摘要:

Abstract.The ability of stromelysin (SL). fibroblast‐type collagenase (FIB‐CL) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP). to differentiate between healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis sites was investigated. SL and FIB‐CL are members of a family of enzymes which are capable of degrading most of the extracellular matrix macromolecules. Extracellular control of these enzymes is performed by TIMR 40 patients each provided 3 GCF samples from healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis sites. GCF samples were collected by means of sterile paper strips. GCF samples were eluted into 500 /A of assay buffer and assays for SL, FIB‐CL and TIMP were performed by a sandwich EL1SA. The mean amounts of SL and TIMP in diseased sites (gingivitis and periodontitis) were significantly higher than the mean amount of these GCF components in healthy sites (MANOVA p values were: 0.006 for SL and 0.001 for TIMP). GCF SL and TIMP differentiated healthy from diseased sites. Both SL and TIMP showed moderate correlation with clinical indices. FIB‐CL was detectable in only 20.8/o of all sites and did not correlate with disea

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00797.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Serum IgG antibody titers to 7 periodontopathic bacteria in periodontitis patients were measured at the Is1 visit and after various periodontal treatments with clinically successful improvement, in order to evaluate what kind of factors are associated with changes of serum antibody titers. 20 patients (10 male and 10 female from 23 to 61 years old) with adult, rapidly progressive periodontitis were enrolled in this study. All patients received initial preparation and most of them also underwent surgical procedure. After the treatments, the mean probing pocket depths decreased from 3.72 mm to 1.56 mm. Serum samples were collected from patients at the initial and final examinations. Serum IgG antibody titers against sonicated antigens ofPorphyromonas gingivalisFDC 381,Prevotella intermediaATCC 25611.Prevotella loescheiiATCC 15930.Fusobacterium nucleatumsubspeciesnucleatumATCC 25586.Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitansFDC Y4.Eikenella corrodensFDC 1073 andCapnocylophaga ochracea#M 12 were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The mean antibody titers toP. gingivalis and P. intermediadecreased significantly after the treatment as compared to their pretreatment levels. The antibody titer to P. gingivalis, especially, decreased in all of the patients examined. A significant relationship was found between the decreased antibody titer to P. gingivalis and the number of teeth which received periodontal surgery, as well as treatment length, and the relationship between the decreased antibody titer toP. intermediaand the number of extracted teeth was also significant. These results suggest that the changes of serum IgG titers againstP. gingivalisandP. intermediaare related to the suppression of such pathogens in subgingival plaqu

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00798.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Reviewing the literature concerning the possible role of psychosocial factors in the aetiology of inflammatory periodontal diseases, it may be concluded that there is evidence which strongly suggests that emotional stress is one of the predisposing factors to ANUG. On the other hand, it is not clear that the scientific evidence is sufficient to substantiate the hypothesis that psychosocial factors are of aetiological importance in periodontitis. The proposed mechanisms which may mediate the putative relationship between psychosocial conditions and inflammatory periodontal diseases remain to be tested. However, psychoneuroimmunologic studies make lowered host resistance especially interesting as a possible mechanism. Although available studies do not definitively support causal relationships, they suggest that psychosocial factors may be involved in the aetiology of inflammatory periodontal diseases, which, in turn, would relate to clinical management of these conditions.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00799.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The effects of 0.1% and 0.2% delmopinol mouthwashes on supragingival plaque flora were investigated in a 6‐month home‐use study. 141 subjects were studied from whom plaque was collected at baseline. 12. 24 and 36 weeks. Overall, there were no consistent effects on microscopic or total counts. However, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of dextran‐producing streptococci in the active groups compared to the control group throughout treatment. There was no colonisation byCandidaor Gram‐negative aerobic bacilli in the active groups nor was there any decrease in susceptibility to delmopinol. Delmopinol appears to mediate its anti‐plaque effect without causing a major shift in bacteria! populations, although dextran‐producing bacteria appear to be affected, which may have relevance to this agent's mod

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00800.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A double‐blind, randomised. 4‐week clinical trial with parallel group design in 57 patients with gingivitis was conducted for studying the antibacterial efficacy and safety of a delmopinol HCl aqueous solution 2 mg/ml (0.2% w‐'v). which was used for unsupervised mouth‐rinsing and compared with placebo and chlorhexidine digluconate 2 mg/ml (0.2% w/v, Hibitane Dental. 1CI Pharmaceuticals, UK). The plaque index and plaque wet weight were used to measure plaque formation, and gingival fluid flow and bleeding on probing to measure gingivitis. According to the reduction from baseline, chlorhexidine showed a significantly better effect on plaque formation than the placebo after 4 weeks treatment for both plaque measurements. Delmopinol exhibited significantly lower plaque index scores than placebo. The difference between chlorhexidine and delmopinol was not statistically significant for any of the plaque measurements. For gingivitis, no statistically significant differences were obtained between the effects of delmopinol. chlorhexidine and placebo. A transient anaesthetic sensation in the oral mucosa was experienced more clearly by the patients in the delmopinol group than by those using chlorhexidine or placebo rinses. Rinsing with chlorhexidine resulted in more staining of the teeth and tongue than did delmopinol and placebo. The placebo solution lasted better than the 2 active solutions. The results showed that rinsing with either delmopinol HC1 aqueous solution 2 mg/ ml or chlorhexidine digluconate 2 mg/ml 2× daily for 60 s as a supplement to normal oral hygiene, following an initial professional tooth cleaning, leads to a lower plaque formation than rinsing with placebo. In order to obtain conclusive results beyond the initial etTect of the professional tooth cleaning and the placebo effect and lo achieve enough power in the statistical analysis of gingivitis reduction, trials of longer duration and with a larger number of patients are required. This study showed good tolerance and acceptability of mouth‐rinsing with the detmopinol HC1 aqueous soluti

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00801.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Short‐term methodologies have been developed to screen chemical agents for plaque inhibitory effects. Most measure inhibition of plaque regrowth over several days. A method was described to study agents over 16–24 h periods, although some difficulties with the index used were reported. The aim of this study was to determine whether more conventional plaque scoring methods could be used. These 2 crossover studies measured plaque regrowth over 24 h in 20 subjects and in response to single brushings with either a chlorhexidine and minus active toothpaste or to a fluoride toothpaste product and water. Significantly less plaque had reformed after brushing with the chlorhexidine toothpaste compared with its control and with the fluoride toothpaste compared with water. 18 subjects participated in both studies and using their data for an interstudy comparison, less plaque developed with the chlorhexidine compared with the fluoride toothpaste. These studies had the advantage that longer‐term trials already demonstrated the same differences. This permits one to conclude with some certainty that the 24–h plaque regrowth study design, using conventional measures of plaque accumulation, could be a useful and rapid method of screening potential plaque inhibitory agents and formu

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00802.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.This investigation was undertaken to evaluate cross‐linked human type I collagen, with and without added metronidazole, when used as a barrier membrane in the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) principle of treatment for periodontal disease. 16 patients suffering from moderate to severe periodontitis with 78 bilaterally matched periodontal defects underwent similar contralateral surgical flap procedures after preliminary scaling, polishing and oral hygiene instruction. At the experimental sites, which were selected at random, the flap was closed over metronidazole impregnated collagen as a GTR membrane, the contralateral sites receiving a plain collagen barrier as control. The plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), bleeding index (BI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and probing attachment level (PAL) were recorded at baseline. 6. 12 and 26 weeks post‐operatively. The bony defects were classified and furcation involvement noted. The clinical parameters were recorded by an examiner, other than the surgeon, who had been previously assessed for accurate reproducibility of measurements and was unaware of the experimental sites. PPD and PAL were measured with a constant pressure probe, localised by a soft stent. Post‐operative discomfort was evaluated by means of a questionnaire. PLI, GI and BI were significantly improved compared to baseline for both test and control sites at 6. 12 and 26 weeks post surgery (p0.05). There was a reduction in PPD at 6 weeks which was significant at 12 and 26 weeks post‐operatively (p0.05). Probing attachment levels showed a significant improvement at 6. 12 and 26 weeks at both test and control sites (p0.05). 6 patients experienced pain and an unpleasant taste after surgery, 5 at the control sites but only 1 at the test site. This study showed that all sites improved clinically and that there was less post‐operative discomfort when metronidazole was incorporated in the collagen. Nevertheless the latter did not appear to enhance periodontal regeneration beyond that of colla

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00803.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An electron microprobe analyser associated with a scanning electronic microscope was used to measure Ca. P and Mg contents of the human dental root hard tissues, before and after a citric acid treatment (pH= 1). The measurements were made on transverse sections through the cervical 1/3 of the molar roots. The measurements were performed at the following 8 levels: the internal cementum. the cementum‐dentine junction, cementum‐related dentine, 4 external dentine levels located at 220 μm, 420 μ,620 μ and 820 μ from the cementum‐dentine junction, and finally the juxta‐pulpal dentine. After the citric acid treatment, the losses in Ca and P. but not in Mg. varied significantly with the level: an acid‐resistant dentine layer of ~600 μ was found under the cementum‐dentine junction. An increase in the Ca/P ratio was also observed in this layer. Since this external dentine zone is less demineralized by the citric acid than the underlying dentine, the collagen matrix in this region may also be less exposed. These differences in the response to citric acid that depend on the distance from the root surface may explain the unpredictability of periodontal healing after citric acid treatment of diseased root surfaces, because the amount of tissue removed during root planing

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00804.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases in HIV seropositive and assumed HIV seronegative individuals in the Edinburgh area. 29 HIV seropositive subjects were examined at baseline and at 3‐monthly intervals. Attachment loss and dichotomous indicators of periodontal disease were recorded. 27 control subjects were seen at baseline only. Although there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of mean attachment loss at baseline. HIV seropositive subjects had experienced more severe attachment loss localised to the lower incisor region. HIV seropositive subjects had a significantly higher mean % of sites exhibiting suppuration and redness. A distinct subgroup of 9 HIV seropositive subjects with widespread attachment loss was detected, which included those subjects with severely affected lower incisors. Site‐specific attachment loss of ≥3 mm was observed in only 20 sites out of 2814 sites in HIV+subjects observed longitudinally. The incidence of aggressive periodontal disease in this study was lower than anticipated, despite the inclusion of patients with advanced HIV infection or

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00805.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The aims of this study were to compare the prevalence of suspected periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque from 29 HIV seropositive and 27 control subjects and to determine the association of these bacteria with periodontal destruction. Subgingival plaque was collected from the mesiobuccal sites of all teeth, except 3rd molars. Bacteria were identified and enumerated using non‐isotopic whole chromosomal DNA probes and a colony lift method. At baseline. HIV seropositive subjects had significantly higher mean % ofPorphyromonas gingivalisthan control subjects. This difference could be attributed to a subgroup of HIV seropositive subjects with widespread attachment loss. No correlations were observed between the mean %s of DNA probe species and mean attachment loss. CD4 and CDS T lymphocyte counts or CD4: CDS ratio. No significant microbiological differences were detected between active and control sites in HIV seropositive subjects on a longitudinal basis. There appeared to be an inverse relationship between the mean %s ofP. gingivalisandV. parvula.with respect to progression of HIV infection. The ability of microbiological parameters to predict site‐specific breakdown in HIV seropositive subjects requires further investigat

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00806.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY