摘要:

Abstract.The effects ofPorphyromonas gingivalisculture supernatant from strain W50, its avirulent variant (W50/BE1) and sterile BM culture medium on the morphological changes in polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) from 10 patients with periodontitis (3 juvenile periodontitis, 7 rapidly progressive periodontitis) were compared with those from 10 healthy controls. Large non‐polar cells (>160 μm2) were increased in patients to 182.8% (p=0.0076) and 245.5% (p=0.0002) of control values with W50 and W50/BE1 supernatant respectively. In contrast, numbers of small non‐polar cells (<80 μm2) and polarised cells were decreased in the patient group. Patient/control ratios for small non‐polar cells were 30.3% (p=0.0007) and 33.6% (p=0.0005) with W50 and W50/BE1, respectively, and 38.2% (p=0.0147) for polarised cells exposed to W50 supernatant. The data indicate that PMN from patients with periodontitis differ significantly from those of healthy controls in the shape changes which occur after exposure toP. gingivalisculture supe

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00809.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In this study, we developed a quantitative method with digital image analysis to evaluate the degree of gingival overgrowth (GO), and compared GO in kidney transplant patients treated with cyclosporin A (CsA) (n=21) or CsA+ nifedipine (n= 8) and a group of healthy controls (n= 30). The method was reproducible and reliable. Our findings showed significant differences in papillary and gingival surface between controls and transplant patients treated with GO inducers. Gingival overgrowth index also differed significantly between controls and each patient group (p<0.01, Kruskal‐Wallis test). The administration of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine potentiated the adverse effect of CsA: comparison of the morphometric findings revealed significant differences between patients treated with CsA alone and CsA+ nifedipine in papillary area, dental area, and GO index (p<0.01, Mann‐WhitneyU‐test). We conclude that the method of image analysis we developed is useful in assessing the degree

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00810.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Periapical pathology indicating endodontic infection, when present in periodontitis‐affected teeth, has recently been shown to be correlated to marginal periodontal breakdown. This has been associated with patency of dentinal tubules in the tooth cervix, an area normally devoid of cementum following periodontal therapy. These studies are, however hampered by that only circumstantial evidence such as presence of periapical destruction have been applied as criteria of endodontic infection. The aim of the present investigation was to assess the effects of endodontic pathogens on marginal periodontal wound healing on root surfaces devoid of cementum but surrounded by healthy periodontal membrane. Significant differences between infected and non‐infected teeth were found with respect to pathological pocket and connective tissue: The experimental defects were covered by approximately 20% more pocket epithelium in infected teeth while defects in non‐Infected teeth showed approximately 10% more connective tissue coverage. It was concluded, that an intra‐canal infection of endodontic pathogens stimulates epitelial downgrowth along denuded dentin surfaces with marginal communication. Extrapolated to the clinical situation, endodontic infections in periodontitis‐prone patients may augment periodontitis pr

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00811.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Short‐term success of the use of self‐assessment for motivating adults to improve their oral health status has been reported. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the long‐term effectiveness of two self‐assessment strategies, one focused on gingival bleeding (group I) and another focused on plaque (group II). At baseline, 493 14‐ and 15‐year‐olds were assigned randomly to a group. Each subject was given a manual describing one of the self‐assessment, processes. Dental hygienists provided standardized classroom based instruction and two weeks later, individualized counselling. Examinations were conducted at baseline 6, 12, 18 and 24 months for gingival bleeding on probing, plaque, calculus, and probing depth; and at baseline and 24 months for recession and decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS). Following the 12‐momh examination, subjects received an oral prophylaxis and individual counselling. The results revealed no statistically significant differences between groups for any clinical parameter at the final examination. However, the mean number of sites with gingival bleeding decreased steadily from baseline to 24 months with a 59% decrease and 55% decrease for groups I and II, respectively. This study suggests that self‐assessment approaches can be effective in improving the long‐term periodontal healt

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00812.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A 9‐year‐old girl was initially treated for the periodontal component of Papillon‐Lefèvre syndrome by extraction of all the patient's erupted teeth, after unsuccessful clinical treatment with two different antibiotics. Follow‐up dental records at age 24 showed the patient to have generalized gingivitis and poor oral hygiene; however, no additional teeth were lost or mobile. Radiographically, the alveolar crests, lamina dura, and periodontal ligament spaces appeared normal for a subject with missing teeth. Initially, the patient had depressed polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemotaxis and adherence, as well as evidence of periodontal infection withActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, (A.a.).The 6 and 15‐year follow‐ups showed normal PMN function and no detectableA.a.The improvement of the patient's PMN function was coincident with lack of detection of certain periodontopathic bacteria. If the PMN dysfunction of PLS is secondary to the infection, the reasons for the initiation of the disease still need to

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00813.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The mere incorporation of an active ingredient in an oral hygiene product does not necessarily guarantee efficacy. As new formulations appear, it would seem prudent to at least screen for activity by comparison with an established product. The aim of this study was to compare a new 0.12% chlorhexidine containing rinse with a well researched 0.2% chlorhexidine rinse product. The rinses were firstly compared in vitro for dietary staining effects and in vivo for plaque inhibition. Both formulations in vitro produced progressive staining of acrylic specimens with increasing passages through a standard tea solution. The clinical investigation was a 3‐treatment, randomised, double blind, crossover, 4‐day plaque regrowth study, balanced for 1st and 2nd order residual effects and involving 24 volunteers. From a zero plaque baseline, volunteers suspended oral hygiene and rinsed 2×per day with the allocated rinse. The chlorhexidine doses were 18 mg and 20 mg per rinse for the 0.12% and 0.2% formulations, respectively. Plaque was scored by area and index on day 5. The results showed that the 2 chlorhexidine rinses were similar in efficacy by comparison with the control rinse. These studies in vitro and in vivo indicate that the chlorhexidine in the new preparation is available and active and the product could find use in those preventive applications suggested for other chlorhexidine formulat

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00814.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The purpose of the present investigation was to assess the effects of periodontal surgery and 4 systemically administered agents, Augmentin, tetracycline, ibuprofen or a placebo on clinical and microbiological parameters of periodontal disease, 98 subjects were monitored at 2‐month intervals at 6 sites per tooth for clinical parameters. Subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesial surface of each tooth at each visit and evaluated for their content of 14 subgingival species using DNA probes and a colony lift method. 40 subjects who exhibited loss of attachment>2.5 mm at 1 or more sites during longitudinal monitoring were treated using modified Widman flap surgery at sites with probing pocket depth>4 mm, subgingival scaling at all other sites and were randomly assigned 1 of the 4 agents. Treatment was completed within 30 days during which time the subject took the assigned agent. Overall, subjects exhibited a mean attachment level “gain” of 0.34±0.10 mm (SEM) and a mean pocket depth reduction of 0.62±0.09 mm 10±4 months post‐therapy. However, certain subjects in each treatment group showed a poor response. Subjects receiving antibiotics exhibited significantly more attachment level “gain” (0.57±0.15 mm, SEM) than subjects receiving either ibuprofen or a placebo (0.02±0.10). The differences between Augmentin and tetracycline groups were not significant, nor were the differences between ibuprofen and placebo, 10 months post‐therapy, there was a reduction in the number of sites colonized in any subject group by detectable levels (103) ofP. gingivalis.Species showing similar reductions wereB. foraythus, P. intermediaandP. micros.Subjects receiving systemically administered antibiotics had a significant increase in the proportion of sites colonized byC. ochraceacoupled with a greater decrease in the number of sites colonized byP. gingivalis. B. forsythus, P. intermediaandP. microspost‐therapy than subjects not receiving antibiotics. The results of this investigation indicate that adjunctive systemic antibiotics increase periodontal attachment “gain” and decrease the levels of some suspected periodontal pathogens in subjects with evidence of cur

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00815.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In a study of the efficacy of modified Widman flap surgery and scaling and root planing accompanied by 1 of 4 systemic adjunctive agents, Augmentin, tetracycline, ibuprofen or placebo, it was observed that subjects differed in their response to therapy. The difference was only partially accounted for by the adjunctive agent employed. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine clinical and microbiological features in subjects who showed different levels of attachment change post‐therapy. 40 subjects were subset into 3 groups based on mean attachment level change post‐therapy. 10 poor response subjects showed mean attachment loss; 19 moderate response subjects showed mean attachment gain between 0.02‐0.5 mm and 11 good response subjects showed a mean gain of attachment>0.5 mm. Clinical parameters were measured at 6 sites per tooth both pre‐ and post‐therapy. Microbiological samples were taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth and evaluated individually for their content of 14 subgingival taxa using a colony lift method and DNA probes. % of sites colonized by each species was computed for each subject both pre‐ and post‐therapy. Significant differences were observed among treatment response groups for mean probing pocket depth, attachment level and % of sites with plaque pre‐therapy. The poor response subjects had the lowest mean probing pocket depth and attachment level, but the highest plaque levels. Post‐therapy, the poor response group exhibited the greatest degree of gingival inflammation as assessed by gingival redness and bleeding on probing. Subjects in the good response group showed decreases in the % of sites colonized for 9 of 14 test species, while subjects in the poor response group showed an increase in % of sites colonized for 12 species. The differences in change in % of sites colonized among groups were significant forB. forsythusandP. gingivalis.The majority of attachment loss in poor response subjects occurred at sites with pre‐therapy probing pocket depths 4 mm. Subjects with moderate or good treatment responses had fewer shallow or moderate sites showing attachment loss and a large proportion of sites in all probing pocket depth categories showing attachment gain. Sites that lost attachment ≥2 mm post‐therapy showed a significant increase in counts ofP. intermedia, B. forsythusandA, actinomycetemcomitansb, while sites that gained attachment showed a decrease in these species. The data indicated that subjects who showed a good treatment response exhibited a decrease in the level of gingival inflammation and a marked reduction in the % of sites colonized by suspected periodontal pathogens. In subjects showing a poor treatment response, the level of gingival inflammation was not decreased and levels of periodon

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00816.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Treatment of molar teeth with severe furcation involvement allows for differing therapies of which the tunneling procedure has been least studied. While subsequent root caries in furcal exposed teeth was believed a major shortcoming, successful periodontal therapy is primarily dependent upon the stability of the attachment and intrafurcal and interproximal bone. We evaluated in each of 18 subjects (10 female, 8 male) a molar tooth with deep grade II/III furcation involvement at time of presentation (T‐0), to 1st post‐surgical recall following a tunneling procedure (T‐1), to most immediate last recall (T‐2; mean time T‐0 to T‐2, 5.80±0.83 years). Assessments included O'Leary's plaque index (P1‐I), attachment levels (AL), root caries and radiographic bone loss. The mean P1‐I from T‐0 to T‐2 decreased 56.8% with some plaque at T‐2 detected in furcations of 7/18 teeth. AL across all time periods were not significantly difference except for palatal/lingual AL which from T‐0 to T‐2 were significantly different. Root caries was found in only 3 teeth at T‐2. Adequate radiographs were available for 8 surgically tunneled mandibular molars for analysis of 5 measurements of osseous levels i.e. the mesial and distal levels of the intrafurcal and the interproximal osseous crests, and the distal interproximal osseous crest of a mesial adjacent single‐rooted reference tooth which received osseous surgery at the same time. Mean time change values (T‐1 to last radiograph taken. T‐2a; mean time 3.0±0.7 years) showed no significant difference among the 5 points measured. These results indicate no difference in AL nor loss of furcal or proximal crestal bone in surgically tunneled mandibular molars when compared with an adjac

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00817.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The purpose of the present study was to examine the composition of the oral microbiota in subjects who had previously demonstrated to develop either a weak or strong response to experimental gingivitis. For this study, subjects were selected from a pool of 25 individuals who had participated twice in an experimental gingivitis trial. Out of these 25 panellists, 6 subjects were selected who had developed 2× a weak gingival inflammatory response and 7 subjects who had developed 2× a strong gingival inflammatory response. Approximately 9 months after the 2nd experimental gingivitis trial, we evaluated the clinical condition and the prevalence of a panel of selected oral micro‐organisms in these subjects. The subjects were clinically examined for the presence of plaque, bleeding, pocket depth and loss of attachment. For the microbiological evaluation, samples were taken from the mucous membranes, subgingival sites and saliva. Samples were analyzed for the presence ofActiilobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Peptostreptococcus micros. Actinomycesspp.,Fusohacterium mucleatum, Campylobacter rectus, spirochaetes and motile rods. Clinical evaluation showed that most subjects had a relatively healthy periodontal condition. No clinically significant differences could be detected between the weak and strong responding groups. The microbial evaluation showed absence ofA. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalisandP. microsin all subjects in either group. Analysis of the microbial data for the weak and strong responding group showed no differences between the groups. This indicates that differences in response to experimental gingivitis are probably not caused by major differences in the compositon of the oral microbiota. The strong or weak inflammatory response may be related to differences in the microflora at the time of the experiments and/or differences in host respo

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00818.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY