摘要:

Abstract196 BrånemarkTMimplants in 86 consecutive patients rehabilitated by means of overdentures (6 upper jaws, 80 lower jaws) were observed longitudinally. In each jaw, only 2 implants were used to anchor the overdenture. 2 implants in the lower jaw showed some mobility at the abutment installation and were removed immediately. During the loading period (mean loading time 19.1 months ranging from 4 to 48 months), none of the implants showed any signs of non‐integration. The marginal tissue reaction and plaque accumulation were monitored using conventional indices. Clinical methods and standardized radiographs were used to evaluate the bone level and density. The numbers of approximal surfaces without plaque (40%) or with gingival inflammation (55%) were almost constant throughout the study. The probing pocket depths remained within the range of 2.7 to 3.2 mm during the observation time, whereas the distance of the gingival margin from the top of the abutment clearly increased (from 1.8 to 2.9 mm). For loaded lower jaw implants connected to each other with a straight bar, a radiographic bone loss of 0.8 mm was observed during the first postsurgical year followed by a mean annual bone loss of less than 0.1 mm. For the “sleeping” fixtures, 50% less bone loss was recorded. For loaded but not interconnected implants in the upper jaw, the bone loss during the first 6 months reached 2.0 mm. The loss in marginal bone height did not clearly correlate with parameters such as the plaque index, the gingivitis index, the presence or absence of gingiva around the abutment, or the implant length. The present data, with an observation time up to 4 years, showed that the failure rate for BrånemarkTMimplants supporting overdentures in the lower jaw can be limited to 1%. However, the use of 2 unconnected fixtures in the upper jaw cannot presently be advocated since considerable bone loss was o

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00063.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract20 adult periodontitis (AP) subjects were examined every 2 to 4 months and microbiological samples were collected and cultured when 2 mm or more loss of attachment (active sites) was detected by 2 examiners. Similar sites in which no progressive destruction was observed (control sites) also were sampled in the same subjects. By A‐analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in floras of active (42 sites from 12 subjects) and control (36 sites from 12 subjects) sites or between the floras of the active and control sites and of 63 samples from 22 AP subjects that were examined previously in a cross‐sectional study. By paired t test, no microbial species had a significantly greater association with active than with control sites. The only species that were detected in one or more samples from all subjects with active sites wereWolinetta recta, Fusobacterium nucleatum, andPeptostreptococcus micros. Prophyromonas gingivalisand 9 other taxa were isolated from one‐half or more of the persons with active sites. The composition of microbiological floras of all periodontitis samples was statistically significantly different from that of subjects with healthy gingiva. The composition of microfloras of sites in subjects with naturally‐occurring gingivitis was intermediate between that of subjects with healthy gingiva and that of active and control sites in AP s

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00064.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study was designed to compare the prevalence of marginal bone loss in 2 cohorts of 16‐year‐old adolescents, born in 1959 and 1972, respectively. Bitewing radiographs from 400 adolescents in each group were evaluated and the presence of bone loss (distance between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar crest>2 mm), calculus, restorations and proximal dental caries were recorded. The prevalence of bone loss was 3.5% in 1975 as well as in 1988. Bone loss was found most frequently at the mesial and distal surfaces of the first maxillary molar. The prevalence of calculus was 12% in 1975 and 7% in 1988. The mean DPS for proximal surfaces was 3.1 in 1975 and 0.8 in 1988. No statistically verified dependence was found between bone loss and calculus, or bone loss and proximal car

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00065.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship between the level of subgingival species at baseline and subsequent attachment loss in a subject was examined. 38 subjects (14–71 years) with prior evidence of periodontal destruction were monitored 2 × for pocket depth and attachment level at 6 sites per tooth at baseline and 2 months. A subject was considered to exhibit new attachment loss if 1 or more sites increased 3 mm or more in attachment level in 2 months. Subgingival plaque samples were taken at the baseline visit from the mesial aspect of each tooth (28 sites) using Gracey curettes. Samples were dispersed, diluted and plated on Trypticase soy agar supplemented with 5% sheep blood. After 7 days of anaerobic incubation, the colonies were lifted onto nylon filters, lysed and the DNA fixed to the filters. Digoxygenin‐labeled DNA probes were used to enumerate 14 subgingival species. 17 of 38 subjects (44.7%) exhibited new attachment loss in 2 months. The % of the total viable count of each species was averaged for each subject. The species enumerated and the mean % of the total cultivable microbiota averaged across the active and inactive subjects were as follows;B gingivalis2.3, 1.2;W. recta1.3, 0.6;B. intermediusI.2.5, 2.0;B. forsythus1.5, 1.2;A. actinomycetemcomitansserotype a 1.1, 0.8;F. nucleatumssvincentii1.1, 1.0;S. intermedius2.0, 1.9;P. micros1.5, 1.5;B. intermediusII 1.6, 1.7;A. actinomycetemcomitansserotype b 0.4, 0.6;S. sanguisI 1.8, 2.1;S. sanguisII 2.7, 3.0;V. parvula3.9, 4.2;C. ochracea0.9, 1.8. Significantly higher levels ofB. gingivalisandW. rectaand significantly lower levels ofC. ochraceawere found in active subjects prior to breakdown. Odds ratios were computed at different threshold levels for each species. Significant ratios for new disease wereB. gingivalis5.6,W. recta3.8,V. parvula0.16 andC. ochracea0.08. When subjects were subset into those with localized (<30% affected sites) and widespread disease groups,B. gingivalisandB. intermediusI were elevated in active localized disease subjects andC. ochraceain inactive subjects.P. microsandW. rectawere elevated in active widespread disease subjects. Discriminant analysis using the significantly related species was useful in predicting subjects at risk for new attachment loss overall and in both groups. Such data suggest that levels of microorganisms may be useful indicators of future attachment

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00066.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe periodontal conditions of 2424 pregnant and 1565 non‐pregnant women were assessed according to the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN). The aim of this survey was to obtain information which is necessary for the planning of preventive programs of periodontal disease for pregnant women. 95% of the pregnant women and 96% of the non‐pregnant women had some signs of periodontal disease. The % of pregnant women having 4 or 5 mm pockets was significantly higher than that of non‐pregnant women, increased with the month of pregnancy, reached a maximum of 31%) in the 8‐month group, but decreased to the control level in the 9‐month group. These changes were interpreted to suggest that the increase of pocket depth during pregnancy was caused by gingival enlargement rather than by periodontal destruction. The results show that pregnant women had a healthier periodontal condition when compared with non‐pregnant women, i.e., the number of sextants with healthy periodontal tissues was higher, the % of people having deep pockets (6 mm or deeper) was lower, and the need for prophylaxis was lower in pregnant than in non‐pregnant women. These findings suggest that a special program of periodontal disease prevention for pregnant women is

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractApplication of standard statistical procedures to site‐specific data in periodontal research is invalid unless site‐to‐site dependencies are accounted for. In this paper, we present the adjustments required for valid application of matched pair procedures, including the paired r‐test and McNemar's χ2test for correlated proportions. Examples are given involving data arising from: (1) the comparison of pre‐ and post‐treatment clinical measurements; (ii) split‐m

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00068.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study describes periodontal conditions in 22 adolescents with proximal attachment loss 2 mm (AL) and 22 matched referents without AL, all identified in a cross–sectional study of 570 16‐ and 18‐year‐olds. The cases were followed for 3 years and the referents for 1 year while they were in the care of an organized dental health system. With the exception of 1 case with Morbus Hodgkin, the case and referent groups had a similar background with respect to general health and participation in the dental health program. Bleeding on probing was found at AL sites in 12 of the cases and at corresponding sites in 4 referents. 2 cases had a history of eruption disorders at the AL sites, 1 case had experienced a defective filling and 1 had a root fissure at the AL sites. At reexaminations after 1 and 3 years, 10 out of 21 earlier identified AL cases did not meet the criterion of 1 or more sites with AL 2 mm. None of the cases showed progression 2 mm of the lesions. In 1 case, the number of AL sites increased during the period. 4 of the cases harbouredActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans(A.a.) at AL sites in year 1 and 3 in year 3. 8 of the cases and 4 referents had antibodies specific for A.a.‐leukotoxin. The 2 most severe cases, in terms of number of sites with AL, showed bleeding at 1 or more of the AL sites, harboured A.a. at these sites and had serum titers against A.a.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the present investigation was to relate clinical characteristics at a site to the frequency of detection, absolute counts and proportions of 14 subgingival species. Subgingival plaque samples were removed by curette from the mesial surface of 2299 teeth in 3 healthy and 87 subjects with periodontal attachment loss. Samples were dispersed, diluted and plated on Trypticase soy agar supplemented with 5% sheep blood. After 7 days of anaerobic incubation, colonies were lifted onto nylon filters, lysed and the DNA fixed to the filters. Digoxygenin‐labeled DNA probes were used to identify colonies of each test species. Measurements of pocket depth, attachment level, recession, redness, bleeding on probing and suppuration were made at each sampled site. Total viable counts at sites ranged from 103to>108and were strongly related to pocket depth. Mean total counts at sites7 mm averaged 2.0 × 107. Species enumerated and % of sites colonized were as follows;V. parvula44;S. sanguis11 36;B. intermediusI 33;C. ochracea31;B. intermediusII 30;S. sanguisI 29;B. gingivalis27;S. intermedius25;P. micros24;W. recta23;F. nucleatumssvincentii18;B. forsythus15;A. actinomycetemcomitansserotype a 10;A. actinomycetemcomitansserotype b 8. Counts ofB. intermediusII were higher at sites which exhibited gingival redness whileB. intermediusI was higher at sites which bled on probing.A. actinomycetemcomitansserotype b was more frequent and at higher mean % at sites without recession. The opposite was true forS. sanguisII.B. gingivaliswas somewhat more prevalent and at higher levels at suppurating sites.B. gingivalis, B. intermediusI and II andB. forsythuswere found more frequently and at higher levels at sites with deeper pockets, whileV. parvulawas less prevalent at sites with pocket depths<4 mm.B. gingivalis, B. intermediusI andA. actinomycetemcomitansserotype b increased with increasing pocket depth in both localized and widespread disease subjects, but mean counts were higher in the localized disease subjects at any pocket depth. OnlyW. rectawas found at higher levels at deep sites in widespread disease subjects when compared with similar sites in localized disease subjects. No suspected pathogens were detected in 38% of shallow sites, 31% of intermediate sites and 22% of deep sites. 2/3 of deep pockets, but less than 1/2 of shallow pockets harbored at least 2 of the suspected pathog

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00070.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAcute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) has been generally considered as a gingivitis. However, clinical impressions suggest that periodontal attachment loss is one of the sequelae of the disease. This study was designed to investigate the extent of probing attachment loss detectable following resolution of the acute phase of the disease. 13 patients (3 male, 10 female) aged on average 22.7 years were studied. The presence of interdental soft tissue cratering was used to determine whether a site was previously affected by ANUG. ANUG sites were compared with other sites using a paired Student t‐test (N= 13). Patient mean probing attachment level was greater for ANUG sites (2.2 ± 0.9) than for the mean of all other sites (0.8 ± 0.7). It is concluded that greater loss of probing attachment is associated with sites affected by ANUG than with other sites stud

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00071.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClinical assessment of the progression of periodontitis is based on the measurement of periodontal probing attachment levels over time. In calculating these changes, duplicate measurements from fixed reference points, including cemento‐enamel junctions and acrylic stents, have been used to assist in detecting progressive disease. The Florida Probe® has been previously shown to improve the reproducibility of these measurements when used with an acrylic stent. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the reproducibility of 2 models of the Florida Probe®, the original stent model and the modified disk model, in measuring attachment level. The disk probe differs from the stent probe in that it uses the occlusal surface of the tooth as a static reference point in calculating changes in attachment level measurements. In 10 subjects, sites were probed 2 × by 2 examiners using both types of probe. Standard deviations and intra‐ and inter‐examiner correlations were calculated. These results demonstrate that the new disk probe yields reproducible measurements similar to the stent probe and is therefore suitable for use in longitudinal clinical

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00072.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY