination of an initial antimicrobial and a continuous systematic mechanical plaque control program may be a valuable therapeutic approach in a strictly selected group of refractory patients. Recurrent periodontal lesions which still displayed severe inflammation despite renewed conventional therapy showed a marked reduction in probing depths, bleeding and suppuration from the pockets, and further, a reduced presence of spirochetes and motile rods during the trial. The results indicate that the level and longevity of success is also related to whether or not self‐performed oral hygiene measures are sufficiently carried out. No superior effect of the combined program could be observed in cooperating patients receiving tetracycline as compared with those given metronidaz

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 3‐way, blind, cross‐over study was done to compare the plaque removing effects of a double headed toothbrush with a popular single headed flat toothbrush in 39 patients instructed in specific oral hygiene techniques. Both brushes were used with the modified Bass technique for 1 week each, whilst for an additional consecutive week, the single headed brush was used with the modified Bass and roll techniques combined.The results of this study indicated that, lingually, the double headed brush was superior to the flat single headed brush, whilst buccally no difference was found. With single headed toothbrushes the combined toothbrushing action of the modified Bass and roll techniques was less efficient than the modified Bass technique alone in the removal of dental pla

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe structure of the rests of Malassez and the relationship which they bear to the junctional epithelium in the marginal region of pigs’ molars was investigated. A 3‐dimensional picture of the marginal rests and their relationship to the junctional epithelium was built up by means of standardized photomicrocraphs made from serial sections. In teeth involved in chronic marginal inflammation, the rests in this region appeared to form a continuous network and we confirmed the original suggestion of Grant&Bernick that, at frequent intervals, the junctional epithelium “…seemed to be continuous with the epithelial rests in the upper third of the root …”.If the anatomical relationship of the rests in man resembles that seen in the pig and they form a continuous network communicating at intervals with the junctional epithelium, this relationship must inevitably lead to speculation about the effects of any potential for reactive proliferative equivalent to that which is frequently seen in the apical region. It is possible that the rests might be acting as the “thin end of the wedge”, augmenting and facilitating apical migration of the junctional epithelium during the pathogenesis of the per

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01330.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStandardized radiographs and repeated periodontal probe measurements were made on 22 untreated subjects with destructive periodontal disease monitored for I year. Radiographs of selected sites were taken at 0, 6 and 12 months. Measurements of attachment level were made monthly. Radiographic measurements were made on 7× magnified projected images. Alveolar bone height from the CEJ Was Computed by multiplying the average length of the root times the measured ratio of CEJ To Alveolar bone over CEJ To Root tip. Each radiograph was measured twice by 2 investigators. Sites were excluded as having indistinct anatomical landmarks in which the standard deviation of the 4 measurements exceeded 0.16 mm, the measurement error for repeat determination of bone height on high quality radiographic images. A 3 sigma critical value for significant bone loss was selected as 0.48 mm. Changes in attachment level were computed for the intervals preceding and during the 6–12 month radiographic measurement period. Based on these critical values, 6.1% of the 231 radiographed sites showed significant bone loss. Similarly, 5.7% of the 1155 probed sites showed significant attachment loss. However, none of the sites with significant bone loss exhibited significant attachment loss over the same time period. In general, significant attachment loss preceded bone loss by 6 to 8 months. At 4 mm, attachment loss was found to predict subsequent bone loss with a true positive ratio of 60% and a false positive ratio of 5%, indicating a high degree of predictive discrimination. These observations indicate that attachment loss precedes radiographic evidence of crestal alveolar bone loss during periods of periodontal disease activi

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01331.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01332.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY