摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the present investigation was to identify 2 putative penodontal pathogens:Eikenella corrodensandActinobacillus actinoinycetemcoiniiunsby polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in vilro and in subgingival plaque. On the basis of published sequences coding for 16S rRNA two primer pairs were designed which amplify a 410 bp sequence fromE. corrodensDNA and a 547 bp fragment fromA. actinomycetemcomitansDNA. respectively. As few as 50 cells could be detected from pure bacterial cultures. Each of the two primer pairs was found to be specific in that it did not give any amplification product neither with cell lysates from the respective alternative bacterium nor with lysates obtained from other putative periodontal pathogens and other bacteria. The PCR method developed turned out to be a simple, rapid and reliable diagnostic tool for the detection of the target microorganisms in clinical samples.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00508.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis review concerns the most significant questions regarding supportive (maintenance) care after active periodontal treatment: the effectiveness and ideal frequency of maintenance appointments, the adecuacy of the supportive therapy according to patient needs, the possible alternatives to currently accepted protocols, and the relative value of personal oral hygiene in the overall context of supportive care. Periodontal diseases are infections with a high potential for recurrence, progressive loss of attachment and eventually, tooth loss. Current therapies for periodontal diseases are highly predictable in arresting disease activity. Supportive periodontal care has been shown to be very effective in maintaining support when adapted to each particular case. Nevertheless, current maintenance therapies may be unsuccessful in preventing further loss of attachment in a small number of sites for some patients. Tests aiming at bacterial identification and the subgingival application of antimicrobials may be helpful in the management of such cases, however the practical value in a specific setting is not known. There is growing evidence of the fundamental role of personal oral hygiene in supportive periodontal care. In cases with rapid and severe periodontal destruction and where local and/or systemic risk factors are present, personal oral hygiene becomes a key factor in the long‐term preservation of periodontal suppor

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00509.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of black‐pigmenting Gram‐negative bacteria in the dentition of 10 adult periodontitis patients before and after treatment by local delivery of tetracycline. The subjects were selected based on a screening for high counts ofPorphyramonas gingivalisand multiple deep pockets. Subgingival microbial samples were taken from the mesial and distal aspect of every tooth (44 to 56 sites per patient) before treatment, and after one and two months. Therapy included full mouth scaling and root planing, chlorhexidine mouth rinsing and placement of tetracycline HCI fibers (Actisite®) on all teeth. 63.4% of 524 baseline samples yielded total anaerobic viable counts 2106 CFU/ml:P. gingivaliswas found in 59.2% andPrevotellaintermedia in 56.9%. One month after treatment, the % of samples with 106CPU/ml was reduced to 9.4%, 5.3% wereP. gingivalisand5.1%P. intermedia‐positive.After 2 months, 9.6% samples yielded 106CFU/ml, 5.2% were P. gingivalisand 9.4% P. intermedia‐ ositive. 20 of the 39 sites with a persistence ofP. gingivaliswere located on second molars. Logistic regression models were utilized to explain the persistence ofP. gingivalis, using site location and other clinical parameters as indepedent variables. These analyses indicated a strong association of site location, pocket depth and bleeding on sampling with persistence ofP. gingivalis.The study shows that local delivery of tetracycline is highly effective in reducing the prevalence and proportions of black‐pigmenting anaerobes within a dentition. Bleeding deep pockets of second molars have an increased risk for persistence of these

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00510.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract35 patients receiving regular supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) and showing signs of localized persistent or recurrent periodontitis were enrolled in the study. Within 1 week after SPT, each patient had a tetracycline HCl loaded ethylene vinyl acetate co‐polymer fiber placed into the periodontal pocket of 1 randomly selected tooth with persistent or recurrent periodontitis (test); the fiber was removed after 9.5±2.0 days. A non‐adjacent tooth with persistent or recurrent periodontitis in a separate quadrant, which received no further treatment, served as a control. A total of 28 patients completed the 6‐month study. Compared to control teeth, in test teeth at 6 months significantly (p<0.01) lower scores were found for gingival index, pocket probing depths, and PMN elastase‐α1‐proteinase inhibitor concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid. With the exception of plaque index scores, test teeth demonstrated significant reductions from baseline to 6 months in all parameters (p<0.05). Conversely, all parameter measurements in control teeth, except bleeding on probing, showed no significant difference between baseline and 6‐month values. The results suggest that the use of controlled topical application of tetracycline HCl may improve periodontal health and reduce the risk of disease progression in localized persistent or recurrent periodontitis. Moreover, the effects of this application appear to be sustained for at l

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00511.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTrue neoplasms are rarely localised to the periodontium. However, early recognition and diagnosis of neoplastic lesions resides within the realm of responsibility of the dentist. In recent years, a number of odontogenic tumors has been described characterized by an occurrence on the gingiva or in the intrabony part of the periodontium. One such neoplasm, the squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) originally described 20 years ago is now a well‐recognized entity localized to the periodontium, be it in the periodontal ligament or in the gingivae. A review of 36 acceptable cases of this tumor published sofar, forms the basis of the present pape

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00512.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of the toothpaste ingredient triclosan (2,4,4′‐trichloro‐2′‐hydroxyldiphenyl ether) on the prostaglandins biosynthesis in human gingival fibroblasts challenged with interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) or tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) was studied in vitro. When gingival fibroblasts were treated simultaneously with triciosan and IL‐1β, the stimulatory effect of IL‐1β on prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and PGI2formation was reduced in a dose‐dependent manner by triclosan. Triclosan also reduced the PGE: formation induced by TNFα. Furthermore, the capacity of IL‐1β to induce release of [3H] arachidonic acid from prelabelled gingival fibroblasts was reduced in the presence of triclosan. Addition of exogenous unlabelled arachidonic acid (AA) to the cells resulted in enhanced PGE2formation which was reduced by triclosan. The upregulation of the metabolism of AA to PGE2induced by IL‐lβ, was markedly reduced in the presence of triclosan. The study indicates that the stimulatory effect of IL‐1β on prostanoid formation (PGE2, PGI2) in human gingival fibroblasts was diminished in the presence of triciosan partly at the level of phospholipase A2and partly at the level of cyclooxygenase. The present data that triclosan. in vitro, inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins suggests that this can be an aspect of its clinical effect on gingivitis, in a

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00513.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present trial was to study if carefully practiced supragingival plaque control influenced the subgingival microbiota at periodontal sites with suprabony, infrabony, or furcation pockets. 12 subjects, 5 males and 7 females aged 44 to 69 years (mean age 55 years) participated in the study. None of the participants had during the last 12 months received periodontal therapy, and none of the subjects had used antibiotics during a 3‐month period preceding the study. Following a screening examination. 6 to 8 sites per subject were selected which had a probing depth of 5 mm. Among these sites. 1–3 sites had a supra‐bony location. 1–3 sites had an infrabony location, and 1–3 sites were associated with a furcation defect. The selected sites were exposed to a baseline examination at which the following parameters were recorded: plaque, gingivitis, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level. A bacterial sample was obtained from each of the selected sites: 2 sterile paper points were inserted into the pocket and kept in place for 30 seconds. The paper point samples were removed, placed in a vial containing an anaerobically prepared transport medium, and processed using routine procedures. Following the baseline examination, each subject was given a case presentation, received thorough supragingival scaling and was instructed to practice proper plaque control with the use of toothbrush and dentifrice. During the subsequent 30 weeks they were recalled 2–3 × per week for professional tooth cleaning. Each session was handled by a dental hygienist and required about 15 min. Re‐examinations were performed after 30 weeks. The findings indicated that professionally delivered and frequently repeated supragingival tooth cleaning, combined with careful self‐performed plaque control had a marked effect on the subgingival microbiota of moderate to deep periodontai pockets. Thus, at sites with suprabony and infrabony pockets, as well as at furcation sites, the meticulous and prolonged supragingival plaque removal reduced the total number of microorganisms that could be harvested, as well as the % of sites w

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00514.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case of severe gingival overgrowth associated with combined drug therapy of cyclosporin A and nifedipine is reported. The frequently increased vas‐cularity of the gingival tissues in such cases often causes problems with bleeding both during and after surgery. Acrylic suckdown splints have been used postoperatively to assist haemostasis, however, these can interfere with function and cause discomfort. This report describes a combined treatment approach using conventional gingivectomy and carbon dioxide laser for the removal of the hypertrophic soft tissue. The benefits of such combined treatment include reduced bleeding during surgery with consequent reduced operating time and rapid post‐operative haemostasis, thus eliminating the need for a spl

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00515.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study evaluates periodontal repair and biomaterial reaction following implantation of a polyglactin mesh with or without porous resorbable calcium carbonate (RCC) or porous replamineform hydroxyapatite (RHA) in conjunction with reconstructive surgery. Ligature‐ and surgically‐induced interproximal periodontal defects of left and right mandibular premolar teeth in 7 dogs were used. Bilaterally, mesial defects of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th premolar teeth were treated with polyglactin mesh, polyglactin mesh and RHA. or polyglactin mesh and RCC. respectively. The polyglactin mesh, shaped according to the contour of the defect, was adapted to the experimental teeth: its coronal margin positioned immediately apical to the cemento‐enamel junction. Gingival flap margins were adapted and sutured to cover the polyglactin mesh completely. Clinical healing was generally uneventful. The dogs were sacrificed to provide block sections for histologic evaluation at 1, 3, 6, 12, 26, 32 and 56 weeks following wound closure. Generally, cementum regeneration was observed beginning at week 6 in all groups. Bone regeneration was observed from week 3 in polyglactin mesh‐treated groups, and from week 6 in polyglactin mesh + RCC or polyglactin mesh + RHA treated groups. Bone regeneration appeared enhanced in polyglactin mesh + RCC or polyglactin mesh + RHA treated defects at week 12 and 26, with little difference between the three experimental conditions at week 56. Polyglactin mesh degradation was observed at week 3 and appeared complete at week 12. The RHA did not appear to resorb, while the RCC was gradually replaced by bone from week 3. Within limitations of the study conditions, periodontal regeneration was observed following implantation of a polyglactin mesh with or without RCC or RHA in conjunction with reconstructive surgery. As a conclusion, there seems to be no significant difference in periodontal regeneration after 12 months of healing between the group treated with the membrane only, and the group treated with the membrane and the bone substitution material. Changes in connective fiber orientation over the 1st 12 weeks of healing may suggest that “fibrous encapsulation” observed in earlier studies may only represent a transient stage in periodontal r

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00516.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe high molecular weight copolymer M239144 has proven antiadhesive action in vitro but clinically lacked effect, even when combined with chlorhexidine. This latter result was thought to arise from inactivation of chlorhexidine by the copolymer. The aim of this study was to determine whether improved activity might arise if the copolymer and chlorhexidine were applied sequentially rather than combined. The study was a double‐blind, randomised crossover design balanced for carryover using a 24‐h plaque regrowth method. 2 groups of 25 subjects from a zero plaque baseline rinsed 1 x with 15 ml volumes of the allocated paired rinses for 60 s. Subjects abstained from toothcleaning for 24 h and were scored for plaque by area. The paired regimens were: 1. placebo: placebo; 2. placebo: 0.03% chlorhexidine; 3. 1% co‐polymer and 0.03% chlorhexidine: 4. placebo: 1% co‐polymer; 5. placebo: 0.12% chlorhexidine. Plaque regrowth was greatest with regimen 1 and least with regimen 5. However, regimens 3 and 4 were not significantly different from regimen 1, whereas regimen 2 was significantly more effective than regimen 3. The results indicate that the copolymer alone is ineffective, and even delivered sequentially, inactivates chlorh

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY