摘要:

AbstractThe increasing awareness of the role of obligate anaerobic bacteria in the aetiology of oral disease has led to an interest in their chemotherapeutic control. Many drugs are capable of eliminating anaerobes but in instances where these bacteria are acting as sole or major pathogens it is desirable to remove these specifically. The nitroimidazole group of drugs is specifically anti‐anaerobic in nature and includes metronidazole, nimorazole and tinidazole. This paper reviews the literature on metronidazole. This drug is absorbed well from the gastrointestinal tract and can be detected at batericidal levels in blood and saliva within 1 h of ingestion. The mode of action of metronidazole is unknown but thought to concern intracellular reduction of the molecule. The drug acts specifically against anaerobes and does not disturb the commensal aerobic flora; resistance very rarely develops. The dosage recommended for use in dentistry would appear to be very safe. Metronidazole has important interactions with alcohol, disulfiram and warfarin and there are containdications to its use. Metronidazole has been proved to be efficacious in treating: acute ulcerative gingivitis may infections, some cases of osteomyelitis and infected socket. The drug may be of use in cases of chronic progressive periodontitis where anaerobes are implicated as pathogen

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01318.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of ascorbic acid megadoses on gingival clinical parameters and vitamin content of blood and gingival tissue was studied. 10 nondeficient individuals, carefully matched according to age, periodontal status, and oral hygiene level, were divided into 2 groups: one received 250 mg q.i.d. of ascorbic acid and the other a placebo. After 1 week on the tablet all patients were scaled and root planed and received oral hygiene instructions. Blood samples and clinical parameters were obtained at baseline and 2, 6, and 7 weeks after. A gingival biopsy was taken at week 6.Correlations between the clinical parameters and the ascorbic acid levels at the different time periods revealed no significant differences between the vitamin and the placebo groups, therefore suggesting that the use of megadoses of vitamin C in normal human subjects does not have a predictable or strong effect on the gingival response to initial therapy.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01319.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present investigation compared subgingival metronidazole in dialysis tubing and subgingival chlorhexidine irrigation in the control of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. 10 patients with 4 mm or deeper periodontal pockets were divided into 2 groups. Both received baseline scaling, root planing, subcontact area cleaning and instruction in the Bass technique of tooth brushing, but not in interdental cleaning. One group with 80 pockets received 0.2% chlorhexidine subgingival irrigation for 28 days and the other with 86 pockets received 0.5 % metronidazole solution incorporated in subgingivally placed dialysis tubing. The tubings were replaced with freshly filled ones at days 7, 14 and 21. Active treatment ceased at day 28. Plaque Index, Sulcus Bleeding Index, pocket depth and gingival shrinkage were recorded at days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 56 and 84.Subgingival 0.5% metronidazole in dialysis tubing and 0.2% chlorhexidine irrigation were found to be equally effective in reducing chronic periodontitis. Metronidazole reduced Plaque Index less but pocket depth more than chlorhexidine. Improvements were maintained significantly below baseline levels for at least 8 weeks after the end of the 4‐wcek treatment perio

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent studies have shown that several metal ions inhibit plaque formation and reduce the acidogenicity of dental plaque. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect on plaque and gingivitis of 2.2 mM CuSO4with an equimolar solution of chlorhexidine in a modified experimental gingivitis model. The study was performed according to a double‐blind cross‐over design. Before each experimental period the GI was recorded and the participants’ teeth were scaled and polished to remove all supragingivul deposits. All mechanical oral hygiene was suspended during the experimental periods. The mean PlI after rinsing with chlorhexidine, CuSO4and water was 0.29, 0.79 and 1.25, respectively. The corresponding GI values were 0.57, 0.83 and 1.02. All differences were statistically significant. The results showed that CuSO4inhibits plaque formation and development of gingivitis, but not to the same degree as chlorhex

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01321.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMedically healthy subjects (N=103), 10–32 years of age, with localized (juvenile periodontitis = JP) or generalized (severe periodontitis=SP) advanced periodontal disease were analyzed for interrelationships of sex, race, age and clinical findings. Females predominated (2:1) in both JP and SP. There were significantly more subjects of the black race in JP, but when age was included as a cofactor the race distinction became insignificant. While whole mouth Plaque and Gingival Indices were lower in JP, these valuesat sites with attachment losswere equally high in both groups. Extent of disease was significantly related to both plaque and age in SP, and to plaque butnotto age in JP. This suggests the existence of a factor(s) in JP which interfere(s) with the age‐plaque‐disease relationships found in SP and present in adult periodontitis. Contrary to implications of some definitions of JP, periodontal attachment loss was strongly associated with plaque and gingival inflammation in both localized and generalized patterns of di

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present investigation was carried out to study some aspects of the recolonization of a subgingival microbiota following subgingival instrumentation in sites with deep pockets. 16 patients were recruited for the study. From each patient 4 inflamed gingival sites with deep pockets were selected. These sites were examined for plaque, overt gingivitis, bleeding on probing and probing depth. Samples of the subgingival microbiota were obtained and examined in the darkfield microscope and in a Neubauer chamber.Following theBaseline examinationthe teeth of all 4 jaw quadrants were carefully scaled and planed. Subgingival instrumentation was carried out under local anesthesia and required between 2–4 appointments. The patients were subsequently divided into 2 groups (Groups A and B) consisting of 9 and 7 subjects, respectively. During the first 16 weeks of maintenance the patients of Group A were not supervised regarding their self‐performed plaque control measures and they accumulated supragingival plaque. The patients of Group B, however, were during these 16 weeks recalled once every 2 weeks for professional tooth cleaning. In addition they rinsed twice daily with a 0.2% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate. Reexaminations including assessments of the same parameters as those studied atBaselinewere performed after 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. After the 16‐week examination the patients of Group A received a new sequence of subgingival scaling and root planing. During the subsequent 16 weeks the patients of Group A were also recalled for professional tooth cleaning. They were reexamined 18, 20, 24, 28 and 32 weeks after theBaseline examination.Subgingival scaling followed by carefully supervised oral hygiene measures resulted in a marked improvement of periodontal conditions. This improvement was accompanied by a pronounced and sustained reduction in the motile segments of the subgingival microbiota. In the presence of supragingival plaque (Group A), however, a subgingival microbiota containing large numbers of spirochetes and motile rods was soon (4–8 weeks) reestablished. A small number of sites with deep pockets ( 8 mm) was not substantially reduced in depth following subgingival instrumentation. In these sites which were kept free from supragingival deposits a subgingival microbiota with a large proportion of motile bacteria soon r

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY