摘要:

Abstract84 periodontal intraosseous defects treated with mucoperiosteal replaced flap surgery and citric acid root conditioning were used to study the relationships between various defect characteristics and the healing response as expressed by change of probing attachment level, change of probing bone level and residual probing depth. More gains in probing attachment and probing bone levels were observed in deep defects than in shallower lesions. Other defect characteristics showed weak or no correlations to defect fill. The findings of this study seem to indicate that the outcome of treatment of intraosseous defects may be difficult to predict based upon evaluation of defect characteristics.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01396.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the regenerative potential of the periodontal tissues following tooth reimplantation using a model which excluded the dentogingival epithelium from the process of healing. Maxillary and mandibular incisors, premolars and molars of 5 monkeys were used. Following root filling of all experimental teeth, the teeth were divided into 3 experimental groups. In I group, the teeth were extracted following the elevation of full thickness flaps. The crowns were separated from the roots at the level of the buccal cementoenamel junction and the roots immediately reimplanted into their sockets. The flaps were replaced and sutured to accomplish complete coverage of the roots. In a 2nd group, the teeth were subjected to the same experimental procedure, but in addition, the buccal alveolar bone was removed to about half its original height prior to root reimplantation. The teeth of the 3rd group were subjected to identical experimental procedures as for group II with the addition that the buccal root surfaces were planed to the level of the surgically created bone crest. The animals were sacrificed after 6 months of healing. The jaws were removed and histological specimens prepared for microscopic examination.The results showed that a complete fibrous re‐attachment formed onto roots on which the original periodontal ligament tissue was preserved. This occurred irrespective of whether the roots were reimplanted into sockets with normal (group I) or reduced (group II) bone height. When the original periodontal ligament tissue was removed by root planing before reimplantation (group III), healing resulted in a significant amount of new connective tissue attachment. However, coronal to the newly formed fibrous attachment, the root surface frequently showed signs of resorption and particularly so in those roots which remained covered by the soft tissue during the entire course of healing. In the majority of the roots which perforated the covering soft tissue during the early phase of healing, the dentogingival epithelium had migrated apically into contact with the coronally generated fibrous attachment. In these cases, root resorption was never discernible. New bone formation occurred to a variable extent in the roots of groups II‐III. No relationship was found, however, between the amount of connective tissue reattachment or new attachment and newly formed alveolar bone, which in turn indicates that bone tissue regrowth and periodontal ligameni regeneration are unrelated phenom

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study was designed to evaluate if the conditions for reformation of a connective tissue attachment are less favorable on root surfaces which have lost their fibrous attachment because of periodontal disease than on root surfaces surgically deprived of their attachment apparatus.In each of 4 Green monkeys. 2 maxillary and – mandibular teeth were selected for experimentation. Periodontal breakdown was produced and allowed to progress to the mid‐root level around one of the experimental teeth in both the maxilla and mandible by placing elastic ligatures around the neck of these teeth. 3 months after removal of the ligatures, the crown of the teeth was resected and the epithelium and the subjacent granulation tissue were removed. Using a diamond bur. circumferential defects similar to those obtained by the ligature induced destruction were then produced around the remaining 2 experimental teeth following resection of the crown. The root cementum on both groups of teeth was removed to the level of the reduced bone height. Finally, all roots were submerged to complete coverage by a mucosal flap. After 3 months of healing, the animals were sacrificed and the jaws removed and placed in fixative. After decalcification. histological sections of the experimental roots and their surrounding periodontal tissues were produced. No histological differences in the result of healing were discernible between the specimens of previously periodontitis‐affected roots and roots with surgically created defects. New cementum with inserting collagen fibers had formed in the apical part of the instrumented surface in both groups of teeth. The length of the new fibrous attachment on the root surfaces surgically deprived of their periodontal ligament tissue was 0.7 mm (mean) with a range from 0.1 to 1.9 mm. On the root surfaces exposed by ligature‐induced periodontal breakdown, the newly formed cementum had an average length of 1.0 mm with a range between 0.1 mm and 2.6 mm. This difference between the groups was not statistically significant. The results indicate that the potentials for reformation of fibrous attachment are similar on planed root surfaces previously exposed to periodontal disease and on surfaces surgically deprived of their attachment ap

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSubgingival plaque samples were obtained from 162 sites in 27 adult periodontitis patients and 162 sites in 27 healthy patients using a standardized lavage technique. The distribution of 10 different microbial morphotypes was determined by darkfield microscopy. The lavage technique selectively samples the loosely adherent plaque at the base of the periodontal pocket and not the tooth‐associated, adherent plaque. This standardized technique permits quantitative comparisons of numerical density of morphotype composition at different sites, in addition to qualitative comparisons or relative proportions. There was a significant positive association between the numerical density of each morphotype within the non‐adherent plaque and the number of sites at which the organism was detected in both healthy and diseased subjects.A previously undescribed darkfield morphotype, has been detected with this method. This morphotype. a small motile coccobacillus (S–MO‐CB) has been found to be the numerically dominant species in both health and disease. This morphotype has been recovered in pure culture following passage through a 0.4 μ filter and includes organisms of the Wollinella and Campylobacter genus, Non‐motile organisms comprised less than 1–2% of the sample from healthy and diseased sites. Motile forms, such as spirochetes, had a high frequency of detection in healthy individuals. Analysis of pooled plaque samples revealed that the prevalence of cocci and fusiforms was significantly elevated in patients with healthy periodontium, as compared to patients with adult periodontitis. In adult periodontitis patients, the frequency of occurrence of medium spirochetes, filaments and small non‐motile rods was significantly elevated in pooled plaque. Analysis of individual sites indicated that the proportion and numerical density of most morphotypes within the non‐adherent plaque were not significantly different in disease as compared to health. Disease is characterized by an increased % of small spirochetes and fusiforms at each site. At diseased sites which harbor small spirochetes, the numerical density is elevated four‐fold, as compared to healthy sites which have small spirochetes. The numerical density of other morphotypes is not significantly different comparing healthy sites to diseased sites. Thus, the increase in the % of small spirochetes in disease in due to a site‐localized four‐fold increase in numerical density within t

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn index (PMGI) that combines the Massler‐Schour (PMA) and Löe‐Silness (GI) indices for non‐invasive scoring of gingivitis was applied in 2 independent comparative clinical studies. 4 statistical transformations of the scores of individual papillary and marginal units were analyzed: the whole‐mouth mean, its square root, the proportion of units judged to be inflamed, and its arc sin transformation. According to the criteria of how closely the transformations produced approximately normal distributions, and of how successful they were in detecting treatment differences, the square root transformation performed

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01400.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate a clinical procedure for determining the proficiency of gingivitis examiners. After 4 examiner trainees were instructed by and participated in practice examination sessions with a senior examiner, the 5 examiners participated in a 2‐group clinical study which employed appropriately timed‐staggered dental prophylaxes to create a gingivitis treatment effect between the 2 groups. The 1st group received dental prophylaxes 30 days before the 2nd group. 10 days after the 2nd group had received dental prophylaxes, both groups were examined independently by all 5 examiners. Baseline examinations had been made on all subjects by all 5 examiners independently to serve as a covariable in the statistical analyses. During this clinical exercise, the examiners did not know at what time prophylaxes had been given nor did they have access to the previous examination records. The expected presence of a treatment effect, as confirmed by the senior examiner, was found by all of the examiner trainees in this exercise. The treatment effect for all examiners was statistically signific

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01401.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExperimental gingivitis studies support a pathogenic rôle forActinomyces viscosusbecause of its numerical predominance in disease‐associated plaques. The aims of the present investigation were to quantify specific crevicular IgG againstA. viscosusbefore and after conventional gingivitis treatment and to determine whether salivary IgA and IgG againstA. viscosusandA. noeslundiiwould be affected concomitantly. 6 subjects with generalized gingivitis were selected. Examinations were made before and after treatment and included collection of unstimulated saliva, paraffin‐stimulated saliva and crevicular material as well as measurements of clinical parameters. The immunoglobulins were estimated by an ELISA assay using whole bacterial cells as antigen. Crevicular IgG againstA. viscosusWVU 627 was demonstrated in pre‐ and post‐treatment samples with a tendency towards increased values in the post‐treatment samples. Salivary IgA and IgG againstA. viscosuswere also demonstrated in pre‐ and post‐treatment samples. There were tendencies towards increased IgA values for paraffin‐stimulated saliva and increased IgG values for unstimulated saliva in the post‐treatment samples. Salivary IgA and IgG values againstA. naeslundiiATCC 12104 were either not detected or barely detectable in both pre‐ and post‐treatment samples.A. naeslundiiB 74 IgG values were also rather low. As forA. viscosusWVU 627. anti‐B 74 IgA values demonstrated a post‐treatment increase for most subjects, especially for unstimulated saliva for which all post‐treatment values were elevated. It is interesting to note that saliva samples showed changes similar to crevicular material, considering that salivary IgA is most likely derived from a different source. Together, elevated crevicular and salivary antibody concentrations might account for some of the beneficial effects of pe

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01402.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present investigation was performed in order to analyze the effect of age on healing of the periodontal tissues following treatment. The patients included in the present analysis consisted of 2 different samples. One group of 62 patients (sample A) was examined and treated between 1980 and 1982. 13 of these subjects were49 years old. The patients were subjected to periodontal surgery using the modified Widman flap procedure. During the active phase of treatment and for the subsequent 6 months of healing, all 62 patients were subjected to professional tooth cleaning. Instruction in proper oral hygiene measures was repeated and scaling was carried out when indicated. Sample B consisted of 21 subjects treated for advanced periodontal disease in 1969. Six of these patients were between 26 and 29 years of age at the start of treatment and 15 were at least 60 years old. The criterion for acceptance for the study in 1969 was that the patient should have lost 50% or more of his/her periodontal tissues. Following an initial examination, all patients were subjected to scaling and root planing and surgical elimination of pathologically deepened pockets. After the termination of active treatment, the patients were placed in a maintenance care program which included recall appointments every 3–6 months. Once a year after the completion of active treatment, all patients in this sample were examined regarding probing depths and clinical attachment levels.The findings from the present retrospective analyses failed to demonstrate that the age of patients with moderately advanced or advanced forms of periodontal tissue breakdown had an influence on the results of periodontal therapy. If anything, the younger patients appeared to heal with a higher frequency of shallow pockets and more gain of probing attachment than older patie

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01403.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effectiveness of Super Floss® and waxed dental floss as proximal surface cleansing agents was compared in 34 subjects. Each subject used I agent twice daily for 2 weeks followed by the other agent used with the same frequency and for the same period. The order in which the agents were used was selected at random. Plaque was stained by erythrosin, and a plaque index of Wolffe used. Super Floss® was found to be superior to waxed dental floss in removing proximal plaque, but neither was 100% effective. Some plaque was present in 49.9% of the proximal surfaces when Super Floss® had been used and on 54.7% when the waxed dental floss had been used. Both agents cleaned distal surfaces better than mesial surfaces, proximal surfaces of anterior teeth more effectively than those of posterior teeth, the coronal half of the proximal surfaces better than the apical half and the facial half more efficiently than the lingua] half. No differences were found between maxillary teeth and mandibular teeth. Subjects used more lengths of Super Floss® than of waxed dental floss, indicating its relative ‘brittleness’. However, the majority of subjects preferred Super Floss®, mainly because it was thicker and felt more

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01404.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1985.tb01405.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY