摘要:

AbstractThis study attempts to put at ease some uncertainty of a possible damaging effect of ultrasonic scaling and air polishing procedures on dental restorations (amalgam and composite resin). Under optimal in vitro conditions, the margins of 120 restorations were subject to thorough ultrasonic and air polishing instrumentation in order to mimic those extensively used in periodontal treatments. Light‐cure composite resin and Dispersalloy amalgam alloy were used to restore class V cavities at the CEJ. After being exposed to ultrasonic scaling and air polishing, cleaning, and thermocycling, clinical evaluation of the cavity margins and microleakage examination showed no detrimental effects of these procedure

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01629.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCurrent methods of measuring periodontal probing depths at specified sites by clinical means are subject to wide variation both within and between examiners. This paper reports an investigation into the influence of a constant‐force periodontal probe on intra‐and inter‐examiner variability when measuring probing depths. 30 sites in 10 patients with untreated chronic adult type periodontitis were examined by 2 operators, firstly using a standard periodontal pocket probe then with a constant force probe. Neither examiner was aware of the others readings and were thus blind in relation to one another. Comparison of the recordings of the 2 operators using the standard probes showed significant differences between the operators (p<0.01) but this difference became insignificant when the constant force probe was used. One operator had a significant variation between his standard and constant force measurements (p<0.01), but the other did not. Overall there was a maximum variation of ± 1 mm in 79.9% of recordings using the standard probe and this agreement was increased to 100% with the use of the constant pressure

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01630.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and localization of interproximal periodontal intrabony defects (IPIDs) in the total adult population of a Swedish county. On each interproximal tooth surface (third molars excluded) in 733 randomly selected dentate individuals aged 20 years and over, one examiner recorded from x 5‐magnified periapical radiographs, the presence or absence of IPID with a width and depth of at least 5 and 10 mm, respectively, representing 1 and 2 mm unmagnified. Intra‐examiner reproducibility determined from double recordings was substantial (k = 0.66). Recordings of IPID were compared with those performed by 24 specialist periodontists using their own diagnostic criteria. IPIDs were recorded in 32% of the 733 examined individuals; the number of defects per individual ranged from 1 to 15. The prevalence of IPID increased with increasing age and IPID occurred more frequently in men than in women. IPID was observed more frequently on mesial than on distal tooth surfaces, whereas there was no difference between maxillary and mandibular tooth surfaces. Symmetrical localizations of IPID in relation to the sagittal plane were obser

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01631.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to compare stereologically the histo‐pathologic variations following 3 weeks of chemical (chlorhexidine) or mechanical plaque control. 18 students and denial hygienists volunteered for this investigation. After prophylaxis, they performed optimal oral hygiene to reach mean plaque and gingival indices approaching. 0.Six of them then performed mechanical plaque control of 3 weeks (control), while the other 12 rinsed 3 times daily with a 0.12% chloridixidine solution (test). At days 0 and 21. the plaque index (PH), the gingival index (Gl) and the gingival exudate flow rate (GEFR) were assessed and biopsies were obtained from buccal sites. Point‐counting procedures were performed at 2 different levels of magnification on light microscopic sections to estimate the volume fractions of epithelium, infiltrated and non‐infiltrated connective tissue, and collagen. The relative numbers of fibroblasts, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages and mast cells were estimated by counting the number of nuclear profiles of these cells in a specific connective tissue area adjacent to the apical termination of the junctional epithelium. After 21 days, the PIIs of the test subjects were significantly higher than the PIIs of the controls, but their GI were similar. At the end of the experimental period, the various volume fractions and %s of cell profiles remained stable with the exception of an increase in the %s of lymphocytes in the test group. This study has shown that, clinically as well as histologically, the daily use of chlorhexidine for a 3‐week period is equally effecient as optimal mechanical tooth cleaning in maintaining a healthy gingiva in the buccal sites inves

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01632.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClinical trials for anti‐gingivitis and anti‐plaque agents commonly use the mean of Silness and Löe plaque indices and Löe and Silness gingival indices as response variables. The aim of this report is to determine if data from anti‐plaque and anti‐gingivitis clinical trials using Silness and Löe plaque indices and Löe and Silness gingival indices satisfy conditions necessary for the use of the univariate or multivariate approach to repeated measures. These conditions are multivariate normality, homogeneity of variance‐covariance matrices, and for the univariate approach, a type‐H variance‐covariance matrix. Data from 5 separate clinical trials representing a wide range in sample size, pretreatment mean gingival and plaque indices and treatment effects were used to test these conditions. Either the univariate or multivariate approach to repeated measures was found to be appropriate for both responses of the 5 clinical trials. Thus, means of Silness&Löe and Löe and Silness gingival indices meet the necessary conditions for use of either the univariate and/or multivariate approach to repeated measures. However, significant time‐treatment interactions are a common occurrence in these types of clinical trials and must be evaluated carefully. The analyses in this study were carried out using SAS. Other mainframe statistical software packages and many micro‐computer statistical software packages have routines to analyze repeated measures experiments with analysis of variance methods. However, some of the packages may omit the multivariate approach to repeated measures or may not include interactions between within‐subject and between‐subject effects. These packages

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01633.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExamining the relationships among indicators of the acute inflammatory response in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and specific bacterial species in subgingival plaque may provide indications of which bacterial species or groups of species may be associated with potentially destructive host‐derived processes. Here we report on the relationship of the subgingival plaque flora to the activity of mammalian forms of the enzymes β‐glucuronidase (βG). lactate dehydrogen‐ase (LDH), and arylsulfatase (AS) in GCF from a total of 54 4‐6 mm periodontal sites from 13 periodontitis patients. Sites were scored for probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing, and GCF was collected using filter paper strips inserted into the sulcus for 30 s, eluted in buffer and assayed for enzyme activity. 1 week later, the patients were again evaluated for PD and bleeding, and subgingival plaque was removed with a curette oriented toward the pocket epithelium. Plaque samples were examined by darkfield microscopy and cultured anaerobically on selective and non‐selective media. Various groups of bacteria, including species of black pigmentingBacteroides(BPB),Fusobacterium sp., Capnocytophaga sp, Streptococcus sanguis, and total facultative organisms were enumerated. Relationships among the enzymes and bacterial groups expressed as colony‐forming unit (CPU) counts or as a % of the total cultivable flora were assessed by Spearman correlation analysis. βG levels were significantly correlated with populations of spirochetes,B. inrermedius, B. gingivaiis, and total lactose negative BPB's, Correlation between βG andE nucleatum sp.orCapnocytophaga sp.approached but did not reach statistically significant levels. In contrast, LDH activity showed a significantal positive correlation with levels ofB. gingivaiisand total lactose negative BPBs. AS levels were significantly correlated only withB. gingivaiis. fidand LDH showed a significant negative correlation with levels of coccoid forms. Thus, βG, an acid hydrolase which can serve as a marker for primary granule release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes, was most closely correlated with the micro‐organisms found in other studies to be associated with chronic a

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01634.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present investigation was designed to evaluate the regenerative potential of the periodontal tissues in degree TIT furcation defects at mandibular molars using a treatment procedure based on the principle of guided tissue regeneration. The patient sample included 21 patients, 26–65 years of age, who presented periodontal lesions in the right and left molar regions including “through and through” furcation defects. After an initial examination, each patient was subjected to a series of full‐mouth scaling and root planing. 2–3 months later, they were recalled for abaseline examination.The furcation‐involved molars were randomly assigned in each patient to either a test or a control treatment procedure. The test procedure included the elevation of muco‐periosteal flaps at the buccal and lingual aspects of the molars. Granulation tissue was removed and the exposed root surfaces were debrided and planed. The width and the height of the entrance openings to the furcation defects were assessed. A teflon membrane was adjusted to cover the entrances to the defects (buccal and lingual) and was retained in the manner described by Pontoriero et al. (1988). The flaps were repositioned on the outer surface of the membrane and secured by sutures which were removed after 10 days. Following surgery, the patients were instructed to rinse the mouth twice daily for 4 weeks with chlorhexidine gluconate. The membranes were removed after a healing period of 1–2 months. A surgical procedure identical to the test procedure was performed in the control tooth regions with the exception of the placement of membranes. During a 6‐month period after surgery, the patients were maintained in a plaque control program including professional tooth cleaning every second week. At the end of this period, all patients were re‐examined. The results of this re‐examination demonstrated that out of 21 “through and through” furcation defects treated with the GTR therapy, 8 healed with complete closure of the defect. An additional 10 defects had become partially healed and only 3 defects were after a healing period of 6 months still open. In the control group, none of the previous “through and through” defects had healed with complete closure. 10 control defects were partially filled and 11 remained open. The potential for regeneration of periodontal tissues in furcation defects of va

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01635.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAmine fluoride ‐ stannous fluoride mouthrinse was tested in a double‐blind cross‐over clinical trial on 16 healthy subjects. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse prepared in the same colour and taste was used as the control. After a preparatory phase of 2 weeks, during which the subjects' plaque and gingival indices were reduced to zero by professional cleaning, 1‐week test periods without mechanical cleaning were started in random order. The fluoride test solution did not prevent plaque accumulation and growth of salivaryS. mutansandlaciobacillias did chlorhexidine. Furthermore, the plaque wet weight was statistically highly significantly greater during test periods of fluoride rinsing than during the chlorhexidine phase. The cleansing effect, as subjectively estimated by questionnaire, was in favour of chlorhexidine. but discolorations of teeth were assessed as significantly worse during chlorhexidine periods. Neither of the test solutions showed any effect on salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity, or lysozymal enzyme a

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01636.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe plasma cell population in gingival biopsies from 3 groups of patients with adult, juvenile, and rapidly progressive periodontitis was characterized with respect to the distribution of individual immunoglobulin isotypes. including IgA subclasses, by paired immunofluorescence staining. The median ratios of TgG:IgA plasma cells in gingival connective tissue from the 3 groups were 2.7 (range 2.0‐6.5), 3.0 (1.4‐6.2), and 2.0 (1.2‐4.0), respectively. Cells staining for intracellular IgM were found in low numbers in all biopsies (range 0.3–6.3% of all plasma cells). No statistically significant differences were observed between the 3 patient groups. In all 3 groups, the IgA plasma cell population was predominantly of the IgAI isotype. One function of IgA seems to be to dampen inflammatory side‐effects of other immune effector systems. The demonstrated predominance of IgAI plasma cells indicates that the majority of IgA produced locally in gingivae of patients with periodontal diseases is susceptible to the IgAI‐specific proteases excreted by important members of the disease‐associated subgingival microflora. This may be an important factor in the apparently uncontrolled inflammation and tissue degradation taking place in the marginal periodontium during active period

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01637.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFactors contributing to the succession of opportunistic pathogens at oral sites, including the periodontium, during myelosuppressive chemotherapy are poorly understood. This study examined the relation of periodontal disease to qualitative and proportional shifts in the oral microflora of 21 acute nonlym‐phocytic leukemia patients (7 male and 14 female, mean age (range) = 51.0 (25‐81 years) observed during standardized myelosuppressive regimens. Supra‐and subgingival microbial plaque specimens were individually collected from 2 contralateral oral sites (disiobuceal of leeth 1‐6 and 3‐6) in each participant at hospital admission (day 1) and during point of maximal myelosuppression (day 14). Periodontal disease indices obtained at day I included site‐specific measures of attachment loss and clinical assessment of disease status. Using a residualized change score analysis, periodonlal disease status and attachment loss were positively correlated with increases in the proportional recovery ofStaphylococcussp. from supragingival sites and total yeast from supra‐ and subgingival sites. When age‐related covariation in the microbial shifts was controlled in the analysis, periodontal disease status and attachment loss demonstrated no significant correlation with increases in total yeast at supragingival sites. These findings suggest that host factors such as periodontal disease may contribute to patterns of oral microbial successions during canc

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01638.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY