摘要:

AbstractPolymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN's) constitute a primary host resistance factor against infection. This study investigated the chemiluminescent (CL) response of peripheral blood PMN's isolated from human subjects with adult periodontitis. 32 subjects were categorized on the basis of age and periodontal disease status into 4 equal groups ‐ young healthy, young diseased, old healthy and old diseased. PMN CL was stimulated using heat‐killed, serum‐opsonizedFusobacterium nucleatum‐ a specific periodontopathic gram‐negative anaerobe, andEscherichia colias a gram‐negative control organism. The results showed a statistically significant enhancement (p0.05), suggesting that in periodontal disease in young subjects the peripheral blood PMNs may be in a metabolically activated state. There was nevertheless a degree of variability between individual subjects within each of the 4 clin

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01616.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn experimental dentifrice containing zinc citrate and Triclosan was used by student nurses for 12 months without supervision, while a corresponding group used a control dentifrice. Dental flossing was not permitted during the first 6 months. Gingival health achieved in a pre‐experimental period, during which oral hygiene instruction was given, was maintained by users of the experimental dentifrice for 12 months but not by users of the control dentifrice. About 1/3 of the control group used floss daily during the 2nd 6 months and significantly improved their gingival health to a level comparable to that of the experimental group. Flossing brought no extra benefit for the latter group. In the control group, approximal regions were less healthy than buccal or lingual sites. The gingival health of these sites improved significantly with daily flossing. The experimental dentifrice maintained gingival health in all sites irrespective of the use of floss. The study has confirmed that oral health can be maintained by the use of the experimental dentifrice for at least 12 months in a habitual tooth brushing regime, and that the dentifrice would be as effective and simpler than relying on the combination of brushing and regular flossin

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01617.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlveolar bone level measurements obtained by transgingival probing were compared with alveolar bone levels measured during surgery at 178 sites in 9 patients. Probing depth measurements using cönstant loads of 30 g and 60 g were also compared with bone levels measured at surgery at the above sites. The effects of inflammation, location of the site on the tooth surface and tooth type were also investigated. Transgingival probing was unaffected by these factors and proved to be an accurate method of measuring alveolar bone levels (r=0.975). Probing depth measurements were affected by the presence of inflammation, assessed by the bleeding response to probing, and variation in probing load. The effect of inflammation was to reduce the mean distance between the probe tip and the alveolar bone from 2.4 mm to 1.9 mm. None of the relationships between the measurements were significantly affected by the location of the site on the tooth surface, or by tooth type

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01618.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA CPC‐detergent formulation in a foam vehicle, was compared with a fluoride toothpaste for its ability to prevent plaque and gingivitis over a period of 12 days. Whilst refraining from all other oral hygiene procedures, the foam or toothpaste was applied to the teeth in fluoride application trays, in a group of 14 volunteers. At days 8 and 12 of this crossover study, the following assessments were made: gingival crevicular fluid; gingival index; bleeding on probing; plaque index; plaque area. Except for plaque area at day 8 of the study, there were no significant differences between the 2 products at either day 8 or day 12. It is therefore concluded that the CPC‐detergent formulation, in its present form, does not inhibit plaque and gingivitis more effectively than a conventional fluoride toothpa

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01619.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract4 hamartomas apparently derived from remnants of the dental lamina and enamel organ are reported in a collection of human jaw specimens. These epithelial lesions represent a transitional stage between a developmental anomaly and a distinct odontogenic neoplasm. Earlier reports indicated that such lesions with clinical symptoms are rare; however, this study suggests a more common occurrence on a microscopic level.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01620.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe integrity of formalin‐fixed periodontally diseased root surfaces was assessed following root planing to dentin and citric acid application. Extracted human teeth (fixed in 10% formalin), with crowns removed, were vertically sectioned in half. A horizontal groove on each proximal surface marked the extent of attachment loss. The diseased root surface was vigorously root planed to expose dentin. Cotton pellets, soaked in a saturated solution of citric acid, were either “placed” (control) or “burnished” (vigorously rubbed using root planing pressure) (experimental) on the prepared root surface for 5 min. Pellets were changed 2 times/min. The teeth were fixed and prepared for scanning electron microscope viewing and photography. A representative print was selected for each specimen. To confirm differences between test and control groups, untrained raters were asked to perform 2 sorting exercises. First, they were asked to sort the representative photographs of each specimen into 2 piles based on surface characteristics. Second, they were asked to choose from pairs of photographs, representing matched specimens, the one photograph which appeared to have the greatest collagen surface area. The surfaces of experimental specimens revealed patent dentinal tubules and an inter tubular area with a very distinct “shag carpet” appearance of deeply tufted collagen fibrils. Control samples also exhibited open dentinal tubules, yet the inter tubular surface displayed a “matted collagen” surface. Results of the 2 sorting exercises confirm that burnishing of formalin‐fixed dentin root surfaces for 5 min with cotton pellets soaked in a saturated solution of citric acid consistently produces a distinct tufted collagen fibril surface. In addition, this surface consistently appears to have exposed more collagen surface area than matched controls. It is proposed that the citric acid “burnishing” technique described removes more inorganic material through a combined mechanical/chemical process while fluffing and separating the entangled fixed dentin collagen. The effect citric acid has on the organic component of native dentin is raised. The clinical significance of the

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01621.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract116 subjects were recruited from a population of patients previously treated for adult periodontitis and maintained in periodontal health by means of periodic prophylaxes every 3–6 months. The subjects were divided into a control (C) and a test (T) group. A total of 33 patients in the T group and 47 in the C group completed the 4‐year study. The C subjects were examined every 6 months and given a prophylaxis every 3 months. The patients in the T group were examined at similar intervals, but prophylaxes were administered according to the individualized scheme of Listgarten and Shiffter, on the basis of a differential microscopic count of subgingival bacterial morphotypes. Recurrent periodontitis was defined as an increase in probing depth of 3 mm or more from baseline measurements. Teeth so affected were sampled microbiologically when the diagnosis of recurrent disease was made and “exited” from the study for treatment. A control microbial sample was taken at the same time from a previously‐defined pooled sample of non‐affected surfaces with comparatively high, but stable probing depths. During a 4‐year period, more than half of the subjects developed at least one recurrence of disease, and one‐third of the subjects had 2 or more recurrences of periodontitis. Disease recurred on approximal surfaces 81% and on oro‐vestibular surfaces 19% of the time. There were no significant differences in the rate of disease recurrence between the C and the T group, even though recall intervals in the T group at the 4‐year examination averaged 19.4 months and an average of 30.6 months had elapsed since the previous prophylaxis. Both groups exhibited similar plaque index and gingival index scores, similar probing depth and attachment level measurements, and similar proportions of different bacterial morphotypes during the 4‐year study. However, differences were noted between examinations for both groups with respect to most of these criteria. This study provides 4‐year longitudinal data on the clinical and certain microbiological characteristics of a population of adult patients previously treated for moderate to advanced periodontitis, and subsequently placed on periodontal maintenance. The results indicate that some of these patients may remain in good periodontal health despite the lack of regular tri‐monthly recall visits, and that microscopic monitoring of the subgingival microbiota may be of value in identifying these individuals. Our findings also indicate that microscopic monitoring of the subgingival microbiota may not provide sufficient benefits to justify the additional time and labor required to incorporate this technique into a standard regimen of periodont

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01622.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of repeated subgingival irrigation onActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitanswas examined. 24 periodontal pockets harboringA, actinomycetemcomitansin 3 juvenile and 4 adult periodontitis patients were studied. The protocol included bi‐weekly subgingival irrigation with hydrogen peroxide of the periodontal sites until the micro‐organism was no longer detected by selective culture, or for 6 months.A. actinomycetemcomitanswas gradually suppressed to below detection following the irrigation regime and could no longer be detected in 46% of the sites at completion of the irrigation protocol. The sites were microbiologically re‐examined 5 months after cessation of the irrigation regime.A. actinomycetemcomitansre‐occurred in only 2 of the sites from which it had originally been suppressed below detection. The results indicate: (1) that the irrigation regime tested has some potential to suppressA. actinomycetemcomitansin periodontal pockets; (2) that the effect of the irrigation protocol generally lasted for 5 months; (3) that the reduction rate ofA. actinomycetemcomitansto below detectable levels seems related to the initial number of cultivable bacteria from the periodontal

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01623.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this report was to evaluate the magnitude of the regression towards the mean (RTM) relative to the observed changes in probing measurements following periodontal therapy in 2 groups of patients. Regression lines were calculated for observed changes in probing depths and probing attachment levels related to the initial probing depths of the individual sites. Regression lines, adjusted for the RTM effect, were also calculated. For the extreme subgroups of recorded shallow and deep sites, the RTM effect (mm) was found to amount to a maximum of 0.6 mm. It appears unlikely that erroneous conclusions have been made in previous clinical studies evaluating probing depth changes in deep sites, since the RTM accounts for a limited portion of the observed changes. For probing depth changes in shallow sites and for probing attachment level changes in both shallow and deep sites, the RTM accounts for a larger proportion of the observed mm changes. It therefore seems prudent to be careful about interpretation of these changes in clinical studies, where the RTM effect has not been adjusted for. Whenever possible, duplicate initial recordings should be taken to allow determination of and subsequent adjustment for the RTM effect.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01624.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLately, it has been questioned whether localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) is restricted to the permanent dentition, or if it sometimes might have a prepubertal onset, involving the primary dentition. To clarify this question, 17 patients with LJP, together with 17 non‐LJP matched controls, were retrospectively examined for radiographic signs of alveolar bone destruction in their primary dentitions. All LJP subjects but one showed localized marginal bone loss, whereas no bone loss was observed among the controls. The results suggest that at least some cases of LJP start in the primary dentition prior to the involvement of the permanent teet

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01625.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY