摘要:

AbstractA series of studies has investigated interactions between periodontal trauma and marginal periodontitis in relation to the initiation, progression and treatment of periodontal disease. Lesions of trauma in the periodontal ligament consequent to either single or jiggling displacing forces result in morphologic alterations in the ligament and alveolar bone. These changes donotinitiate the loss of connective tissue attachment characteristic of marginal periodontitis. Studies conducted in squirrel monkeys and beagle dogs in which jiggling forces have been produced subjacent to an established marginal periodontitis reported increased loss of alveolar bone, but the accelerated loss of attachment which occurred in the dog model did not occur in the monkey model. To clarify the relative importance of inflammation and tooth mobility in the treatment of advanced periodontal disease, periodontal response was evaluated after removing traumatic and/or inflammatory components. Elimination of trauma in the presence of existing marginal inflammation did not reduce tooth mobility or increase bone volume. Osseous regeneration and decreased tooth mobility occurred after resolving both components, however, similar findings occurred after resolving inflammation in the presence of continued tooth mobility. Resolution of marginal inflammation is of prime importance in the management of periodontal disease. After resolution of inflammation, bone regeneration may occur around mobile teeth and, furthermore, any residual tooth mobility does not result in increased loss of connective tissue attachment.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of oral hygiene on early plaque formation has been studied. The amount and structure of dental deposits formed on plastic films were determined at two occasions with or without a preceding period of effective oral hygiene. Six human subjects developed plaque during 4 hours on plastic films applied to the buccal surfaces of premolars and cuspids. The plastic films with adhering deposits were processed for electron microscopy. In presence of healthy gingiva, the plastic films were covered by a surface coating of acellular material in or on which bacteria, epithelial cells and leukocytes were observed. The microorganisms were almost exclusively Gram‐positive cocci. When plaque formation was preceded by a week of excluded oral hygiene, the deposits collected on the same teeth exhibited a threefold increase in the number of bacteria. The relative composition of the flora was altered, as evidenced by a higher number of Gram‐negative cells as well as the occurrence of rods and filamentous organisms. The results indicate that neglect of oral hygiene favors an earlier establishment of a complex bacterial flora at the dento‐gingival region of the buccal surfaces of premolars and cu

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe normal oral flora of weanling Osborne‐Mendel rats was suppressed with penicillin, then bone resorption was induced in the test group by inoculation withActinomyces viscosusNy 1. In the control group the oral flora was suppressed with erythromycin. A programmable feeding machine forced the rats into extremely varied eating frequencies.Rats which ate less frequently than normal exhibited significantly less bone loss. Frequent eating was correlated with elevated plaque accumulation.AVIS‐inoculated animals exhibited significantly (P<0.001) more plaque than antibiotic‐treated rats. Both inoculated as well as non‐inoculated animals exhibited significantly more plaque (P<0.001) when fed 28 times per day, in comparison to all other feeding schedules.AVIS‐inoculated animals exhibited significantly (P<0.001) more bone loss than the antibiotic‐treated rats. Inoculated animals which were fed only seven times per day exhibited significantly (P<0.05) less bone loss than similarly inoculated animals fed more frequently. Bone loss in the antibiotic‐treated animals was independent of feeding frequency. Among the other feeding frequencies (14 and 28 x/day, and ad libitum), there were no significant differences either in AVIS‐inoculated or in antibiotic

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to evaluate the effect of increasing the width of inadequate attached gingiva on the health of the marginal gingiva, 12 free gingival grafts were performed on 12 patients with less than 1.0 mm of attached gingiva on homologous contralateral pairs of mandibular teeth.A baseline examination, which included measurements of plaque, gingival exudate, sulcus bleeding, sulcus probing depth and width of attached gingiva, was done before surgery. One week after surgery, plaque was eliminated mechanically on the test and control sides. All measurements were repeated 7 and 14 weeks after surgery. During the week following the first postsurgical examination, individual oral hygiene instruction was given until the patient could show plaque‐free test and control sites.The width of the attached gingiva increased significantly on the side where the grafting was performed (test side). The only other significant changes observed during the experiment were a decrease of the mid‐buccal plaque index on the test side during the first 7 weeks following surgery and a decrease of the buccoproximal plaque index on the test and control sides during the total experimental period (14 weeks). None of the other clinical parameters measured showed significant differences when test and control sites were compared or when the same sites were compared longitudina

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02011.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present investigation was to examine if a new connective tissue attachment can be established on a previously periodontitis involved root surface, located in contact with gingival connective tissue during healing. A total of 28 teeth in one dog (beagle) and two monkeys (Macaca cynomolgus) were subjected to experimental periodontal tissue breakdown by placing cotton floss ligatures or orthodontic elastics around the teeth. The ligatures were left in situ until about 50% of the supporting tissues had been lost. Following resection of the crowns, the teeth were root filled and the exposed parts of the roots thoroughly scaled and planed. Each root was extracted and implanted into grooves prepared in edentulous areas of the jaws in such a way that the root was embedded to half its circumference in bone, leaving the remaining part to be covered by the gingival connective tissue of the repositioned flap of the recipient site. Root implantation and sacrifice of the animals were scheduled to allow for observation periods of 2 and 3 months of healing. An analysis of histologic specimens, obtained from biopsies of the recipient site tissues, disclosed that a new fibrous attachment failed to form on a previously “exposed” root surface located in contact with gingival connective tissue. In areas of the roots where the periodontal ligament tissue was preserved prior to transplantation, a fibrousreattachmentoccurred between the root and the adjacent gingival tissue. The results indicate that gingival connective tissue does not possess the ability to establish conditions which enable the formation of anew connective tissue attachm

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02012.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA double‐blind study evaluated the effects of systemic and topical folate on gingival inflammation during the fourth and eighth months of pregnancy. Thirty women were randomly divided into three groups. Group A received placebo mouthwash and tablets; Group B: placebo mouthwash and 5 mg folate tablets; Group C: folate mouthwash and placebo tablets. Supplementation lasted for 14 days during months 4 and 8. Subjects took one tablet daily and rinsed twice daily for 1 min with the mouthwash. At the start and finish of each 14‐day period, fasting serum and red cell folate levels were estimated and oral status assessed by a plaque index (PII), a gingival index (GI), and gingival exudate flow meter (GEF). Subjects completed 1‐week diet sheets which were analysed for dietary folate. All groups were similar in each parameter at the start. Correlation was demonstrated between GI and P1I, and between GI and GEF. GI tended to increase throughout pregnancy in all groups except Group C, when in the eighth month there was a highly significant improvement (0.001

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02013.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeven patients were selected on the basis of having about 50% loss of alveolar bone support in some part of the mouth. All patients received initial treatment consisting of plaque control and removal of subgingival deposits. In these patients, 102 interproximal pockets were measured by three different examiners, both with the pressure probe and a Merritt – B probe (Hu – Friedy®). No specific instructions were given as to how the interproximal regions should be probed. Results indicate that a standardized probing force of 0.75 N does not lead to more reproducible pocket depth measurem

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02014.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree groups of seven patients were selected on the basis of about 50 % loss of alveolar bone support in some part of the mouth. All patients received initial treatment consisting of plaque control and removal of subgingival deposits. In the first group of patients 95 interproximal pockets were measured three times by one examiner using the pressure probe employing a constant probing force of 0.75 N. Bleeding or lack of bleeding from a pocket was sought for up to 30 seconds after probing. Results show that a time interval of 15 minutes between reexamination procedures is enough to prevent an increased bleeding index caused by repeated probing. In the second group of patients, 98 interproximal pockets were measured three times with a Merritt‐B probe (Hu‐Friedy®), each time by a different examiner. In the third group of patients, 102 interproximal pockets were measured three times with a pressure probe, each time by a different examiner. The same three examiners were involved. In both groups presence or absence of bleeding from a pocket was recorded. Results show a proportion of inter‐examiner agreement among three examiners of 0.40 with the Merritt‐B probe and 0.71 with the pressure probe. It is concluded that a constant probing force of 0.75 N does contribute to more reproducible bleeding tendency meas

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02015.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02016.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY